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Columbian is the adjective form of Columbia. It may refer to: Buildings * The Columbian Theatre, a music hall in northeastern Kansas * The Columbian (Chicago), a building in Illinois Published works * ''The Columbian'', a daily newspaper published in Vancouver, Washington, U.S. * ''Olympia Pioneer and Democrat'', the first newspaper published in what is now the state of Washington, was known in its first two years (1852-53) as ''The Columbian''. * ''The Columbian Orator'', a collection of political essays, poems, and dialogues first published in 1797 * ''Columbian Magazine'', a monthly magazine published from 1786 to 1792 Transportation * ''Columbian'' (B&O train), a passenger train operated by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad until 1971 * ''Columbian'' (MILW train), a passenger train which operated from 1911 to 1955 * Sternwheeler ''Columbian'' disaster, a sternwheeler lost in the worst accident in the Yukon River's history in 1906 Other uses * Columbian (typography), a name f ...
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Columbian Issue
The Columbian Issue, also known as the Columbians, is a set of 16 postage stamps issued by the United States to commemorate the World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago during 1893. The finely-engraved stamps were the first commemorative stamps issued by the United States, depicting various events during the career of Christopher Columbus and are presently much valued by collectors. History The Columbian stamps were supplied by the American Banknote Company, which had a four-year contract for the production of United States postage stamps beginning December 1, 1889. However, where previous contracts had required printing companies to provide designs and plates at their own expense for any new stamps required by the Post Office, the 1889 contract specified that the Post Office would pay those costs. Indeed, Postmaster John Wanamaker (of department store fame) executed a new contract with American Banknote specifically for the Columbian stamps without any competitive bidding pr ...
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World's Columbian Exposition
The World's Columbian Exposition (also known as the Chicago World's Fair) was a world's fair held in Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ... in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492. The centerpiece of the Fair, held in Jackson Park (Chicago), Jackson Park, was a large water pool representing the voyage Columbus took to the New World. Chicago had won the right to host the fair over several other cities, including New York City, Washington, D.C., and St. Louis. The exposition was an influential social and cultural event and had a profound effect on American Architecture of the United States, architecture, the arts, American industrial optimism, and Chicago's image. The layout of the Chicago Columbian E ...
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Colombina (other)
Colombina is a stock character and Harlequin's mistress Colombina may also refer to: * Colombina Parra (born 1970), Chilean musician * Colombina, a fictional character from ''Pinocchio'' (2019 film) * Institución Colombina (Colombina Institute), Seville, Spain; an administrative unit of several libraries and archives ** La Colombina, a library administered by the institute * ''La Colombina'', a band founded by Josep Cabré * Colombina, the dove-shaped rocket traditionally fired in Florence, Italy; see Traditions of Italy See also * * Columbina (other) * Columbine (other) * Columbian (other) * Columbiana (other) * Columbia (other) * Columbiad (other) * Colombine (other) * Colombino (other) * Colombian (other) * Colombiana (other) * Colombia (other) Colombia is a country in northwestern South America. Colombia may also refer to: Former nations * Gran Colombia, a former ...
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Colombiana (other)
''Colombiana'' is a 2011 French-American action film. Colombiana may also refer to: * Colombiana (cola) * Compañía Colombiana Automotriz, an automobile manufacturing company * Pleurothallis or ''Colombiana'', a genus of orchids See also * Colombia (other) * Colombian (other) * Columbia (other) * Columbian (other) * Columbiana (other) Columbiana may refer to: Taxonomy In botany: * ''Arctostaphylos columbiana'' or hairy manzanita, a plant species native to North America * ''Calatola columbiana'', a species of plant in the family Icacinaceae endemic to Colombia * '' Clematis colu ...
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Colombian (other)
Colombian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Colombia * Colombians, persons from Colombia, or of Colombian descent **For more information about the Colombian people, see: *** Demographics of Colombia *** Indigenous peoples in Colombia, Native Colombians *** Colombian American ** For specific persons, see List of Colombians * Colombian Spanish, one of the languages spoken in Colombia ** See also languages of Colombia * Colombian culture * Colombian sheep, a sheep breed See also * * * Christopher Columbus (1451–1506), Italian explorer after which Colombia was named * Coffee production in Colombia * Colombia (other) * Colombiana (other) * Colombina (other) * Colombino (other) * Colombine (other) * Columbia (other) * Columbiad (other) * Columbian (other) * Columbiana (other) * Columbine (other) * Columbina (other) Columbina is a stock charact ...
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Colombia (other)
Colombia is a country in northwestern South America. Colombia may also refer to: Former nations * Gran Colombia, a former nation, officially the Republic of Colombia, 1819–31 * United States of Colombia, a former name for Colombia, 1863–86 Cities, towns, and communities * Colômbia, a city in São Paulo, Brazil * Colombia, Cuba, a municipality in Las Tunas, Cuba * Colombia, Huila, a city and municipality in Colombia * Colombia, Nuevo León, a planned community in Mexico Other uses * Colombia (Madrid Metro), a station on Line 8 and 9 * Miss Colombia (other), a beauty pageant title See also * Columbia (other) * * * Colombian (other) * Colombiana (other) * Colombo (other) * Columbian (other) * Columbiana (other) * Columbus (other) Columbus is a Latinized version of the Italian surname "''Colombo''". It most commonly refers to: * Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), the Italian explorer * Columbus, Oh ...
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Columbine (other)
Columbine may refer to: Places * Columbine, Colorado, a census-designate place in Jefferson and Arapahoe counties in Colorado, United States ** Columbine High School, a high school in Columbine, Colorado, United States *** Columbine Memorial, a memorial in Columbine, Colorado, United States, commemorating the Columbine High School massacre * Columbine, Routt County, Colorado, an unincorporated community and historic district in Routt County, Colorado, United States * Columbine Peak, a mountain in California Massacres * Columbine High School massacre, a 1999 school shooting in Columbine, Colorado * Columbine Mine massacre, occurring during a 1927 strike by coal miners Arts, entertainment, and media Fictitious characters * Columbine (the commedia dell'arte) or Columbina, a stock character in the ''Commedia dell'arte'' * Columbine, a stock character in ''Harlequinade'' Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media * ''Columbine'' (album), an album by Aura Dione * ''Columbine'' ( ...
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Columbina (other)
Columbina is a stock character and Harlequin's mistress Columbina may also refer to: * Columbina (bird), a genus of dove * Columbina Rural Service Center (or Columbina Township), Zhombe, Kwekwe, Midlands, Zimbabwe; a township * ''Flora'' (Francesco Melzi) also called ''La Columbina''; a 1520 painting by Francesco Melzi See also * * Colombina (other) * Colombine (other) * Colombian (other) * Colombiana (other) * Colombia (other) * Columbine (other) * Columbian (other) * Columbiana (other) * Columbia (other) * Columbiad (other) A columbiad is a type of gun from the 19th century, a large-caliber muzzle-loading cannon capable of firing at low and high angles Columbiad may also refer to: Arts and entertainment * '' The Columbiad'', an epic poem about the founding of the Uni ...
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Columbiana (other)
Columbiana may refer to: Taxonomy In botany: * ''Arctostaphylos columbiana'' or hairy manzanita, a plant species native to North America * ''Calatola columbiana'', a species of plant in the family Icacinaceae endemic to Colombia * '' Clematis columbiana'', a species of flowering plant in the buttercup genus ''Clematis'' * '' Crataegus columbiana'', a species of hawthorn plant native to North America * '' Lewisia columbiana'' or Columbian lewisia, a species of flowering plant in the purslane family * ''Wolffia columbiana'' or Columbian watermeal, a perennial aquatic plant in the duckweed family In zoology: * ''Columbiana'' (planthopper), a genus of planthoppers in the subfamily Delphacinae *'' Dictyna columbiana'', a Dictynidae species of spider *'' Nucifraga columbiana'' or Clark's nutcracker, a species of passerine bird in the family Corvidae *'' Sicalis columbiana'' or orange-fronted yellow-finch, a species of bird in the family Emberizidae *'' Xylophanes columbiana'', a speci ...
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Columbiad (other)
A columbiad is a type of gun from the 19th century, a large-caliber muzzle-loading cannon capable of firing at low and high angles Columbiad may also refer to: Arts and entertainment * '' The Columbiad'', an epic poem about the founding of the United States of America * ''Columbiad'', the fictional astronaut-launching space gun created by Jules Verne for ''From the Earth to the Moon'' * ''Columbiad'' (ballet), a ballet that debuted in 1939 * "Columbiad" (short story), a 1996 science fiction story by Stephen Baxter, republished in 1997 in '' Year's Best SF 2'' multi-author anthology collection, and in 1998 in Stephen Baxter's anthology collection ''Traces'' (book) Other uses * ''Columbiad'' (spacecraft), the informal name of the Apollo 8 space capsule * ''Columbiad'' (journal), A Quarterly Review of the War Between the States 997 to 2000 - 13 issues See also * * Columbia (other) * Columbian (other) * Columbiana (other) * Columbine (other) * C ...
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Pre-Columbian Era
In the history of the Americas, the pre-Columbian era spans from the Migration to the New World, original settlement of North and South America in the Upper Paleolithic period through European colonization of the Americas, European colonization, which began with Christopher Columbus's voyage of 1492. Usually, the era covers the history of Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous cultures until significant influence by Europeans. This may have occurred decades or even centuries after Columbus for certain cultures. Many pre-Columbian civilizations were marked by permanent settlements, cities, agriculture, civic and monumental architecture, major earthworks (archaeology), earthworks, and Complex society, complex societal hierarchies. Some of these civilizations had long faded by the time of the first permanent European colonies (c. late 16th–early 17th centuries), and are known only through archaeology of the Americas, archaeological investigations and oral history. Other civi ...
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British Columbia
British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include rocky coastlines, sandy beaches, forests, lakes, mountains, inland deserts and grassy plains, and borders the province of Alberta to the east and the Yukon and Northwest Territories to the north. With an estimated population of 5.3million as of 2022, it is Canada's third-most populous province. The capital of British Columbia is Victoria and its largest city is Vancouver. Vancouver is the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada; the 2021 census recorded 2.6million people in Metro Vancouver. The first known human inhabitants of the area settled in British Columbia at least 10,000 years ago. Such groups include the Coast Salish, Tsilhqotʼin, and Haida peoples, among many others. One of the earliest British settlements in the area was Fort Victoria, established ...
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