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Convoy HX 231
Convoy HX 231 was the 231st of the numbered series of Second World War HX convoys of merchant ships from HalifaX to Liverpool. The ships departed New York City on 25 March 1943 and were met on 31 March by Mid-Ocean Escort Force Group B-7. The convoy was found on 4 April and attacked by eleven U-boats of the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 10th U-boat flotillas, operating out of Brest, La Rochelle, St Nazaire Saint-Nazaire (; ; Gallo: ''Saint-Nazère/Saint-Nazaer'') is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France, in traditional Brittany. The town has a major harbour on the right bank of the Loire estuary, near the Atlantic Ocean. T ... and Lorient, respectively. These U-boats formed the wolfpack ''Löwenherz'' (Lionheart). The U-boats sank six ships before losing contact on 7 April. Two U-boats, U-632 and U-635, were sunk. Surviving ships from the convoy reached Liverpool on 10 April. Ships in the convoy References Bibliography * Further reading * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th U-boat Flotilla
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Esso Appalachee
''Esso Appalachee'' was a tanker that was built in 1942 as ''Empire Dickens'' by Furness Shipbuilding Co Ltd, Haverton Hill-on-Tees, County Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). In 1946, she was sold into merchant service and renamed ''Esso Appalachee'', serving until 1960, when she was scrapped. Description The ship was built in 1941 by Furness Shipbuilding Co Ltd, Haverton Hill-on-Tees. She was yard number 341. The ship was long, with a beam of . She had a depth of and a draught of . She was assessed at , . Her DWT was 14,852. She had capacity for of liquid cargo. The ship was propelled by a 674 nhp triple expansion steam engine, which had cylinders of , and diameter by stroke. The engine was built by Richardson Westgarth & Co Ltd, West Hartlepool. It drove a screw propeller and could propel the ship at . History ''Empire Dickens'' was built for the MoWT. Her keel was laid on 21 April 1941, She was launched on 14 February 1942 and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Empire Coleridge
''Empire Coleridge'' was a tanker which was built in 1942 by Sir J Laing & Sons Ltd, Sunderland for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). In 1946 she was sold into merchant service and renamed ''Esso Cheyenne''. She was scrapped in 1961. Description The ship was built by Sir J Laing & Sons Ltd, Sunderland. She was launched on 17 March 1942 and completed in May 1942. The ship was long, with a beam of and a depth of . She had a GRT of 9,793 and a NRT of 5,772. The ship was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine, which had cylinders of , and diameter by stroke. The engine was built by North East Marine Engine Co (1938) Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne. History ''Empire Coleridge'' was built for the MoWT. She was placed under the management of the Anglo-American Oil Co Ltd. Her port of registry was Sunderland. The Code Letters BDXQ and United Kingdom Official Number 169020 were allocated. ''Empire Coleridge'' was a member of a number of convoys during the Second World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Polar Chief
SS ''Polar Chief'' was a merchant steamship that was built in England in 1897 and scrapped in Scotland in 1952. In her 55-year career she had previously been called ''Montcalm'', RFA ''Crenella'', ''Crenella'', ''Rey Alfonso'', ''Anglo-Norse'' and ''Empire Chief''. Early in the First World War she spent eight months pretending to be the battleship . The ship was built in Newcastle upon Tyne as the cargo liner ''Montcalm''. In the First World War she was a troop ship, a dummy battleship and a depot ship, and then in 1916 was converted into the oil tanker ''Crenella''. She spent about 20 months in the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, survived being hit by a torpedo in 1917, and returned to civilian service in 1919. In 1923 she was sold to Norwegian buyers who renamed her ''Rey Alfonso'' and had her converted to carry whale oil. In 1927 she was sold back to UK owners who renamed her ''Anglo-Norse'' and had her equipped as a whaling factory ship. In 1929 new owners bought her and renamed he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Edwards (DD-265)
USS ''Edwards'' (DD-265) was a in the United States Navy and transferred to the Royal Navy where she served as HMS ''Buxton'' (H96) and later in the Royal Canadian Navy during World War II. Namesake William W. Edwards was born c. 1790 in Petersburg, Virginia. He was appointed a midshipman on 1 September 1811. In 1813 he was assigned to and was killed in the action with on 14 August 1813. Service history United States Navy ''Edwards'' was launched 10 October 1918 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Squantum, Massachusetts; sponsored by Miss Julia Edwards Noyes, whose great-grandfather was the uncle of Midshipman Edwards; and commissioned 24 April 1919 at Boston Navy Yard. In May 1919 ''Edwards'' carried spare parts for airplanes and seaplanes to St. John's, Newfoundland, as reserves for the historic first transatlantic seaplane flight made by Navy planes. She sailed from Boston, Massachusetts 28 May to report to Commander, U.S. Naval Forces in Europe, for d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Shipwrecks In April 1943
The list of shipwrecks in April 1943 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during April 1943. 1 April 2 April 3 April 4 April ''For the foundering of the British cargo ship ''Nagara'' on this day, see the entry for 29 March 1943.'' 5 April 6 April 7 April 8 April 9 April 10 April 11 April 12 April 13 April 14 April 15 April 16 April 17 April 18 April 19 April 20 April 21 April 22 April 23 April 24 April 25 April 26 April 27 April 28 April 29 April 30 April Unknown date References {{WWII shipwrecks 1943-04 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Flower-class Corvettes
This is a list of Flower-class corvettes and Modified Flower-class corvettes. It should be stressed that all ships were initially built for the British, Canadian, French and American navies, so that all mentions of other nations' navies refer to ships which were transferred to those countries later in their lives. Argentine Navy * ; ex-, USS ''Tact'', acquired from USA 1948, converted to anti-submarine warfare training ship, served until 1965, broken up 1970. * ; ex-''Gasestado'', , purchased 1954, converted to survey ship, in service 1955–1972, broken up 1973. Free Belgian Forces The Belgian Navy in exile operated two Flower-class corvettes under Royal Navy control between 1942 and 1944. * , in service Feb 1942 to Dec 1944. Returned to RN. * , in service April 1942 to Dec 1944. Transferred to RNoN. Chilean Navy * ; ex-, purchased from Canada 1946, used as survey ship, decommissioned 1966. * ; ex-, purchased from Canada 1946, decommissioned 1967. * ; ex-, purchased from Cana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Submarine U-635
German submarine ''U-635'' was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's ''Kriegsmarine'' for service during World War II. She was laid down on 3 October 1941 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as yard number 611, launched on 24 June 1942 and commissioned on 13 August 1942 under '' Oberleutnant zur See'' Heinz Eckelmann. Design German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. ''U-635'' had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two Brown, Boveri & Cie GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to . The submarine had a maximum surface speed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Submarine U-632
German submarine ''U-632'' was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's ''Kriegsmarine'' during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 4 September 1941 at the Blohm & Voss yard at Hamburg, launched on 27 May 1942, and commissioned on 23 July 1942 under the command of '' Oberleutnant zur See'' Hans Karpf. Attached to 5th U-boat Flotilla based at Kiel, ''U-632'' completed her training period on 31 December 1942 and was assigned to front-line service. Design German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. ''U-632'' had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorient
Lorient (; ) is a town (''Communes of France, commune'') and Port, seaport in the Morbihan Departments of France, department of Brittany (administrative region), Brittany in western France. History Prehistory and classical antiquity Beginning around 3000 BC, settlements in the area of Lorient are attested by the presence of Megalith, megalithic architecture. Ruins of Roman roads (linking Vannes to Quimper and Port-Louis, Morbihan, Port-Louis to Carhaix) confirm Gallo-Roman presence. Founding In 1664, Jean-Baptiste Colbert founded the French East Indies Company. In June 1666, an Ordonnance, ordinance of Louis XIV of France, Louis XIV granted lands of Port-Louis, Morbihan, Port-Louis to the company, along with Faouédic on the other side of the roadstead. One of its directors, Denis Langlois, bought lands at the confluence of the Scorff and the Blavet rivers, and built slipways. At first, it only served as a subsidiary of Port-Louis, where offices and warehouses were loc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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