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Clitocybe Amarescens
''Clitocybe amarescens'' is a species of agaric fungus in the family Tricholomataceae. Widely distributed in northwestern Europe, it was first described in 1969 by Finnish mycologist Harri Harmaja. It fruits in groups or in fairy rings in grasslands. ''Amarescens'' signifies "tending to bitterness". References External links * amarescens Fungi described in 1969 Fungi found in fairy rings Fungi of Europe {{Tricholomataceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgium
Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to the southwest, and the North Sea to the northwest. It covers an area of and has a population of more than 11.5 million, making it the 22nd most densely populated country in the world and the 6th most densely populated country in Europe, with a density of . Belgium is part of an area known as the Low Countries, historically a somewhat larger region than the Benelux group of states, as it also included parts of northern France. The capital and largest city is Brussels; other major cities are Antwerp, Ghent, Charleroi, Liège, Bruges, Namur, and Leuven. Belgium is a sovereign state and a federal constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system. Its institutional organization is complex and is structured on both regional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harri Harmaja
Harri is a given name, and may refer to: *Guto Harri (born 1966), Welsh former BBC Chief Political Correspondent *Harri Anne Smith, American Republican member of the Alabama Senate *Harri Eloranta (born 1963), Finnish biathlete * Harri Hänninen (born 1963), Finnish long-distance runner *Harri Haatainen (born 1978), Finnish javelin thrower *Harri Hakkarainen (born 1969), Finnish javelin thrower *Harri Holkeri (born 1937), Prime Minister of Finland from 1987 to 1991 *Harri Huhtala (born 1952), Finnish hammer thrower *Harri Hursti (born 1968), Finnish computer programmer and former chairman of the board and co-founder of ROMmon * Harri Jõgisalu (1922–2014), Estonian writer *T. Harri Jones (1921–1965), Welsh poet and university lecturer *Harri Kampman (born 1954), Finnish football manager and former player *Harri Kirvesniemi (born 1958), Finnish cross country skier * Harri Koskela (born 1965), Finnish wrestler and Olympic medalist in Greco-Roman wrestling *Harri Koskinen (born 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Bon
Marcel Bon (17 March 1925 – 11 May 2014)http://fmbds.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/CAFAM-2014-CR-complet.pdf was one of France's best known field mycologists. He was born in Picardy in 1925 and came to mycology through general botany, and pharmacology. He lived at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme, a quaint little town on the mouth of the river Somme, in Picardy, Northern France, which was a former artists' and writers' retreat, and is now a popular tourist town. In 1987, along with two artists (John Wilkinson, and Denys Ovenden) he produced a comprehensive field guide for mycologists, ''The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe''. His other skills were as a pianist, an artist, and a skier. Bibliography *''The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North Western Europe'', Bon M., (1987) pub. Hodder and Stoughton. ** (paperback) ** (hardback). *''Les tricholomes de France et d'Europe occidentale'', Bon. M, (1984) pub. Lechevalier (Paris). *''Fungorum Rariorum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaric
An agaric () is a type of fungus fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. In the UK, agarics are called "mushrooms" or "toadstools". In North America they are typically called "gilled mushrooms". "Agaric" can also refer to a basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body. Archaically, agaric meant 'tree-fungus' (after Latin ''agaricum''); however, that changed with the Linnaean interpretation in 1753 when Linnaeus used the generic name ''Agaricus'' for gilled mushrooms. Most species of agaricus belong to the order Agaricales in the subphylum Agaricomycotina. The exceptions, where agarics have evolved independently, feature largely in the orders Russulales, Boletales, Hymenochaetales, and several other groups of basidiomycetes. Old systems of classification placed all agarics in the Agaricales and some (mostly older) sources use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tricholomataceae
The Tricholomataceae are a large family of mushrooms within the Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to e.g. the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Pluteaceae, or Entolomataceae. The name derives from the Greek ''trichos'' (τριχος) meaning hair and ''loma'' (λωμα) meaning fringe or border, although not all members display this feature. The name "Tricholomataceae" is seen as having validity in describing ''Tricholoma'' and its close relatives, and whatever other genera can at some future point be described as part of a monophyletic family including ''Tricholoma''. To that end, the International Botanical Congress has voted on two occasions (1988 and 2006) to conserve the name "Tricholomataceae" against competing names. This decision does not invalidate the use of segregate families from the Tricholomataceae, but simply validates th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Description
A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been described previously or are related. In order for species to be validly described, they need to follow guidelines established over time. Zoological naming requires adherence to the ICZN code, plants, the ICN, viruses ICTV, and so on. The species description often contains photographs or other illustrations of type material along with a note on where they are deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million species have been identified and described, out of some 8.7 million that may actually exist. Millions more have become extinct throughout the existence of life on Earth. Naming process A name of a new species becomes valid (available in zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fairy Ring
A fairy ring, also known as fairy circle, elf circle, elf ring or pixie ring, is a naturally occurring ring or arc of mushrooms. They are found mainly in forested areas, but also appear in grasslands or rangelands. Fairy rings are detectable by sporocarps (fungal spore pods) in rings or arcs, as well as by a necrotic zone (dead grass), or a ring of dark green grass. Fungus mycelium is present in the ring or arc underneath. The rings may grow to over in diameter, and they become stable over time as the fungus grows and seeks food underground. Fairy rings are the subject of much folklore and myth worldwide—particularly in Western Europe. They are often seen as hazardous or dangerous places, and linked with witches or the Devil in folklore. Conversely, they can sometimes be linked with good fortune. Genesis The mycelium of a fungus growing in the ground absorbs nutrients by secretion of enzymes from the tips of the hyphae (threads making up the mycelium). This breaks down larg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grassland
A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes, like clover, and other herbs. Grasslands occur naturally on all continents except Antarctica and are found in most ecoregions of the Earth. Furthermore, grasslands are one of the largest biomes on earth and dominate the landscape worldwide. There are different types of grasslands: natural grasslands, semi-natural grasslands, and agricultural grasslands. They cover 31–69% of the Earth's land area. Definitions Included among the variety of definitions for grasslands are: * "...any plant community, including harvested forages, in which grasses and/or legumes make up the dominant vegetation." * "...terrestrial ecosystems dominated by herbaceous and shrub vegetation, and maintained by fire, grazing, drought and/or freezing temperatures." (Pilot Assessment of Global Ecosystems, 2000) * "A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitocybe
''Clitocybe'' is a genus of mushrooms characterized by white, off-white, buff, cream, pink, or light-yellow spores, gills running down the stem, and pale white to brown or lilac coloration. They are primarily saprotrophic, decomposing forest ground litter. There are estimated to be around 300 species in the widespread genus. ''Clitocybe'' means ''sloping head''. A few members of the genus are considered edible; many others are poisonous, containing the toxin muscarine among others. Distinguishing individual species of ''Clitocybe'' is generally prohibitively difficult to non-experts, requiring the analysis of microscopic characters. Therefore, with the exception of a few charismatic and readily identified members, ''Clitocybe'' mushrooms are rarely collected for consumption. Taxonomy ''Clitocybe'' was originally proposed by Elias Fries in 1821 as a tribe in the genus ''Agaricus''. Friedrich Staude elevated it to generic status in 1857. Recent molecular work has shown the genus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi Described In 1969
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi Found In Fairy Rings
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
