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Cripplegate Lectures
''Morning Exercises'' refers to a religious observance by Puritans in London which started at the beginning of the English Civil War. Origins As most of the citizens of London had either a near relation or friend in the army of the Earl of Essex, clergymen were getting overwhelmed with requests to include prayers for these soldiers in their Sunday services. So a group of them agreed to set aside an hour at 7 am, every morning, with half an hour for prayer and half an hour for a broader exhortation of the population. It was started by Thomas Case the Presbyterian minister at St. Mary Magdalen, Milk Street and continued there for a month. The exercises were then taken up by other churches across the City of London. Shortly after Westminster Abbey also started to host religious lectures between 6 - 8am, not only for local residents, but also for Members of Parliament. The preachers here included Edmund Staunton, Philip Nye, Stephen Marshall, Herbert Palmer, Charles Herle, Jeremiah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puritans
The Puritans were English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to purify the Church of England of Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England had not been fully reformed and should become more Protestant. Puritanism played a significant role in English history, especially during the Protectorate. Puritans were dissatisfied with the limited extent of the English Reformation and with the Church of England's toleration of certain practices associated with the Roman Catholic Church. They formed and identified with various religious groups advocating greater purity of worship and doctrine, as well as personal and corporate piety. Puritans adopted a Reformed theology, and in that sense they were Calvinists (as were many of their earlier opponents). In church polity, some advocated separation from all other established Christian denominations in favour of autonomous gathered churches. These Separatist and Independent strands of Puritanism became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Adams (religious Writer)
Richard Adams (ca. 1626 – 7 February 1698) was a non-conforming English Presbyterian divine, known as author of sermons and other theological writings. Life He was the grandson of Richard Adams, the rector of Woodchurch, in the part of Cheshire which is called the hundred of Wirral, and son of Charles Adams, who, with his brother Randall, was brought up to the church, and became the father of four Adams – Richard, Peter, Thomas, and Charles, who were all clergymen.Long, George. ''The Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge''. London: Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans, 1842–1844. 4 vols. Adams was admitted to Brasenose College, Oxford, on 24 March 1646, where he became the friend of John Howe, became fellow, and took his master's degree in 1651. In 1655 he was settled in the church of St. Mildred, Bread-street, London, where he was a very useful preacher, and was regarded as an ornament to his function. Among his parishioners was Jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zachary Crofton
Zachary Crofton (1626–1672) was an Anglo-Irish nonconforming minister and controversialist, in England from the 1640s. Life He was born in Ireland and principally educated at Dublin. He came to England about 1646. His first living was at Wrenbury in Cheshire, from which he was expelled in 1648 for refusing to take the engagement. He then came to London, and was for some time minister of St. James's, Garlick Hythe, and then obtained the rectory of St. Botolph, Aldgate. He held that position until the Restoration, when he was ejected for nonconformity. :s:Crofton, Zachary (DNB00) He was prosecuted (in some fashion) in 1657 for whipping his servant girl, Mary Cadman. The case became notorious, and the theme of a 1661 play ''The Presbyterian Lash'', by Francis Kirkman. Crofton had defended himself in 1657 under the pseudonym Alethes Noctroff. He has been called "the best known Presbyterian controversialist in the Restoration", and advanced a presbyterian position that was both roy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Cooper (Puritan)
William Cooper ( fl. 1653) was an English clergyman of Puritan views, chaplain to Elizabeth of Bohemia, participant in the Savoy Conference, and ejected minister. Life He matriculated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge in 1628, graduating B.A, in 1632 and M.A. in 1635. In 1640 he was appointed minister to the English church at Nijmegen. He married the daughter of the Dutch painter John Le Maire, who was in favour with William Laud, and so obtained the living of Ringmer in Sussex in 1641. Not in fact a Laudian, he showed himself a Puritan. From 1644 to 1648 he was chaplain to Elizabeth of Bohemia, and resided in her household at The Hague, where he replaced Sampson Johnson. This was a deal under which she would receive again an English pension, but was required to dismiss Johnson and take on Cooper, who had the approval of the Long Parliament. After her brother's execution in 1649 there was no further question of her accepting Parliament's nominee, and she appointed William Stamp arou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Collins (minister)
John Collins (c. 1632–1687) was an English Independent minister. Biography John Collins was born in England, but brought up in New England, where his father Edward became a deacon of the congregational church at Cambridge, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1649, and became a fellow there. In 1653 he returned to Britain, as a preacher in Scotland. In 1659 Collins was acting as chaplain to General George Monck, whom he accompanied from Scotland to London. Monk dismissed his Independent chaplains in March 1660, when he turned to the Presbyterians. Collins held no preferment at the date of the Uniformity Act 1662, but is included by Edmund Calamy among the "silenced ministers." Subsequently, he succeeded Thomas Mallory (ejected from the lectureship of St. Michael's, Crooked Lane) as pastor of a congregational church in Lime Street, London. He was also one of the Pinners' Hall lecturers. He died on 3 December 1687. Works According to Calamy, Collins published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Cole (minister)
Thomas Cole (1628–1697) was an English Independent minister. Life Cole was a native of London, born in 1628. His father William Cole owned property, and sent him to Westminster School, from where, in 1646, he was elected student of Christ Church, Oxford. He proceeded B.A. in 1649, and M.A. 8 July 1651, and in 1656 became principal of St. Mary Hall. As a tutor he had pupils including John Locke. The Restoration of Charles II led to the ejection of Cole from his position at Oxford. He then opened a dissenting academy at Nettlebed, Oxfordshire, where one of those under his charge was James Bonnell. Samuel Wesley attacked the character of Cole, based on reports from Bonnell; Samuel Palmer defended Cole in his '' Vindication of the Dissenters''. In February 1674 Cole succeeded Philip Nye as minister of the Independent congregation at Silver Street meeting-house, London. He was also one of the ministers of the merchants' lecture at Pinners' Hall. His church, after leaving Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Clarkson (minister)
David Clarkson (1622 – 14 June 1686) was an English ejected minister. Early life The son of Robert Clarkson, he was born at Bradford, Yorkshire, where he was baptised on 3 March 1622. His brother, William Clarkson, held the sequestered rectory of Adel, Leeds, and died not long before the Restoration. His sister was married to Sharp, uncle of Bishop John Sharp and father of Thomas Sharp, the ejected minister. He was educated at Clare College, Cambridge, Clare Hall, Cambridge, and by virtue of a warrant from the Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester, Earl of Manchester was admitted fellow on 5 May 1645, being then B.A. Clarkson had pupils until 26 March 1650, among them John Tillotson, who succeeded him in his fellowship about 27 November 1651. Career Clarkson obtained the perpetual curacy of Mortlake, Surrey, and held it till his ejection by the Uniformity Act 1662. After two decades of covert movement he became, in July 1682, colleague to John Owen (theologian), John Owen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Charnock
Stephen Charnock (1628–27 July 1680), Puritan divine, was an English Puritan Presbyterian clergyman born at the St Katherine Cree parish of London. Life Charnock studied at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, during which he was converted to the Christian faith, beginning his spiritual journey as a Puritan divine. After leaving the college, he possibly held a position as either a private teacher or tutor, then moving on to become a minister of the faith in Southwark for a short time, converting individuals to Christianity. He continued on to New College, Oxford, where he earned a fellowship and gained a position as senior proctor He moved to Ireland in 1656 where he became a chaplain to Henry Cromwell, governor of Ireland. In Dublin, he began a regular ministry of preaching to other believers. Those who came to hear him were from different classes of society and differing denominations, and he became widely known for the skill by which he discharged his duties. In 1660, the mona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edmund Calamy The Elder
Edmund Calamy (February 160029 October 1666) was an English Presbyterian church leader and divine. Known as "the elder", he was the first of four generations of nonconformist ministers bearing the same name. Early life The Calamy family claimed to be of Huguenot descent. Edmund Calamy was born in the parish of St Thomas the Apostle, London, and educated at Merchant Taylors' School and then Pembroke College, Cambridge, where his opposition to Arminianism excluded him from a fellowship. Nicholas Felton, Bishop of Ely, nevertheless made him his chaplain, and gave him the living of St Mary, Swaffham Prior, which he held till 1626. He then moved to Bury St Edmunds, where he lectured for ten years; the later Congregationalist Jeremiah Burroughs was another preacher in the town. He retired when his bishop Matthew Wren insisted on the observance of certain ceremonial articles: Calamy refused to read out the ''Book of Sports'' in his church. In 1636 he was appointed rector (or pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Burgess (minister)
Daniel Burgess (1645–1713) was an English Presbyterian minister. Life His father was Daniel Burgess, who, after holding the livings of Staines and of Sutton Magna, Wiltshire, was appointed rector of Collingbourn Ducis, Wiltshire, through the influence of his brother Isaac Burgess, High Sheriff of the county. He was ejected from the rectory in 1662, and was probably the author of the sermon on Eccl. xii. 1, mentioned by Watts and Allibone. Burgess was placed under Richard Busby at Westminster School in 1654, and entered commoner of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, in 1660. He studied hard, but did not graduate, declining to conform. The statement that he took orders at Oxford needs confirmation; deacon's orders he may have had, but more probably only the license of a presbytery. Leaving the university, he acted as domestic chaplain to Foyl of Chute, Wiltshire, and afterwards to Smith of Tedworth. In 1667, Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery, lord president of Munster, took him to Irela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew Bromhall
Andrew Bromhall (c 1608-1662), was an English divine. Life Andrew Bromhall studied at Balliol College, Oxford gaining his MA in 1630. He was ordained deacon in Wells Cathedral in 1633. Bromhall was one of the 'triers' for the county of Dorset commissioned in 1653-4 to eject immoral and inefficient ministers. He had been previously presented by the parliament to the substantial rectory of Maiden Newton, Dorset, then vacant by the sequestration of Matthew Osborn, M. A., or Edward Osbourn, A.M. Hutchins records that 'Bromhall died before the Restoration.' Calamy is apparently in error in stating that Bromhall was ejected from Maiden-Newton in 1662, and was afterwards resident in London. Works He contributed Sermon xxvii. (probably preached before the Restoration) to the first volume (1661) of 'The Morning Exercises at Cripplegate, St. Giles-in-the-Fields, and in Southwark Southwark ( ) is a district of Central London situated on the south bank of the River Thames, forming ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Baxter
Richard Baxter (12 November 1615 – 8 December 1691) was an English Puritan church leader, poet, hymnodist, theologian, and controversialist. Dean Stanley called him "the chief of English Protestant Schoolmen". After some false starts, he made his reputation by his ministry at Kidderminster in Worcestershire, and at around the same time began a long and prolific career as theological writer. After the Restoration he refused preferment, while retaining a non-separatist Presbyterian approach, and became one of the most influential leaders of the Nonconformists, spending time in prison. His views on justification and sanctification are somewhat controversial and unconventional within the Calvinist tradition because his teachings seem, to some, to undermine salvation by faith, in that he emphasizes the necessity of repentance and faithfulness. Early life and education Baxter was born at Rowton, Shropshire, at the house of his maternal grandfather (probably on 12 November 1615 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
