|
Crip (disability Term)
Crip, slang for cripple, is a term in the process of being reclaimed by disabled people. Wright State University suggests that the current community definition of crip includes people who experience any form of disability, such as one or more impairments with physical, mental, learning, and sensory, though the term primarily targets physical and mobility impairment. People might identify as a crip for many reasons. Some of these reasons are to show pride, to talk about disability rights, or avoid ranking types of disability. The term ''cripple'' is attested in English from as early as 950 CE. While cripple appeared to describe someone with a physical disability, it eventually became a slur focused on people deemed ugly due to a physical disability. The use of crip, as a slur, was not limited to people. Emily Hutcheon and Gregor Wolbring stated that crip could be used for 'an action/event/object/person' that did not meet its intended purpose. By the 1920s crip was being used as slan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cripple
A cripple is a person or animal with a physical disability, particularly one who is unable to walk because of an injury or illness. The word was recorded as early as 950 AD, and derives from the Proto-Germanic ''krupilaz''. The German and Dutch words ''Krüppel'' and ''kreupel'' are cognates. By the 1970s, the word generally came to be regarded as pejorative when used for people with disabilities. ''Cripple'' is also a transitive verb, meaning "cause a disability or inability". The word ''crippling'' is also used as an adjective. Reappropriation In the same way that the term "queer" has been reappropriated by the gay rights movement, members of the disability rights movement have reclaimed words such as "cripple", "crip", and "gimp" to refer to themselves. The ''cripple tribunal'' in Dortmund on 13 December 1981 was one of the main protest actions of the autonomous German disability movement (in confrontation with the established disability assistance) against human right ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cripping-up
Cripping-up is the act of casting an actor without an apparent/visible disability into a role which is either scripted as having a disability, or into the role of an historical figure who is known to have been disabled. The term is from the audience's perspective where the visibly apparent disability is mimicked by an actor who does not have physical, sensory or communication disability. This does not always include disabled actors being cast in roles with different conditions to their own as the practice of transposing a condition in to a role can creatively work because the actor has a "lived experience" of disability. The term "cripping-up" began to appear in mainstream media around 2010. It is a derivative of the word " crip" and is used to call out certain casting practices in stage, TV drama and film production with particular focus on The Academy Awards on screen and the portrayal of disabled icons such as King Richard III, Frida Kahlo or Joseph Merrick, Alexander Pope or di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intersectionality
Intersectionality is an analytical framework for understanding how groups' and individuals' social and political identities result in unique combinations of discrimination and privilege. Examples of these intersecting and overlapping factors include gender, caste, sex, race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, religion, disability, physical appearance, and age. These factors can lead to both empowerment and oppression. Intersectionality arose in reaction to both white feminism and the then male-dominated black liberation movement, citing the "interlocking oppressions" of racism, sexism and heteronormativity. It broadens the scope of the first and second waves of feminism, which largely focused on the experiences of women who were white, cisgender, and middle-class, to include the different experiences of women of color, poor women, immigrant women, and other groups, and aims to separate itself from white feminism by acknowledging women's differing experiences and ident ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crips
The Crips are a primarily African-American alliance of street gangs that are based in the coastal regions of Southern California. Founded in Los Angeles, California, in 1969, mainly by Raymond Washington and Stanley Williams, the Crips began as an alliance between two autonomous gangs, and developed into a loosely connected network of individual " sets", often engaged in open warfare with one another. Its members have traditionally worn blue clothing since around 1973. The Crips are one of the largest and most violent associations of street gangs in the United States.U.S. Department of Justice, ''Crips''. With an estimated 30,000 to 35,000 members in 2008, the gangs' members have been involved in murders, robberies, and drug dealing, among other crimes. They have a long and bitter rivalry with the Bloods. Some self-identified Crips have been convicted of federal racketeering. Etymology Some sources suggest that the original name for the alliance, "Cribs", was narr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alison Kafer
Alison Kafer is an American academic specializing in feminist, queer, and disability theory. , she is an associate professor of feminist studies at the University of Texas, Austin. She is the author of the book ''Feminist, Queer, Crip''. Education Kafer graduated in 1993 with a B.A. with Honors in Art from Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. In 2000, she received an M.A. in Women's Studies and Religion, followed by a Ph.D. in 2005, both from Claremont Graduate University in Claremont, California. Career Kafer has held a variety of academic positions at several universities in the United States. After her M.A., she was a Visiting Dissertation Fellow in Women's Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara from 2002 to 2003. Following her Ph.D. she was an Ed Roberts Fellow in Disability Studies at the University of California, Berkeley from 2006 to 2007. Kafer taught at Southwestern University in Georgetown, Texas from 2004 to 2018, and was promote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spoon Theory
Spoon theory is a metaphor describing the amount of physical or mental energy that a person has available for daily activities and tasks, and how it can become limited. The term was coined in a 2003 essay by American writer Christine Miserandino. In the essay, Miserandino describes her experience with chronic illness, using a handful of spoons as a metaphor for units of energy available to perform everyday actions. The metaphor has since been used to describe a wide range of disabilities, mental health issues, forms of marginalization, and other factors that might place unseen burdens on individuals. Origin In her 2003 essay "The Spoon Theory", American writer Christine Miserandino writes about a time she told a friend about her experience with lupus. As they were at a restaurant, Miserandino grabbed spoons and gave them to her friend. Miserandino used the spoons to demonstrate that people with chronic illness often start their days off with limited quantities of energy. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Able-bodied
{{Short pages monitor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender And Sexuality Studies
Gender studies is an interdisciplinarity, interdisciplinary discipline (academia), academic field devoted to analysing gender identity and gendered representation (politics), representation. Gender studies originated in the field of women's studies, concerning women, feminism, gender, and politics. The field now overlaps with queer studies and men's studies. Its rise to prominence, especially in Western universities after 1990, coincided with the rise of deconstruction. Disciplines that frequently contribute to gender studies include the fields of literature, linguistics, human geography, history, political science, archaeology, economics, sociology, psychology, anthropology, film theory, cinema, musicology, media studies, Human development (economics), human development, law, public health, and medicine. Gender studies also analyzes how race (human categorization), race, ethnicity, location, social class, nationality, and disability intersectionality, intersect with the cate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disability Studies
Disability studies is an academic discipline that examines the meaning, nature, and consequences of disability. Initially, the field focused on the division between "impairment" and "disability", where impairment was an impairment of an individual's mind or body, while disability was considered a social construct. This premise gave rise to two distinct models of disability: the social and medical models of disability. In 1999 the social model was universally accepted as the model preferred by the field. However, in recent years, the division between the social and medical models has been challenged. Alternative models of disability have increased, allowing for greater complexity and specificity in how disability is theorized. Additionally, there has been an increased focus on interdisciplinary research. For example, recent investigations suggest using "cross-sectional markers of stratification" may help provide new insights on the non-random distribution of risk factors capable o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mike Oliver (disability Advocate)
Michael James Hoiles Oliver (3 February 1945 – 2 March 2019) was an English sociologist, author, and disability rights activist. He was the first Professor of Disability Studies in the world, and key advocate of the social model of disability. Early life Michael James Hoiles Oliver was born 3 February 1945, in Rochester, Kent to Fred and Edna (nee Hoiles) Oliver. He grew up in Borstal and attended Sir Joseph Williamson's Mathematical School, leaving at 16 to work as a payroll clerk. He broke his neck in 1962 while on holiday, and was treated at Stoke Mandeville Hospital. He used a wheelchair after his accident. He returned home after a year of rehabilitation. He worked in adult education at Borstal Prison (now HM Prison Rochester) and then took a degree in sociology. He started his degree at the University of Reading in 1971, but the support arrangements were inadequate, and he left after a few weeks. He completed his bachelor's degree at the University of Kent, followe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Model Of Disability
The social model of disability identifies systemic barriers, derogatory attitudes, and social exclusion (intentional or inadvertent), which make it difficult or impossible for disabled people to attain their valued functionings. The social model of disability diverges from the dominant medical model of disability, which is a functional analysis of the body as a machine to be fixed in order to conform with normative conceptions of quality of life. The medical model of disability carries with it a negative connotation, with negative labels associated with disabled people. The social model of disability seeks to challenge power imbalances within society between differently-abled people and seeks to redefine what disability means as a diverse expression of human life. While physical, sensory, intellectual, or psychological variations may result in individual functional differences, these do not necessarily have to lead to disability unless society fails to take account of and incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ableism
Ableism (; also known as ablism, disablism (British English), anapirophobia, anapirism, and disability discrimination) is discrimination and social prejudice against physically or mentally disabled people. Ableism characterizes people as they are defined by their disabilities and it also classifies disabled people as people who are inferior to non-disabled people. On this basis, people are assigned or denied certain perceived abilities, skills, or character orientations. There are stereotypes which are either associated with disability in general, or they are associated with specific impairments or chronic health conditions (for instance the presumption that all disabled people want to be cured, the presumption that wheelchair users also have an intellectual disability, or the presumption that blind people have some special form of insight). These stereotypes, in turn, serve as a justification for discriminatory practices, and reinforce discriminatory attitudes and behaviors t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
