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Council At The Highest Court Of The Russian Empire
The Council at the Highest Court was the highest advisory institution in the Russian Empire that existed from 1768 to 1801. Activity history and significance It was created on November 28, 1768 by Catherine the Great as an emergency body to discuss issues related to the conduct of the war with the Ottoman Empire. Initially, it was going irregularly, but after the publication of a special decree on January 28, 1769, discussions were happening 1–2 times a week. After the conclusion of the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, the basis for the work of the council ceased, but it continued to act as an advisory institution not only on matters of military and foreign, but also domestic policy (among others, it heard questions about the reform of the local government system and class structure, measures to suppress Pugachev's Rebellion). Under Paul I, the council lost any meaning, and at the end of 1800 it stopped its meetings. It was abolished on April 7, 1801 by Alexander I. It was a delib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Council Of The Russian Empire
The Imperial Council was the highest state institution under Emperor Peter III. It was created by decree of May 29, 1762 in place of the abolished Conference at the Highest Court. The council had the right to issue decrees signed by the emperor, and, in part of the cases, to make decisions without his participation (signed by Council members on behalf of the sovereign). The council's focus was on the war with Denmark conceived by the emperor. During the palace coup on June 28, 1762, members of the Council Alexander Vilboa, Mikhail Volkonsky, Mikhail Vorontsov, Alexey Melgunov, and Nikita Trubetskoy supported Catherine the Great, but the empress who ascended the throne dissolved the Imperial Council, soon establishing its own advisory body – the Council at the Highest Court. Composition of the Imperial Council The Council included: * Georg Holstein-Gottorp (first member of the Imperial Council) * Peter August Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, President of the Collegium of Forei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikita Ivanovich Panin
Count Nikita Ivanovich Panin (russian: Ники́та Ива́нович Па́нин) () was an influential Russian statesman and political mentor to Catherine the Great for the first 18 years of her reign (1762-1780). In that role, he advocated the Northern Alliance, closer ties with Frederick the Great of Prussia and the establishment of an advisory privy council. His staunch opposition to the partitions of Poland led to his being replaced by the more compliant Prince Bezborodko. Catherine appointed many men to the Senate who were related to Panin's powerful family.K. D. Bugrov, "Nikita Panin and Catherine II: Conceptual aspect of political relations." ''RUDN Journal of Russian History'' 4 (2010): 38-52. Early life and career Nikita Ivanovich Panin was born at Danzig, to the Russian commandant of Pärnu, the Estonian city where he would spend most of his childhood. In 1740, he entered the Russian army, and was rumored to be one of the favorites of Empress Elizabeth. In 1747, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigory Potemkin
Prince Grigory Aleksandrovich Potemkin-Tauricheski (, also , ;, rus, Князь Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий, Knjaz' Grigórij Aleksándrovich Potjómkin-Tavrícheskij, ɡrʲɪˈɡorʲɪj ɐlʲɪkˈsandrəvʲɪtɕ pɐˈtʲɵmkʲɪn tɐˈvrʲitɕɪskʲɪj; A number of dates as late as 1742 have been found on record; the veracity of any one is unlikely to be proved. This is his "official" birth-date as given on his tombstone.), more accurately spelled Grigory Aleksandrovich Potyomkin-Tavricheski, was a Russian military leader, statesman, nobleman, and favourite of Catherine the Great. He died during negotiations over the Treaty of Jassy (now Iași), which ended a war with the Ottoman Empire that he had overseen. Potemkin was born into a family of middle-income noble landowners. He first attracted Catherine's favor for helping in her 1762 coup, then distinguished himself as a military commander in the Russo-Turkish War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novorossiya Governorate
Novorossiya Governorate (russian: Новороссийская губерния, Novorossiyskaya guberniya, New Russia Governorate; uk, Новоросійська губернія), was a governorate of the Russian Empire in the previously Ottoman and Cossack territories, that existed from 1764 until the 1783 administrative reform. It was created and governed according to the "Plan for the Colonization of New Russia Gubernia" issued by the Russian Senate.New Russia Gubernia at the It became the first region in Russia where |
Mikhail Volkonsky
Prince Mikhail Nikitich Volkonsky (October 20, 1713 – December 19, 1788) was a Russian statesman and military figure from the House of Volkonsky, General-in-Chief (1762), in 1771–1780 he was Commander-in-Chief in Moscow. The brother of General Alexei Volkonsky, uncle of Nastasya Ofrosimova. Biography Born in the family of Prince Nikita Fedorovich Volkonsky and Agrafena Petrovna, née Bestuzheva, "in the old courtyard outside the Tver Gate near the Strastnov Monastery in the parish of the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin".Mikhail VolkonskyJournal of the Life and Services of Prince Mikhail Nikitich Volkonsky/ Public, Foreword and Note by Afanasyev // Russian Archive: History of the Fatherland in the Evidence and Documents of the 18–20 Centuries. Almanac – Moscow: TRITE Studio; Russian Archive, 2004 – Volume 13 – Pages 9–60 In childhood, he lived with grandmother Catherine Ilyinichna, née Miloslavskaya. Since 1724 he was brought up by his grandfather Peter Bestu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayor Of Moscow
The Mayor of Moscow (russian: Мэр Москвы, Mer Moskvy) is the head and the highest-ranking official of Moscow, who leads the Government of Moscow, the main executive body of the city. Moscow is both a city and separate federal subject, according to the Constitution of Russia. Most federal subjects are headed by governors, but the office of the head of Moscow is called ''Mayor of the City of Moscow'', according to the Charter of the city of Moscow. Sergey Sobyanin, the incumbent Mayor of Moscow, was re-elected for a new term in 2018. Responsibilities The separate office of the ''Premier of the Government of Moscow'' existed in 1991-2001 (Yuri Luzhkov was the only officeholder), but it was merged with the office of Mayor of Moscow. 1999 Moscow mayoral election was the last time when the mayor ran together with the vice-mayor. Mayor of Moscow heads Government of Moscow. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Charles Knowles, 1st Baronet
Sir Charles Knowles, 1st Baronet (c. 1704 – 9 December 1777) was a British naval officer who served in the Royal Navy, seeing service during the War of Jenkins' Ear, the wider War of the Austrian Succession, and the Seven Years' War. He also briefly served under the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Turkish War. He rose to the rank of Admiral in a long and varied career, crowned with both success, and at times, controversy. He was highly educated, and particularly skilled in building and destroying fortifications. His career was mainly centred on the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea, where he commanded ships and squadrons in actions against both Spanish and French ships and settlements. Despite an active naval career in which he reached the rank of Rear-Admiral, Knowles found time to continue his studies. He translated foreign scientific studies, and developed his own inventions. His career at sea was blighted, however, by several failures. This may have been the catalyst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Chernyshyov
Count Ivan Grigoryevich Chernyshyov (1726 – 1797; russian: Граф Иван Григорьевич Чернышёв) was an Imperial Russian Field Marshal and General Admiral, prominent during the reign of Empress Catherine the Great. Life and career He started his career serving under his more illustrious brother Zakhar Chernyshyov at the Russian missions in Copenhagen (1741) and Berlin (1742–45). In 1749 he was commanded to resign from diplomatic service and marry Countess Elizabeth Yefimovskaya, a cousin of Empress Elizabeth. All three Chernyshov brothers backed Catherine in the coup that placed her on the Russian throne in 1762, after the assassination of her husband, Peter III. They were handsomely rewarded for their loyalty. Catherine II first appointed Ivan Chernyshov to serve in the Governing Senate. In 1768, Chernyshov was awarded the role of Chief Plenipotentiary in London. On his return to Russia two years later, he was made Vice-President of the Admiralty; a po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Admiralty Board (Russian Empire)
Board of Admiralties (russian: Адмиралтейств-коллегия, ''Admiralteystv-kollegiya'') was a supreme body for the administration of the Imperial Russian Navy and admiralty shipyards in the Russian Empire, established by Peter the Great on December 12, 1718, and headquartered in the Admiralty building, Saint Petersburg. It included several other admiralties of the Imperial Russia among which is the Nikolaev Admiralty. History The responsibilities of the Admiralty Board had been changing throughout its history. It supervised the construction of military ships, ports, harbors, and canals and administered Admiralty Shipyard. The Admiralty Board was also in charge of naval armaments and equipment, preparation of naval officers etc. The first president of the Admiralty Board was Count Fyodor Apraksin. In 1720, the Admiralty Board published a collection of naval decrees called ''Книга - устав морской о всем, что касается доброму у ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zakhar Chernyshyov
Zakhar Grigoryevich Chernyshev (172231 August 1784) was a Russian noble, courtier to Catherine the Great, Imperial Russian Army officer, and Imperial Russian politician in the 18th century. After made a courtier to then-Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst in 1744, Chernyshev remained a favorite of the future Russian monarch into the 1770s. An Imperial Russian Army officer during the Seven Years' War, Chernyshev retired in 1764, and would be ultimately promoted to General Field Marshal by Catherine II. At her appointment, Chernyshev led the College of War from 1764–1774, served as her governor-general of the Pskov and Mogilev Governorates, and was the mayor of Moscow until his death. Personal life Born a Russian count in 1722, Zakhar Grigoryevich Chernyshev (russian: text=Захаръ Григорьевичь Чернышевъ) was the older brother of Ivan and Andrei Chernyshev. By 1744, Chernyshev spoke Russian, French, and German. When Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
College Of War
The College of War (sometimes War Collegium, or similar, but not to be confused with other institutions of the same name) was a Russian executive body (or Collegium (ministry), collegium), created in the Government reform of Peter I, government reform of 1717. It was the only one of the six original and three later colleges to survive the decentralising reforms of Catherine II of Russia. Under Paul I of Russia, Paul I, it became the model for a newly centralised government. The College of War contained several functional departments which operated independently, but under the overall supervision of the college and its President; after 1798 there were to be seven sections. In 1802 it became the Ministry of War (Russia), Ministry of Land Forces, although this resulted in no fundamental change to the nature of the institution. History Peter the Great has established it by the decree, in 1719, was announced it establishing, following the example of foreign powers to control Imperial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirill Razumovski
Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovski, anglicized as Cyril Grigoryevich Razumovski (russian: Кирилл Григорьевич Разумовский, uk, Кирило Григорович Розумовський ''Kyrylo Hryhorovych Rozumovsky''; 18 March 1728 – 1 January 1803) was a Russian Imperial statesman of Ukrainian Cossack descent, who served as the last Hetman of Zaporozhian Host on both sides of the Dnieper (from 1750 until 1764) and then as a Field marshal in the Russian Imperial Army. Razumovsky was the President of the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences from 1746 until 1798. Biography Razumovsky was born to a family of low rank Cossack Hryhoriy Rozum in Lemeshi Russian Empire, Kiev Regiment on 18 March 1728.Putro, O. Kyrylo Rozumovsky (РОЗУМОВСЬКИЙ КИРИЛО ГРИГОРОВИЧ)'. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. The village Lemeshi where Razumovsky was born to this day stands in Chernihiv Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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