|
Continuous-flow Manufacturing
Continuous-flow manufacturing, or repetitive-flow manufacturing, is an approach to discrete manufacturing that contrasts with batch production. It is associated with a just-in-time and kanban production approach, and calls for an ongoing examination and improvement efforts which ultimately requires integration of all elements of the production system. The goal is an optimally balanced production line with little waste, the lowest possible cost, on-time and defect-free production. This strategy is typically applied in discrete manufacturing as an attempt to handle production volumes comprising discrete units of product in a flow which is more naturally found in process manufacturing. The basic fact is that in most cases, discrete units of a solid product cannot be handled in the same way as continuous quantities of liquid, gas or powder. Discrete manufacturing is more likely to be performed in batches of product units that are routed from process to process in the factory. E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discrete Manufacturing
Discrete manufacturing is the production of items that are distinct from one another. Examples of discrete manufacturing products are automobiles, furniture, smartphones, and airplanes. The resulting products are easily identifiable and differ greatly from process manufacturing where the products are undifferentiated, for example oil, natural gas and salt. Discrete manufacturing is often characterized by individual or separate unit production. Units can be produced in low volume with very high complexity or high volumes of low complexity. Low volume/high complexity production results in the need for a flexible manufacturing system that can improve quality and time-to-market speed while cutting costs. High volume/low complexity production puts high premiums on inventory controls, lead times and reducing or limiting materials costs and waste. Industry Profile - Discrete Manufacturing includes makers of consumer electronics, computer and accessories, appliances, and other house ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batch Production
Batch production is a method of manufacturing in which products are made as specified groups or amounts, within a time frame. A batch can go through a series of steps in a large manufacturing process to make the final desired product. Batch production is used for many types of manufacturing that may need smaller amounts of production at a time to ensure specific quality standards or changes in the process. This is opposed to large mass production Mass production, also known as mass production, series production, series manufacture, or continuous production, is the production of substantial amounts of standardized products in a constant flow, including and especially on assembly lines ... or continuous production methods, where the product or process does not need to be checked or changed as frequently or periodically. Characteristics In the manufacturing batch production process, the machines are in chronological order directly related to the manufacturing process. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Just In Time (business)
Lean manufacturing is a methods of production, method of manufacturing goods aimed primarily at reducing times within the Operations management#Production systems, production system as well as response times from suppliers and customers. It is closely related to another concept called just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing in short). Just-in-time manufacturing tries to match production to Supply and demand, demand by only supplying goods that have been ordered and focus on efficiency, productivity (with a commitment to continuous improvement), and reduction of "wastes" for the producer and supplier of goods. Lean manufacturing adopts the just-in-time approach and additionally focuses on reducing Cycle time variation, cycle, flow, and Throughput (business), throughput times by further eliminating activities that do not add any Value (economics), value for the customer. Lean manufacturing also involves people who work outside of the manufacturing process, such as in marketi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanban
Kanban ( meaning signboard) is a scheduling system for lean manufacturing (also called just-in-time manufacturing, abbreviated JIT). Taiichi Ohno, an industrial engineer at Toyota, developed kanban to improve manufacturing efficiency. The system takes its name from the cards that track production within a factory. Kanban is also known as the ''Toyota nameplate system'' in the automotive industry. A goal of the kanban system is to limit the buildup of excess inventory at any point in production. Limits on the number of items waiting at supply points are established and then reduced as inefficiencies are identified and removed. Whenever a limit is exceeded, this points to an inefficiency that should be addressed. In kanban, problem areas are highlighted by measuring lead time and cycle time of the full process and process steps. One of the main benefits of kanban is to establish an upper limit to work in process (commonly referred as "WIP") inventory to avoid overcapacity. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Process Manufacturing
Process manufacturing is a branch of manufacturing that is associated with formulas and manufacturing recipes,Difference Between Discrete and Process Manufacturing BatchMaster Blog. and can be contrasted with discrete manufacturing, which is concerned with discrete units, bills of materials and the assembly of components. Process manufacturing is also referred to as a 'process industry' which is defined as an industry, such as the chemical or petrochemical industry, that is concerned with the processing of bulk resources into other products. Process manufacturing is common [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muda (Japanese Term)
is a Japanese word meaning "futility", "uselessness", or "wastefulness", and is a key concept in lean process thinking such as in the Toyota Production System (TPS), denoting one of three types of deviation from optimal allocation of resources. The other types are known by the Japanese terms '' mura'' ("unevenness") and '' muri'' ("overload"). Waste in this context refers to the wasting of time or resources rather than wasteful by-products and should not be confused with waste reduction. From an end-customer's point of view, value-added work is any activity that produces goods or provides a service for which a customer is willing to pay; ''muda'' is any constraint or impediment that causes waste to occur. There are two types of muda: * ''Muda'' type I: non value-adding, but necessary for end-customers. These are usually harder to eliminate because while classified as non-value adding, they may still be necessary. * ''Muda'' type II: non value-adding and unnecessary for end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lean Manufacturing
Lean manufacturing is a methods of production, method of manufacturing goods aimed primarily at reducing times within the Operations management#Production systems, production system as well as response times from suppliers and customers. It is closely related to another concept called just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing in short). Just-in-time manufacturing tries to match production to Supply and demand, demand by only supplying goods that have been ordered and focus on efficiency, productivity (with a commitment to continuous improvement), and reduction of "wastes" for the producer and supplier of goods. Lean manufacturing adopts the just-in-time approach and additionally focuses on reducing Cycle time variation, cycle, flow, and Throughput (business), throughput times by further eliminating activities that do not add any Value (economics), value for the customer. Lean manufacturing also involves people who work outside of the manufacturing process, such as in marketi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Changeover
In manufacturing, changeovers are also called "changeover times", which is the time and process it takes to convert a machine from making one product, to a different product. Its the time between one product being finished, and a new product beginning. Changeover times are very versatile, ranging from minutes to months. Changeover happens where time and processes take place to remove old products and materials from the manufacturing line. Then time is taken to set up new materials and equipment for the new product the manufacturing facility is changing over to. Adjustments are then done after the new equipment is started to ensure the new product is being properly assembled. The Process of Changeover The process of changeover usually involves paying close attention to the tools needed for a machine to make specific parts of a product and ridding a machine of parts not needed for the new product being manufactured. A team will measure changeover time by keeping tabs on the time a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single-minute Exchange Of Die
Single-minute digit exchange of die (SMED) is one of the many lean production methods for reducing inefficiencies in a manufacturing process. It provides a rapid and efficient way of converting a manufacturing process from running the current product to running the next product. This is key to reducing production lot sizes, and reducing uneven flow ( Mura), production loss, and output variability. The phrase "single minute" does not mean that all changeovers and startups should only take ''one'' minute, rather, it should take less than 10 minutes ("single-digit minute"). A closely associated yet more difficult concept is one-touch exchange of die (OTED), which says changeovers can and should take less than 100 seconds. A die is a tool used in manufacturing. However, SMED's utility is not limited to manufacturing (see value stream mapping). History Frederick Winslow Taylor analyzed non-value-adding parts of setups in his 1911 book, ''Shop Management'' (page 171). However, he did ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demand Flow Technology
Demand flow technology (DFT) is a strategy for defining and deploying business processes in a flow, driven in response to customer demand. DFT is based on a set of applied mathematical tools that are used to connect processes in a flow and link it to daily changes in demand. DFT represents a scientific approach to flow manufacturing for discrete production. It is built on principles of demand pull where customer demand is the central signal to guide factory and office activity in the daily operation. DFT is intended to provide an alternative to schedule-push manufacturing which primarily uses a sales plan and forecast to determine a production schedule. History It was created by John R. Costanza, an executive with operations management experience at Hewlett Packard and Johnson & Johnson. Costanza, who was later nominated as a Nobel Laureate in Economics for Working Capital Management, founded the John Costanza Institute of Technology in Englewood, CO in 1984 to provide consult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Production Planning And Control
Production planning is the planning of production and manufacturing modules in a company or industry. It utilizes the resource allocation of activities of employees, materials and production capacity, in order to serve different customers.Fargher, Hugh E., and Richard A. Smith. "Method and system for production planning." U.S. Patent No. 5,586,021. 17 Dec. 1996. Different types of production methods, such as single item manufacturing, batch production, mass production, continuous production etc. have their own type of production planning. Production planning can be combined with production control into production planning and control, or it can be combined with enterprise resource planning. Overview Production planning is the future of production. It can help in efficient manufacturing or setting up of a production site by facilitating required needs. A production plan is made periodically for a specific time period, called the planning horizon. It can comprise the following a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
