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Constantin Titel Petrescu
Constantin Titel Petrescu (5 February 1888 – 2 September 1957) was a Romanian politician and lawyer. He was the leader of the Romanian Social Democratic Party. He was born in Craiova, the son of an employee of the National Bank in Bucharest. After completing high school at Saint Sava College in 1903, he studied Philosophy and Law at the University of Bucharest, earning a J.D. degree. After auditing some penal law courses at Sorbonne University in Paris, he returned to Bucharest and registered in 1911 with the Ilfov County Bar as a defense lawyer. He defended before the Ilfov Court socialist militant Alexandru Nicolau, who was eventually acquitted by the jury. In 1923, Petrescu stood trial for alleged insults addressed to the Romanian Army; with the help of a defense team that included Dem I. Dobrescu, he was acquitted. That same year, he joined Constantin Rădulescu-Motru, Virgil Madgearu, Constantin Costa-Foru, Victor Eftimiu, Grigore Iunian, Radu D. Rosetti, Dem Do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craiova
Craiova (, also , ), is Romania's 6th Cities in Romania, largest city and capital of Dolj County, and situated near the east bank of the river Jiu River, Jiu in central Oltenia. It is a longstanding political center, and is located at approximately equal distances from the Southern Carpathians (north) and the Danube, River Danube (south). Craiova is the chief commercial city west of Bucharest and the most important city of Oltenia. The city prospered as a regional trading centre despite an earthquake in 1790, a plague in 1795, and a Ottoman Empire, Turkish assault in 1802 during which it was burned. Eight villages are administered by the city: Făcăi, Mofleni, Popoveni, Șimnicu de Jos, Cernele, Cernelele de Sus, Izvoru Rece, and Rovine. The last four were a separate commune called ''Cernele'' until 1996, when they were merged into the city. Etymology and names There are two possible etymologies for Craiova: Common Slavonic, Old Slavonic ''wikt:kral, kral'' ("king"), which has be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandru Nicolau
Alexandru Nicolau (russian: Александр Александрович Николау, translit=Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Nikolau; January 1889 – September 27, 1937) was a Romanian lawyer, socialist and later communist activist. Active in the Romanian and French socialist movements before and during World War I, he left for Russia during the 1917 Revolutions. There, he became one of the organisers of Romanian volunteer detachments in support of the Soviets. Arrested shortly after returning to Romania in 1920, he left for Soviet Russia after a successful prison escape. During the later part of his life he held teaching positions at several Soviet universities, before falling victim to the Great Purge in 1937. His name was posthumously rehabilitated both in the Soviet Union and in his native Romania. Biography Early life and activity Nicolau was born in Bucharest in 1889. As a student at the Saint Sava High School, he befriended Constantin Titel Petrescu and Mihail Cruceanu, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ion I
An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convention. The net charge of an ion is not zero because its total number of electrons is unequal to its total number of protons. A cation is a positively charged ion with fewer electrons than protons while an anion is a negatively charged ion with more electrons than protons. Opposite electric charges are pulled towards one another by electrostatic force, so cations and anions attract each other and readily form ionic compounds. Ions consisting of only a single atom are termed atomic or monatomic ions, while two or more atoms form molecular ions or polyatomic ions. In the case of physical ionization in a fluid (gas or liquid), "ion pairs" are created by spontaneous molecule collisions, where each generated pair consists of a free electron and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)
The National Liberal Party ( ro, Partidul Național Liberal, PNL) was the first organised political party in Romania, a major force in the country's politics from its foundation in 1875 to World War II. Established in order to represent the interests of the nascent local bourgeoisie, until World War I it contested power with the Conservative Party, supported primarily by wealthy landowners, effectively creating a two-party system in a political system which severely limited the representation of the peasant majority through census suffrage. Unlike its major opponent, the PNL managed to preserve its prominence after the implementation of universal male suffrage, playing an important role in shaping the institutional framework of ''Greater Romania'' during the 1920s. History Dominated throughout its existence by the Brătianu family, the party was periodically affected by strong factionalism. Among the many splits during the party's early history a notable one was that led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights
Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of PhilosophyHuman Rights Retrieved 14 August 2014 for certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected in municipal and international law. They are commonly understood as inalienable,The United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner of Human RightsWhat are human rights? Retrieved 14 August 2014 fundamental rights "to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being" and which are "inherent in all human beings",Burns H. Weston, 20 March 2014, Encyclopædia Britannicahuman rights Retrieved 14 August 2014. regardless of their age, ethnic origin, location, language, religion, ethnicity, or any other status. They are applicable everywhere and at every time in the sense of being universal, and they are egalitarian in the sense of being the same for everyone. They are reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantin Mille
Constantin Mille (; December 21, 1861 – February 20, 1927) was a Romanian journalist, novelist, poet, lawyer, and socialist militant, as well as a prominent human rights activist. A Marxist for much of his life, Mille was noted for his vocal support of peasant emancipation, for his early involvement with the Romanian Social Democratic Workers' Party (PSDMR), and his presence at the head of several magazines, culminating in his association with the moderate left-wing newspapers ''Adevărul'' and '' Dimineaţa''. After serving as an independent member of the Chamber of Deputies for one mandate (1899-1903), he aligned his views with those of Take Ionescu, and became a supporter of Romania's entry into World War I alongside the Entente Powers. In addition to his political career, Mille was the author of two autobiographical novels (''Dinu Millian'', 1884, and ''O viaţă'', 1914). Biography Early life and literature Born in Iaşi, he later indicated, in his ''Dinu Millian'' (writ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolae L
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Nicolae may refer to: * Nicolae (name), a Romanian name * ''Nicolae'' (novel), a 1997 novel See also *Nicolai (other) *Nicolao Nicolao is an Italian given name and a surname. It may refer to the following: Given name *Nicolao Civitali (1482 - after 1560), Italian sculptor and architect *Nicolao Colletti (18th century), Italian mathematician *Nicolao Dorati (c. 1513 – 159 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radu D
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Radu may refer to: People * Radu (given name), Romanian masculine given name * Radu (surname), Romanian surname * Rulers of Wallachia, see * Prince Radu of Romania (born 1960), disputed pretender to the former Romanian throne Other uses * Radu (weapon), a Romanian radiological weapon * Radu, Iran (other), multiple places * A tributary of the Mraconia in Mehedinți County, Romania * A tributary of the Tarcău in Neamț County, Romania * Radu Vladislas, a fictional vampire and the primary antagonist of the '' Subspecies'' film series See also * Radu Negru (other) * Radu Vodă (other) * * Ruda (other) Ruda may refer to: Islands * Ruda (island), Croatian island in the Elaphiti Archipelago Rivers * Ruda (river), a river in Croatia, tributary of the Cetina river * Ruda (Narew), a river in Poland, tributary of the Narew * Ruda (Oder), a river ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigore Iunian
Grigore Iunian (September 30, 1882 – 1939) was a Romanian left-wing politician and lawyer. A member of the National Liberal Party (PNL) during the 1910s, he rallied with the Peasants' Party (PȚ) after World War I, and followed it into the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ), before leaving in 1933 to create the Radical Peasants' Party (PȚR), over which he presided until his death. Biography Born in Târgu Jiu, Iunian was the son of a lawyer.Xeni, p.48 He studied law at the University of Bucharest, and joined the bar association after first entering politics with the PNL and being elected to the Chamber of Deputies. According to the politician and memoirist Constantin Xeni, "Gr. Iunian had ten years of fame in law practice. He honored the bar, and his memory deserves to live on. Among his contemporaries, between 1925 and 1938, there surely were more distinguished lawyers. But Iunian was not just a lawyer, not just a diligent jurist in studying the case and conscious in his e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Eftimiu
Victor Eftimiu (; 24 January 1889 – 27 November 1972) was a Romanian poet and playwright. He was a contributor to ''Sburătorul'', a Romanian literary magazine. His works have been performed in the State Jewish Theater of Romania. Eftimiu was of Albanian origin, but also had Aromanian descent through his father Gheorghe Eftimiu, a merchant. Eftimiu's mother was Maria Eftimiu, née Cociu. Victor Eftimiu was born in Boboshticë near Korçë. In 1905, he emigrated from Albania to Romania, where he found work as a theatre manager in 1913. He published several books of poetry, and wrote comedies and satirical pieces for the theatre. He also wrote a volume of Romanian fairy tales, and several children's books. He wrote also criticisms and articles for numerous magazines. He died in 1972 and was buried at Bellu Cemetery. Eftimiu lived in a house next to the Cișmigiu Gardens, in central Bucharest. The street where the house is located is named after him; a , sculpted by Di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantin Costa-Foru
Constantin Gheorghe Costa-Foru (26 October 1856 - 15 August 1935) was a Romanian journalist, lawyer and human rights activist. He was born in Bucharest on 26 October 1956, in a wealthy family. His father, Gheorghe Costa-Foru (1820–1876), was a noted politician, twice minister, and the first rector of University of Bucharest. The family had Aromanian origins, being originally from the city of Larissa, in Thessaly. In 1740 they had settled in Bucharest, where they amassed considerable wealth, building a mansion in Popești-Leordeni and summer residence was in Berca. Costa-Foru studied in Heidelberg, then at Collège "Sainte-Barbe" in Paris, and around 1872 in Dresden. After finishing his studies he returned to Paris, where he married with Maria Ion Paspatti (1872–1935) on 26 June 1893. The couple had 10 children. Constantin Costa-Foru was a vocal supporter of human rights, and accused the growing antisemitism in the post-World War I Romania. On one occasion he was attacke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virgil Madgearu
Virgil Traian N. Madgearu (; December 14, 1887 – November 27, 1940) was a Romanian economist, sociologist, and left-wing politician, prominent member and main theorist of the Peasants' Party and of its successor, the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ). He had an important activity as an essayist and journalist, being for long a member on the editorial board for the influential '' Viaţa Românească''. Madgearu was a prominent opponent of the National Liberal Party for much of his life, developing an original theory that challenged both Liberal tenets and Marxian economics, proposing measures to enhance the political and economic roles of Romanian peasants. In his later years, he was involved in anti-fascist causes, and was one of several politicians to be assassinated by the Iron Guard. Biography Born in Galaţi to an Armenian-Romanian family, he studied economics at the University of Leipzig and spent time in London training in banking. In 1911, he was awarded a doctorate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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