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Creation Of The State Of Israel
The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel ( he, הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 ( 5 Iyar 5708) by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization, Chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, and soon to be first Prime Minister of Israel. It declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz-Israel, to be known as the State of Israel, which would come into effect on termination of the British Mandate at midnight that day. The event is celebrated annually in Israel with a national holiday Independence Day on 5 Iyar of every year according to the Hebrew calendar. Background The possibility of a Jewish homeland in Palestine had been a goal of Zionist organizations since the late 19th century. In 1917 British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour stated in a letter to British Jewish community leader Walter, Lord Rothschild that: His Majesty's g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iyar
Iyar ( he, אִייָר or , Standard ''ʾĪyyar'' Tiberian ''ʾĪyyār''; from akk, 𒌗 𒄞 itiayari " rosette; blossom") is the eighth month of the civil year (which starts on 1 Tishrei) and the second month of the Jewish religious year (which starts on 1 Nisan) on the Hebrew calendar. The name is Babylonian in origin. It is a month of 29 days. Iyar usually falls in April–May on the Gregorian calendar. In the Hebrew Bible, before the Babylonian captivity, the month was called Ziv (, ). Ziv is a Hebrew word that means "light" or "glow". Along with all other current, post-biblical Jewish month names, Iyar was adopted during the Babylonian captivity. In the Babylonian calendar its name was Araḫ Āru, which can be interpreted as "month of blossoming". Holidays in Iyar Jewish holidays * 14 Iyar – Pesach Sheni * 18 Iyar – Lag BaOmer * Fast of Behav – see Cheshvan. It is observed on the Monday, Thursday, and Monday after the first Sabbath after Rosh Chodesh Iyar. U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolf Gold
Rabbi Wolf Gold ( he, זאב גולד, Ze'ev Gold, born Zev Krawczynski on May 2, 1889, died 8 April 1956) was a rabbi, Jewish activist, and one of the signatories of the Israeli declaration of independence Born in Szczuczyn he was a descendant on his father's side from at least eight generations of rabbis. Gold's first teacher was his maternal grandfather, Rabbi Yehoshuah Goldwasser - a leader in Hovevei Zion. Later he studied at the Mir yeshiva under Rabbi Eliyahu Baruch Kamei. From there Gold moved on to study in Lida at Yeshiva Torah Vo'Da'as - the yeshiva of Rabbi Yitzchak Yaacov Reines where Torah was combined with secular studies. Gold was ordained as a Rabbi at the age of 17 by Rabbi Eliezer Rabinowitz of Minsk, and succeeded his father-in-law Rabbi Moshe Reichler, as rabbi in Juteka. At the age of 18, he moved to the United States, where he served as rabbi in several communities including South Chicago, Scranton, Pennsylvania (until 1912), Congregation Beth Jacob Ohev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nahum Nir
Nahum Nir-Rafalkes ( he, נחום ניר, 17 March 1884 – 10 July 1968) was a Zionist activist, Israeli politician and one of the signatories of the Israeli declaration of independence. He was the only Speaker of the Knesset not to have been a member of the ruling party until Benny Gantz in 2020. Biography Nahum Rafalkes (later Nir-Rafalkes) was born in Warsaw, then part of the Russian Empire. He studied at a Heder in the city before studying natural sciences at university in Warsaw, Zurich and St Petersburg. He also studied law at St Petersburg and Dorpat, gaining a LL.D in 1908. In 1903, he joined the Zionist student's organisation Kadima, and was a delegate to the Sixth Zionist Congress that year. Two years later he joined Poale Zion, and was also involved in the founding of World Poale Zion. Nir also served as head of the Polish Waiter's Union, and in 1906 led what he claimed to be the world's first successful strike against tipping. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golda Meir
Golda Meir, ; ar, جولدا مائير, Jūldā Māʾīr., group=nb (born Golda Mabovitch; 3 May 1898 – 8 December 1978) was an Israeli politician, teacher, and ''kibbutznikit'' who served as the fourth prime minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974. She was the first woman to become head of government in Israel. Born in Kyiv in the Russian Empire, she immigrated to Wisconsin, United States as a child with her family in 1906, and was educated there, becoming a teacher. After getting married, she and her husband emigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1921, settling on a ''kibbutz''. Meir was elected prime minister of Israel on 17 March 1969, after serving as labour minister and foreign minister. The world's fourth and Israel's only woman to hold the office of prime minister, and the first in any country in the Middle East, she has been described as the "Iron Lady" of Israeli politics. Meir was Prime Minister during the Yom Kippur War of 1973. Israel was caught off guard and suffered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zvi Luria
Zvi Lurie ( he, צבי לוריא, 1 June 1906 – 21 May 1968) was a Jewish political figure in Mandatory Palestine. A member of the Jewish National Council, he was amongst the signatories of the Israeli declaration of independence. Biography Zvi Lurie was born in Łódź in the Russian Empire (today in Poland). He immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1924. Lurie was a founder of kibbutz Ein Shemer. Zionist and political activism Lurie was a member of Hashomer Hatzair, serving as its general secretary between 1935 and 1937. He was a member of the Jewish National Council on behalf of Hashomer Hatzair, and was co-opted into the Provisional State Council following Israel's declaration of independence in May 1948. He also helped establish Kol Yisrael, which broadcast the declaration. After signing the declaration, Lurie left Israel to work on strengthening ties between Israel and the Jewish people [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meir David Loewenstein
Meir David Loewenstein ( he, מאיר-דוד לוונשטיין, also spelt Levenstein or Levinstein; 1 June 1904 – 15 August 1995) was an Israeli politician and one of the signatories of the Israeli declaration of independence. Biography Born in Copenhagen in Denmark in 1904, Loewenstein studied at a business school in Switzerland and a rabbinical seminary in Amsterdam, Netherlands. During his youth he became involved in the European Agudat Yisrael youth movement, of which he later became chairman. After immigrating to Mandatory Palestine in 1934, he remained active in Agudat Yisrael. As a prominent member of the organisation, Loewenstein became a member of Moetzet HaAm (later the Provisional State Council), and signed Israel's declaration of independence in 1948. However, he later claimed: :''It ignored our sole right to Eretz Israel, which is based on the covenant of the Lord with Abraham, our father, and repeated promises in the Tanach. It ignored the aliya of the Ramban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yitzhak-Meir Levin
Yitzhak-Meir Levin, ( he, יצחק-מאיר לוין, pl, Izaak Meir Lewin; 30 January 1893 – 7 August 1971) was a Haredi politician in Poland and Israel. One of 37 people to sign the Israeli declaration of independence, he served in several Israeli cabinets, and was a longtime leader and Knesset minister for Agudat Yisrael and related parties. Biography Yitzhak Meir Levin was born as Izaak Meir Lewin in Góra Kalwaria (known as ''Ger'' in Yiddish) in the Congress Poland part of the Russian Empire. He was a paternal descendant of Chanokh Heynekh Levin (1789-1870). In his early years, he studied at yeshiva and received Semikhah. He married the daughter of Rabbi Avraham Mordechai Alter, head of the influential Ger hasidic dynasty [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moshe Kol
Moshe Kol ( he, משה קול, born Moshe Kolodny on 28 May 1911, died 7 July 1989) was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician and one of the signatories of the Israeli declaration of independence. Biography Moshe Kolodny (later Kol) was born in Pinsk in the Russian Empire (today in Belarus). He studied at a heder and Hebrew high school in his home town, and was one of the founders of HaOved HaTzioni youth movement in Poland. He immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1932 and joined Kibbutz Hamefales in Kfar Saba, which was associated with HaOved HaTzioni. He joined the Histadrut trade union, serving as a member of its executive between 1941 and 1946, and also sat on the board of directors of the Jewish Agency for Israel, where he headed the Youth Aliyah department. On 15 May 1948 Kol was one of the people to sign the Israeli declaration of independence, and became a member of the Provisional State Council. He was also one of the founders of the Progressive Party. In July 1951 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saadia Kobashi
Saadia Kobashi ( he, סעדיה כובשי; ar, سعديه كوبشي, 1904–1990) was a leader of the Yemenite Jewish community in Israel, and one of the signatories of the country's declaration of independence. Biography Born in Yemen, he migrated to Ottoman Palestine in 1909, settling in Jerusalem. A member of the Jewish National Council and Moetzet HaAm on behalf of the Yemenite Association, he signed the declaration of independence in 1948 as ''S. Kobashi'', adding ''HaLevi'' at the end (referring to the tribe of Levi). Iton Tel Aviv, 23 April 2004 After independence, he moved to and was appointed supervisor of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avraham Katznelson
Dr Avraham Katznelson ( he, אברהם קצנלסון, , 1888 – 18 May 1956), later known as Avraham Nissan, was a physician and Zionist political figure in Mandate Palestine. He was a signatory of the Israeli declaration of independence. Biography Katznelson was born in 1888 in Babruysk in the Russian Empire (now in Belarus). He attended Saint Petersburg University and Moscow University.Martin Gilbert (1973) ''Sir Horace Rumbold; Portrait of a Diplomat: 1869-1941'', p416 During World War I he served in the Russian Army as a physician. He emigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1924.Ronald L. Eisenberg (2006''The Streets of Jerusalem: Who, What, why''ppp279–280 A resident of Jerusalem, Katznelson became a member of the central committees of both Mapai and Hashomer Hatzair, representing the former in the Vaad Leumi and Moetzet HaAm from 1931 to 1948, and also serving as director of the health department of the Zionist Executive. As such, in 1948 he was amongst the signatories of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eliezer Kaplan
Eliezer Kaplan ( he, אליעזר קפלן; be, Эліэзер Каплан; ) was a Zionist activist, Israeli politician, one of the signatories of the Israeli declaration of independence and the country's first Minister of Finance and Deputy Prime Minister. Biography Born in Minsk in the Russian Empire (today in Belarus), Kaplan attended a Heder and high school in Łowicz. He joined the Socialist Zionist Party in 1905, and was one of the founders of the ''Youth of Zion – Renewal'' movement in 1908, elected secretary of its Minsk Region branch in 1912. He also helped found the ''Youth of Zion'' movement in Russia in 1912 and was a member of its central committee. In 1917, he graduated from a Moscow polytechnic as a building engineer. In 1919, Kaplan was a member of the Ukrainian delegation to the Versailles Peace Conference. The following year he immigrated to Mandatory Palestine, and was involved in merging ''Youth of Zion'' with Hapoel Hatzair to form Hitachdut, and fol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalman Kahana
Kalman Kahana ( he, קלמן כהנא, 31 May 1910, Brody, western Ukraine – 20 August 1991) was a long-serving Israeli politician and journalist, and a signatory of the Israeli declaration of independence. He was the brother of Yitzhak Kahan, former President of the Supreme Court of Israel. Background Kalman was born in Galicia, an area of the Austro-Hungarian Empire now in modern-day Ukraine. He studied Philosophy, Semitic Languages, History and Pedagogy at Berlin University and Würzburg University, eventually gaining a PhD in Philosophy. He also graduated as a Rabbi from the Hildesheimer Rabbinical Seminary of Berlin, and was also head of the Haredi Students Organization in the city, as well as being a member of the ''Young Aguda''. Kalman immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1938, settling in the Kibbutz of Hafetz Haim. After immigrating, he became editor of the Sha'arim newspaper. Political career Shortly after arriving in Palestine, Kahana became involved in politics, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
