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Colombian–Peruvian Territorial Dispute
The Colombian–Peruvian territorial dispute was a territorial dispute between Colombia and Peru, which, until 1916, also included Ecuador.Ecuador and Colombia signed the Muñoz Vernaza-Suárez Treaty in 1916, ending their dispute. The dispute had its origins on each country's interpretation of what ''Real Cedulas'' (Royal Proclamations) Spain used to precisely define its possessions in the Americas. After Spanish American wars of independence, independence, all of Spain's former territories signed and agreed to proclaim their limits in the basis of the principle of ''uti possidetis juris'', which regarded the Spanish borders of 1810 as the borders of the new republics. However, conflicting claims and disagreements between the newly formed countries eventually escalated to the point of armed conflicts on several occasions. The dispute between both states ended in the aftermath of the Colombia–Peru War, which led to the signing of the Rio Protocol (1934), Rio Protocol two years la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South American Territorial Disputes
The South American territorial disputes are the territorial disputes and litigations that have developed in South America since the aftermath of the continent's wars of independence, which have shaped the current political geography of the region. These conflicts have been resolved through both military and diplomatic means. The most recent conflict in the Americas of this nature was the Cenepa War in 1995, between Ecuador and Peru. History 18th century conflicts *Guaraní War (1753–1756): Armed conflict involving the Guarani tribes of the Jesuit missions against Spanish and Portuguese troops, as a consequence of the Treaty of Madrid, which defined a demarcation line between Spanish and Portuguese colonial territory in South America. The established boundary was demarcated by the Uruguay River, with Portugal owning the territory to the east of the river and Spain to the west. With this, the seven Jesuit missions east of the Uruguay River, known as the '' Misiones Orientales'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Kingdom Of Granada
The New Kingdom of Granada ( es, Nuevo Reino de Granada), or Kingdom of the New Granada, was the name given to a group of 16th-century Spanish colonial provinces in northern South America governed by the president of the Royal Audience of Santafé, an area corresponding mainly to modern-day Colombia. The conquistadors originally organized it as a province with a Royal Audience within the Viceroyalty of Peru despite certain independence from it. The was established by the crown in 1549. Ultimately the kingdom became the Viceroyalty of New Granada first in 1717 and permanently in 1739. After several attempts to set up independent states in the 1810s, the kingdom and the viceroyalty ceased to exist altogether in 1819 with the establishment of the United Provinces of New Granada. History Discovery and settlement In 1514, the Spanish first permanently settled in the area. With Santa Marta (founded on July 29, 1525 by the Spanish ''conquistador'' Rodrigo de Bastidas) and Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gran Colombia
Gran Colombia (, "Great Colombia"), or Greater Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish language, Spanish: ''República de Colombia''), was a state that encompassed much of northern South America and part of southern Central America from 1819 to 1831. It included present-day Colombia, mainland Ecuador (i.e. excluding the Galápagos Islands), Panama, and Venezuela, along with parts of northern Peru, northwestern Brazil, and Guayana Esequiba, Part of Guyana. The terms Gran Colombia and Greater Colombia are used historiography, historiographically to distinguish it from the current Colombia, Republic of Colombia, which is also the official name of the former state. However, Diplomatic recognition, international recognition of the legitimacy of the Gran Colombian state ran afoul of European opposition to the independence of states in the Americas. Austria, France, and Russia only recognized independence in the Americas if the new states accepted monarchs from European ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protectorate Of Peru
The Protectorate of Peru ( es, Protectorado del Perú, italic=yes), also known as the Protectorate of San Martín ( es, Protectorado de San Martín, italic=yes) was a protectorate created in 1821 in present-day Peru after its declaration of independence from the Spanish Empire. The protectorate existed for one year and 17 days under the rule of José de San Martín and Argentina. Peruvian War of Independence The Peruvian War of Independence was a series of military conflicts in Peru which began with José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa’s military reconquest of several territories in the 1811 Battle of Guaqui. This was followed by the defeat of the Spanish Army in the 1824 Battle of Ayacucho, and ended in 1826 with the siege of Callao. Wars of independence also took place after the 1780–1781 uprising by indigenous leader Túpac Amaru II and the earlier removal of the Upper Peru and Río de la Plata regions from the Viceroyalty of Peru. The viceroy often had the support of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castell
A ''castell'' () is a human tower built traditionally at festivals in Catalonia, the Balearic islands and the Valencian Community. At these festivals, several ''colles castelleres'' (teams that build towers) attempt to build and dismantle a tower's structure. On 16 November 2010, ''castells'' were declared by UNESCO to be amongst the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Origin Although based on the earlier traditional Muixeranga of Algemesí in Valencia, the tradition of ''castells'' within Catalonia originated in the ''Ball dels Valencians'' (Valencian Dance) in Valls, near the city of Tarragona, first documented in 1712. Over the course of the 18th century, they spread to other towns and cities in the area, including Vilafranca del Penedès and Tarragona, though it was not until the last 50 years that the practice of building ''castells'' began to spread to the rest of Catalonia. Interest in castells began to grow in the 1960s and 1970s. In the 1980 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Province Of Guayaquil
The Free Province of Guayaquil was a South American state that emerged between 1820 and 1822 with the independence of the province of Guayaquil from the Spanish monarchy. The free province had a provisional government and constitution until its annexation by Gran Colombia in 1822. Its successor was the Department of Guayaquil forming part of Gran Colombia. The Spanish province of Guayaquil was separated from the Viceroyalty of Peru and in those days it only depended legally on the court of the Real Audiencia de Quito. About a decade later the Departments of Guayaquil, Azuay and Ecuador separate from Gran Colombia forming the current Ecuador. The Free Province of Guayaquil included the same territories as the Government of Guayaquil in the Spanish colony, including land from Esmeraldas to the north and to Tumbes to the south, and between the Pacific Ocean to the west and the foothills of the Andes mountain range to the east. It encompassed a large part of the Ecuadorian coas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guayaquil
, motto = Por Guayaquil Independiente en, For Independent Guayaquil , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Ecuador#South America , pushpin_relief = 1 , pushpin_map_caption = , pushpin_mapsize = , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Ecuador , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = Guayas , subdivision_type2 = Canton , subdivision_name2 = Guayaquil , established_title = Spanish foundation , established_date = , founder = Francisco de Orellana , named_for = Guayas and Quil , established_title2 = Independence , established_date2 = , parts_type = Urban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Independencia Del Perú
LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second largest city in the United States. La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * La (musical note), or A, the sixth note * "L.A.", a song by Elliott Smith on ''Figure 8'' (album) * ''L.A.'' (EP), by Teddy Thompson * ''L.A. (Light Album)'', a Beach Boys album * "L.A." (Neil Young song), 1973 * The La's, an English rock band * L.A. Reid, a prominent music producer * Yung L.A., a rapper * Lady A, an American country music trio * "L.A." (Amy Macdonald song), 2007 * "La", a song by Australian-Israeli singer-songwriter Old Man River Other media * l(a, a poem by E. E. Cummings * La (Tarzan), fictional queen of the lost city of Opar (Tarzan) * ''Lá'', later known as Lá Nua, an Irish language newspaper * La7, an Italian television channel * LucasArts, an American video game developer and publisher * Liber Annuus, academic journal Business, organizations, and government agencies * L.A. Screenings, a te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greenwood Publishing Group
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG), also known as ABC-Clio/Greenwood (stylized ABC-CLIO/Greenwood), is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-Clio. Established in 1967 as Greenwood Press, Inc. and based in Westport, Connecticut, GPG publishes reference works under its Greenwood Press imprint, and scholarly, professional, and general interest books under its related imprint, Praeger Publishers (). Also part of GPG is Libraries Unlimited, which publishes professional works for librarians and teachers. History 1967–1999 The company was founded as Greenwood Press, Inc. in 1967 by Harold Mason, a librarian and antiquarian bookseller, and Harold Schwartz who had a background in trade publishing. Based in Greenwood, New York, the company initially focused on reprinting out-of-print works, particularly titles listed in the American Library Association's first edition of ''Books for College Libraries'' (1967), un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universidad Del Pacífico (Peru)
Universidad del Pacifico (UP) is a private university in the Jesús María District of Lima, Peru. It was established in 1962 by a group of Peruvian entrepreneurs supported by the Society of Jesus. Ranked as the most prestigious higher education institution in its fields of specialization in Peru (especially in economics), it’s also one of the leading institutions of its kind in Latin American and is the first Peruvian university to be AACSB accredited in both undergraduate and graduate degree programs. It’s also AMBA accredited. Administration The Society of Jesus co-founded the university and made the administrative and academic decisions necessary to establish it. Jesuits continue to make strategic decisions for UP, which is a member of the Association of Universities Entrusted to the Society of Jesus in Latin America – twenty-eight universities in fifteen countries of Latin America. The Society of Jesus together with the Board ensures compliance with principles behin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecuadorian–Peruvian Territorial Dispute
The Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute was a territorial dispute between Ecuador and Peru, which, until 1928, also included Colombia.Ecuador and Colombia signed the Muñoz Vernaza-Suárez Treaty in 1916, ending their dispute, while Peru and Colombia's Salomon-Lozano Treaty became effective in 1928 The dispute had its origins on each country's interpretation of what Real Cedulas (Royal Proclamations) Spain used to precisely define its colonial territories in the Americas. After independence, all of Spain's colonial territories signed and agreed to proclaim their limits in the basis of the principle of ''uti possidetis juris'', which regarded the Spanish borders of 1810 as the borders of the new republics. However, conflicting claims and disagreements between the newly formed countries eventually escalated to the point of armed conflicts on several occasions. The dispute ''de jure'' had come to an end in the aftermath of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War with the signing of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porras Barrenechea 1926
Porras (which means "clubs" in Spanish) and may refer to Sporran. Porran Old Scottish Gaelic. People * Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo (born 1944), Venezuelan Catholic cardinal * Belisario Porras Barahona, Panamanian journalist and politician * Emanuel De Porras, Argentinian footballer * Gabriel Porras, Mexican actor * Gonzalo Martín De Porras, Argentinian footballer * Jerry I. Porras, American professor and analyst * José Porras, Costa Rican footballer * José Joaquín Mora Porras, Costa Rican 19th century politician * Juan Rafael Mora Porras, President of Costa Rica from 1849 to 1859. * Lizardo Alzamora Porras, Peruvian politician * Luis Gallo Porras, Peruvian politician * Raúl Porras Barrenechea, Peruvian historian * Rick Porras, American film producer Places ''Porras'' is also Finnish for staircase. *Porras, Tammela Porras is a village in the municipality of Tammela, Finland. It lies on the Häme Ox Road and has a population of almost 400 inhabitants. An active ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
