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Clitocella
''Clitocella'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Entolomataceae. It was circumscribed in 2014 with ''Clitocella popinalis'' as the type species. The generic name refers to its similarities and close relationship to the genera ''Clitopilus'' and '' Clitopilopsis''; the Latin word ''cella'', meaning "storage place", alludes to "taxa not belonging to ''Clitopilus'' or ''Clitopilopsis''". Species have caps with centrally placed stipes; the gills are decurrent, and crowded closely together with a smooth edge. Mushrooms produce a pink spore print. The spores have thin walls (less than or equal to 0.5 μm) that are cyanophilic (absorbing blue stain) and surfaces ornamented with minute bumps that can be seen in profile and face views. This surface ornamentation distinguishes ''Clitocella'' from ''Clitopilus'', which has longitudinally ridged spores. ''Clitopilopsis'', in contrast, has thicker spore walls (greater than or equal to 0.5 μm). See also *List of Ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitocella Fallax
''Clitocella'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Entolomataceae. It was circumscribed in 2014 with ''Clitocella popinalis'' as the type species. The generic name refers to its similarities and close relationship to the genera '' Clitopilus'' and '' Clitopilopsis''; the Latin word ''cella'', meaning "storage place", alludes to "taxa not belonging to ''Clitopilus'' or ''Clitopilopsis''". Species have caps with centrally placed stipes; the gills are decurrent, and crowded closely together with a smooth edge. Mushrooms produce a pink spore print. The spores have thin walls (less than or equal to 0.5 μm) that are cyanophilic (absorbing blue stain) and surfaces ornamented with minute bumps that can be seen in profile and face views. This surface ornamentation distinguishes ''Clitocella'' from ''Clitopilus'', which has longitudinally ridged spores. ''Clitopilopsis'', in contrast, has thicker spore walls (greater than or equal to 0.5 μm). See also * List ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitocella Mundula
''Clitocella'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Entolomataceae. It was circumscribed in 2014 with ''Clitocella popinalis'' as the type species. The generic name refers to its similarities and close relationship to the genera '' Clitopilus'' and '' Clitopilopsis''; the Latin word ''cella'', meaning "storage place", alludes to "taxa not belonging to ''Clitopilus'' or ''Clitopilopsis''". Species have caps with centrally placed stipes; the gills are decurrent, and crowded closely together with a smooth edge. Mushrooms produce a pink spore print. The spores have thin walls (less than or equal to 0.5 μm) that are cyanophilic (absorbing blue stain) and surfaces ornamented with minute bumps that can be seen in profile and face views. This surface ornamentation distinguishes ''Clitocella'' from ''Clitopilus'', which has longitudinally ridged spores. ''Clitopilopsis'', in contrast, has thicker spore walls (greater than or equal to 0.5 μm). See also * List ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitocella Popinalis
''Clitocella'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Entolomataceae. It was circumscribed in 2014 with ''Clitocella popinalis'' as the type species. The generic name refers to its similarities and close relationship to the genera '' Clitopilus'' and '' Clitopilopsis''; the Latin word ''cella'', meaning "storage place", alludes to "taxa not belonging to ''Clitopilus'' or ''Clitopilopsis''". Species have caps with centrally placed stipes; the gills are decurrent, and crowded closely together with a smooth edge. Mushrooms produce a pink spore print. The spores have thin walls (less than or equal to 0.5 μm) that are cyanophilic (absorbing blue stain) and surfaces ornamented with minute bumps that can be seen in profile and face views. This surface ornamentation distinguishes ''Clitocella'' from ''Clitopilus'', which has longitudinally ridged spores. ''Clitopilopsis'', in contrast, has thicker spore walls (greater than or equal to 0.5 μm). See also * List ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Entolomataceae Genera
The mushroom genera in the family Entolomataceae collectively contain over 1500 species, the large majority of which are in ''Entoloma''. There have been many different classifications of this group, and so the table below includes not only genera which are supposedly current, but also other proposed genera whose names have been important. For instance several taxa such as ''Leptonia'' and ''Nolanea'' were defined as independent genera, and are still sometimes used as such, but in recent classifications they have been demoted to being subgenera of ''Entoloma''. Previously there was a view that Entolomataceae with angular (polyhedral) spores should be classified in genus ''Entoloma'', those with bumpy spores should be in ''Rhodocybe'', and those with longitudinally ridged spores should be put in ''Clitopilus''. However DNA studies in 2009 and 2017 have changed this situation for the ''Rhodocybe''/''Clitopilus'' group. Firstly ''Clitopilus'' was found to be a clade embedded within ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entolomataceae
The Entolomataceae, also known as Rhodophyllaceae, are a large family of pink-spored terrestrial gilled mushrooms which includes the genera ''Entoloma'', '' Rhodocybe'', and ''Clitopilus''. The family collectively contains over 1500 species, the large majority of which are in ''Entoloma''. Genera formerly known as ''Leptonia'' and ''Nolanea'', amongst others, have been subsumed into ''Entoloma''. Mushrooms in the Entolomataceae typically grow in woodlands or grassy areas and have attached gills, differentiating them from the Pluteaceae, which have free gills. Description The very large family Entolomataceae has a cosmopolitan distribution, and species are common in both temperate and tropical climates. Although the shape of the fruiting body and many microscopic characteristics are very diverse, it forms a well-defined group due to the distinctive spores: the spore print is pink (or brownish or greyish pink) and the spores are ornamented with bumps or ridges, or have a sharp-p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven noun cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative, and vocative), five declensions, four verb conjuga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Agaricales Genera
This is a list of mushroom-forming fungi genera in the order Agaricales. Genera * See also * List of Agaricales families References Notes References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1983 , title=Beitrag zur Flora cyphelloider Pilze aus der Neotropis V. Zwei neue Gattungen: ''Metulocyphella'' und ''Incrustocalyptella'' , journal=Zeitschrift für Mykologie , volume=49 , issue=2 , pages=155–164 , language=de , trans-title=Contribution to neotropical cyphelloid fungi V. Two new genera: ''Metulocyphella'' and ''Incrustocalyptella'' {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1983 , title=Typusstudien an cyphelloiden Pilzen IV. ''Lachnellula'' Fr. s.l , journal=Mitteilungen aus der Botanischen Staatssammlung, München , volume=19 , pages=164–334;282,294, language=de , trans-title=Type studies in cyphelloid fungi IV. ''Lachnellula'' Fr. s.l {{cite journal, last=Ammirati , first=Joseph F. , author2=Andrew D. Parker , author3=P. Brandon Mathen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micrometre
The micrometre ( international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American spelling), also commonly known as a micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equalling (SI standard prefix "micro-" = ); that is, one millionth of a metre (or one thousandth of a millimetre, , or about ). The nearest smaller common SI unit is the nanometre, equivalent to one thousandth of a micrometre, one millionth of a millimetre or one billionth of a metre (). The micrometre is a common unit of measurement for wavelengths of infrared radiation as well as sizes of biological cells and bacteria, and for grading wool by the diameter of the fibres. The width of a single human hair ranges from approximately 20 to . The longest human chromosome, chromosome 1, is approximately in length. Examples Between 1 μm and 10 μm: * 1–10 μm – length of a typical bacterium * 3–8 μm – width of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiospore
A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by Basidiomycete fungi, a grouping that includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts, and smuts. Basidiospores typically each contain one haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis, and they are produced by specialized fungal cells called basidia. Typically, four basidiospores develop on appendages from each basidium, of which two are of one strain and the other two of its opposite strain. In gills under a cap of one common species, there exist millions of basidia. Some gilled mushrooms in the order Agaricales have the ability to release billions of spores. The puffball fungus ''Calvatia gigantea'' has been calculated to produce about five trillion basidiospores. Most basidiospores are forcibly discharged, and are thus considered ballistospores. These spores serve as the main air dispersal units for the fungi. The spores are released during periods of high humidity and generally have a night-time or pre-dawn peak concentration in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spore Print
300px, Making a spore print of the mushroom ''Volvariella volvacea'' shown in composite: (photo lower half) mushroom cap laid on white and dark paper; (photo upper half) cap removed after 24 hours showing pinkish-tan spore print. A 3.5-centimeter glass slide placed in middle allows for examination of spore characteristics under a microscope. image:spore Print ID.gif, 300px, A printable chart to make a spore print and start identification The spore print is the powdery deposit obtained by allowing spores of a fungal sporocarp (fungi), fruit body to fall onto a surface underneath. It is an important diagnostic character in most handbooks for identifying mushrooms. It shows the colour of the mushroom spores if viewed en masse. Method A spore print is made by placing the spore-producing surface flat on a sheet of dark and white paper or on a sheet of clear, stiff plastic, which facilitates moving the spore print to a darker or lighter surface for improved contrast; for example, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decurrent
''Decurrent'' (sometimes decurring) is a term used in botany and mycology to describe plant or fungal parts that extend downward. In botany, the term is most often applied to leaf blades that partly wrap or have wings around the stem or petiole and extend down along the stem. A "decurrent branching habit" is a plant form common for shrubs and most angiosperm trees, contrasted with the excurrent or "cone-shaped crown" common among many gymnosperms. The decurrent habit is characterized by having weak apical dominance that eventually produces a rounded or spreading tree crown. Examples of trees with decurrent habit are most hardwood trees: oak, hickory, maple, etc.Claud L. Brown, Robert G. McAlpine, Paul P. Kormanik, "Apical Dominance and Form in Woody Plants: A Reappraisal", ''American Journal of Botany'', Vol. 54, No. 2 (February 1967), pp. 153–162, In mycology, the term is most often applied to the hymenophore of a basidiocarp (such as the lamellae or "gills" of a mushroo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamella (mycology)
In mycology, a lamella, or gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often agarics. The gills are used by the mushrooms as a means of spore dispersal, and are important for species identification. The attachment of the gills to the stem is classified based on the shape of the gills when viewed from the side, while color, crowding and the shape of individual gills can also be important features. Additionally, gills can have distinctive microscopic or macroscopic features. For instance, ''Lactarius'' species typically seep latex from their gills. It was originally believed that all gilled fungi were Agaricales, but as fungi were studied in more detail, some gilled species were demonstrated not to be. It is now clear that this is a case of convergent evolution (i.e. gill-like structures evolved separately) rather than being an anatomic feature that evolved only once. The apparent reason that various basidiomycetes have evolved gills is that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
