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Cluster (band)
Cluster were a German musical duo consisting of Hans-Joachim Roedelius and Dieter Moebius, formed in 1971 and associated with West Germany's krautrock and kosmische Musik, kosmische music scenes.Bush, John. [ Allmusic: Cluster]. Retrieved 24 February 2005. Born from the earlier Berlin-based group Kluster, they relocated in 1971 into the countryside village of Forst, Lower Saxony, where they built a studio and collaborated with musicians such as Conny Plank, Brian Eno, and Michael Rother; with the latter, they formed the influential side-project Harmonia (band), Harmonia. After first disbanding in 1981, Cluster reunited several times: from 1989 to 1997, and from 2007 to 2010. AllMusic described the group as "the most important and consistently underrated space rock unit of the '70s."Bush, John. [ Allmusic: Cluster]. Retrieved 24 February 2005. Music historian Julian Cope places three Cluster albums—''Cluster II (album), Cluster II'' (1972), ''Zuckerzeit'' (1974), and ''Sowiesos ...
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Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constituent states, Berlin is surrounded by the State of Brandenburg and contiguous with Potsdam, Brandenburg's capital. Berlin's urban area, which has a population of around 4.5 million, is the second most populous urban area in Germany after the Ruhr. The Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions. Berlin straddles the banks of the Spree, which flows into the Havel (a tributary of the Elbe) in the western borough of Spandau. Among the city's main topographical features are the many lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs formed by the Spree, Havel and Dahme, the largest of which is Lake Müggelsee. Due to its l ...
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Brian Eno
Brian Peter George St John le Baptiste de la Salle Eno (; born Brian Peter George Eno, 15 May 1948) is a British musician, composer, record producer and visual artist best known for his contributions to ambient music and work in rock, pop and electronica. A self-described "non-musician", Eno has helped introduce unconventional concepts and approaches to contemporary music. He has been described as one of popular music's most influential and innovative figures. Born in Suffolk, Eno studied painting and experimental music at the art school of Ipswich Civic College in the mid 1960s, and then at Winchester School of Art. He joined glam rock group Roxy Music as its synthesiser player in 1971, recording two albums with the group before departing in 1973. Eno then released a number of solo pop albums beginning with ''Here Come the Warm Jets'' (1974) and, also in the mid-1970s, began exploring a minimalist direction on influential recordings such as '' Discreet Music'' (1975) and ...
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Conrad Schnitzler
Conrad "Conny" Schnitzler (17 March 1937 – 4 August 2011) was a prolific German experimental musician associated with West Germany's 1970s krautrock movement. A co-founder of West Berlin's Zodiak Free Arts Lab, he was an early member of Tangerine Dream (1969–1970) and a founder of the band Kluster. He left Kluster in 1971, first working with his group Eruption and then focusing on solo works. Schnitzler participated in several collaborations with other electronic musicians. Biography Schnitzler was born in Düsseldorf. His father was German, his mother was Italian. He had a wife and they had three children,Conrad Schnitzler (1937–2011)
by Geeta Dayal (20 August 2011)
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The Wire (magazine)
''The Wire'' (or simply ''Wire'') is a British music magazine publishing out of London, which has been issued monthly in print since 1982. Its website launched in 1997, and an online archive of its entire back catalog became available to subscribers in 2013. Since 1985, the magazine's annual year-in-review issue, Rewind, has named an album or release of the year based on critics' ballots. Originally, ''The Wire'' covered the British jazz scene with an emphasis on avant-garde and free jazz. It was marketed as a more adventurous alternative to its conservative competitor ''Jazz Journal'', and targeted younger readers at a time when ''Melody Maker'' had abandoned jazz coverage. In the late 1980s and 1990s, the magazine expanded its scope until it included a broad range of musical genres under the umbrella of non-mainstream or experimental music. Since then, ''The Wire''s coverage has included experimental rock, electronica, alternative hip hop, modern classical, free improvisat ...
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Sowiesoso
''Sowiesoso'' (from german: sowieso, translation=anyway) is the fourth studio album by German electronic music band Cluster, released in 1976. It was Cluster's first release for Sky Records. ''Sowiesoso'' was recorded in just two days in Forst, Germany in 1976 and mixed at Conny's Studio in Wolperath. Background Brian Eno had worked with Dieter Moebius and Hans-Joachim Roedelius with Harmonia prior to the recording of ''Sowiesoso'' and worked with Cluster again on two albums in 1977 and 1978. The influence of the British ambient musician is clearly heard on the softer and more controlled sound of ''Sowiesoso''. Reviewer Russ Curry describes the album as "a fully realized marriage of electronic sounds with a pastoral warmth." Kevin Warwick of the ''Chicago Reader'' noted that the album's focus on "ambient electronic soundscapes" represented a divergence from the "motorik grooves" explored by Cluster's krautrock contemporaries. Release ''Sowiesoso'' was Cluster's first release fo ...
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Zuckerzeit
''Zuckerzeit'' (German: ''Sugar Time'') is the third studio album by German band Cluster, released in 1974 on Brain Records. It was co-produced by Michael Rother, their bandmate in side-project Harmonia. The music on ''Zuckerzeit'' marks a shift from Cluster's abrasive early work toward a more rhythmic, pop-oriented sound. ''Pitchfork'' ranked the album at number 63 on its list of the top 100 albums of the 1970s, while writer and musician Julian Cope included ''Zuckerzeit'' in his "Krautrock Top 50" list. Background ''Zuckerzeit'' was recorded following Cluster's move from West Berlin to the countryside of Forst, and came after their collaboration with Neu! guitarist Michael Rother on the 1973 Harmonia album ''Musik von Harmonia''. The album's short instrumental tracks marked the group's shift toward a pop-oriented style which utilized cheap drum machines and synthesizers. Each track is a solo composition, with the two members recording separately on different days; ''The Quietus ...
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Cluster II (album)
''Cluster II'' is the second full-length album by German electronic music act Cluster, released in 1972 by record label Brain. Production It is their first album with the band reduced to a duo; Conny Plank, who was credited as a member on the first album, decided to concentrate on production and engineering. Plank is still credited as a composer together with Hans-Joachim Roedelius and Dieter Moebius on all tracks. ''Cluster II'' was recorded at Star-Studio in Hamburg, Germany in January 1972. It was Cluster's first release for legendary krautrock label Brain, a relationship which would last until 1975 and include the subsequent album ''Zuckerzeit'' as well as the first two Harmonia albums, a group which included both remaining members of Cluster and Michael Rother of Neu!. Content ''Cluster II'' continued the transition away from the discordant, proto-industrial sound of Kluster towards a more electronic sound. It was the first album to feature relatively short tracks an ...
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Julian Cope
Julian David Cope (born 21 October 1957) is an English musician and author. He was the singer and songwriter in Liverpool post-punk band the Teardrop Explodes and has followed a solo career since 1983 in addition to working on musical side projects such as Queen Elizabeth, Brain Donor and Black Sheep. Cope is also an author on Neolithic culture, publishing ''The Modern Antiquarian'' in 1998, and a political and cultural activist with a public interest in occultism and paganism. He has written two volumes of autobiography, ''Head-On'' (1994) and ''Repossessed'' (1999); two volumes of archaeology, ''The Modern Antiquarian'' (1998) and ''The Megalithic European'' (2004); and three volumes of musicology, ''Krautrocksampler'' (1995), ''Japrocksampler'' (2007); and ''Copendium: A Guide to the Musical Underground'' (2012). Early life Cope's family resided in Tamworth, Staffordshire, but he was born in Deri, Glamorgan, Wales, where his mother's parents lived, while she was stayi ...
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AllMusic
AllMusic (previously known as All Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on musicians and bands. Initiated in 1991, the database was first made available on the Internet in 1994. AllMusic is owned by RhythmOne. History AllMusic was launched as ''All Music Guide'' by Michael Erlewine, a "compulsive archivist, noted astrologer, Buddhist scholar and musician". He became interested in using computers for his astrological work in the mid-1970s and founded a software company, Matrix, in 1977. In the early 1990s, as CDs replaced LPs as the dominant format for recorded music, Erlewine purchased what he thought was a CD of early recordings by Little Richard. After buying it he discovered it was a "flaccid latter-day rehash". Frustrated with the labeling, he researched using metadata to create a music guide. In 1990, in Big Rapids, Michigan, he founded ''All Music Guide' ...
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Michael Rother
Michael Rother (born 2 September 1950) is a German experimental musician, best known for being a founding member of the influential bands Neu! and Harmonia (band), Harmonia, and an early member of the band Kraftwerk. Early life and education Born in 1950, Rother was educated in Munich, Wilmslow (England), Karachi, and Düsseldorf. He also resided in Pakistan in the early 1960s where he was exposed to Pakistani music that would influence his own music in the late 1960s and early 1970s. From 1965 Rother played in the band Spirits of Sound, from which other members would later go on to join Kraftwerk (Wolfgang Flür) and Wunderbar. Music career Rother is a multi-instrumentalist (primarily guitar and keyboards) who, along with a catalog of several solo albums starting in 1977, is best known for having co-founded the German group Neu! with drummer Klaus Dinger (five albums between 1971 and 1996), and his collaborative efforts with Hans-Joachim Roedelius and Dieter Moebius (a ...
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Forst, Lower Saxony
Forst is a district of the municipality Bevern, Lower Saxony, Germany. Forst lies in the Weser Uplands. In the 1970s, the krautrock musicians Hans-Joachim Roedelius, Dieter Moebius and Michael Rother Michael Rother (born 2 September 1950) is a German experimental musician, best known for being a founding member of the influential bands Neu! and Harmonia (band), Harmonia, and an early member of the band Kraftwerk. Early life and educatio ... lived there.rockreport.de


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Geography of Lower Saxony {{Holzminden-geo-stub ...
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Dieter Moebius
Dieter Moebius (16 January 1944 – 20 July 2015) was a Swiss-born German electronic musician and composer, best known as a member of the influential krautrock bands Cluster and Harmonia. Moebius was studying art at Berlin's Akademie Grafik and working as a restaurant cook when he met Conrad Schnitzler, founder of the Zodiak Free Arts Lab with Hans-Joachim Roedelius. The trio founded the improv group Kluster in 1969. After the departure of Schnitzler, the duo changed their name to Cluster and relocated to the countryside village of Forst, releasing influential albums such as ''Zuckerzeit'' (1974) and ''Sowiesoso'' (1976). Moebius would also draw on his graphic design training create the cover artwork for various Cluster albums and related collaborations. Meanwhile, Moebius and Roedelius founded the band Harmonia with Michael Rother of Neu!, releasing the albums ''Musik von Harmonia'' (1974) and '' Deluxe'' (1975). Admirer Brian Eno would subsequently collaborate with both groups. ...
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