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Claudiosaurus BW
''Claudiosaurus'' (''claudus'' is Latin for 'lameness' and ''saurus'' means 'lizard') is an extinct genus of diapsid reptiles from the Permian Sakamena Formation of the Morondava Basin, Madagascar. The pattern of the vertebrate, girle, and limbs indicates that ''Claudiosaurus'' and ''Thadeosaurus'' share a common ancestor. History and discovery ''Claudiosaurus'' is known from the Sakamena Formation of Madagascar. ''Claudiosaurus'' is found from the Late Permian. Although a paper mentions that they have been also found in Early Triassic deposits of Madagascar, citation does not mention that ''Claudiosaurus'' is from Triassic. Biology and description ''Claudiosaurus'' was one of the first members of the Neodiapsida, a group of reptiles containing diapsids more derived than the primitive Araeoscelidia. It had a relatively long body and neck, reaching on overall length of about . It is presumed to have been partially oceanic, living its life in a way similar to the modern marine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claudiosaurus BW
''Claudiosaurus'' (''claudus'' is Latin for 'lameness' and ''saurus'' means 'lizard') is an extinct genus of diapsid reptiles from the Permian Sakamena Formation of the Morondava Basin, Madagascar. The pattern of the vertebrate, girle, and limbs indicates that ''Claudiosaurus'' and ''Thadeosaurus'' share a common ancestor. History and discovery ''Claudiosaurus'' is known from the Sakamena Formation of Madagascar. ''Claudiosaurus'' is found from the Late Permian. Although a paper mentions that they have been also found in Early Triassic deposits of Madagascar, citation does not mention that ''Claudiosaurus'' is from Triassic. Biology and description ''Claudiosaurus'' was one of the first members of the Neodiapsida, a group of reptiles containing diapsids more derived than the primitive Araeoscelidia. It had a relatively long body and neck, reaching on overall length of about . It is presumed to have been partially oceanic, living its life in a way similar to the modern marine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lopingian
The Lopingian is the uppermost series/last epoch of the Permian. It is the last epoch of the Paleozoic. The Lopingian was preceded by the Guadalupian and followed by the Early Triassic. The Lopingian is often synonymous with the informal terms late Permian or upper Permian. The name was introduced by Amadeus William Grabau in 1931 and derives from Leping, Jiangxi in China. It consists of two stages/ ages. The earlier is the Wuchiapingian and the later is the Changhsingian. The International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2018/07) provides a numerical age of 259.1 ±0.5 Ma. If a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) has been approved, the lower boundary of the earliest stage determines numerical age of an epoch. The GSSP for the Wuchiapingian has a numerical age of 259.8 ± 0.4 Ma. Evidence from Milankovitch cycles suggests that the length of an Earth day during this epoch was approximately 22 hours. The Lopingian ended with the Permian–Triassic extinction event. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Iguana
The marine iguana (''Amblyrhynchus cristatus''), also known as the sea iguana, saltwater iguana, or Galápagos marine iguana, is a species of iguana found only on the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador). Unique among modern lizards, it is a marine reptile that has the ability to forage in the sea for algae, which makes up almost all of its diet. Marine iguanas are the only extant lizard that spends time in a marine environment. Large males are able to dive to find this food source, while females and smaller males feed during low tide in the intertidal zone. They mainly live in colonies on rocky shores where they bask after visiting the relatively cold water or intertidal zone, but can also be seen in marshes, mangrove swamps and beaches. Large males defend territories for a short period, but smaller males have other breeding strategies. After mating, the female digs a nest hole in the soil where she lays her eggs, leaving them to hatch on their own a few months later. Marine iguanas vary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lepidopteris
''Lepidopteris'' ("scaly fern") is a form genus for leaves of Late Permian to Late Triassic Period Pteridospermatophyta, or seed ferns, which lived from around 260 to 200 million years ago in what is now Australia, Antarctica, India, South America, South Africa, Russia and China. Nine species are currently recognized. ''Lepidopteris'' was a common and widespread seed fern, which survived the Permian-Triassic extinction event but succumbed to the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event. ''Lepidopteris callipteroides'' is especially common between the first two episodes of Permian-Triassic extinction event, and ''L. ottonis'' forms a comparable acme zone immediate before the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event. ''Lepidopteris'' would persist into the Early Jurassic in Patagonia, represented by the species ''Lepidopteris scassoi.'' Description In the form generic system of paleobotany ''Lepidopteris'' is used only for leaves, which are fern-like with pinnules attached to the rac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glossopteris
''Glossopteris'' tymology: from Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, " tongue ") + πτερίς (pterís, " fern ")is the largest and best-known genus of the extinct Permian order of seed ferns known as Glossopteridales (also known as Arberiales, Ottokariales, or Dictyopteridiales). The genus ''Glossopteris'' refers only to leaves, within a framework of form genera used in paleobotany. (For likely reproductive organs see Glossopteridaceae.) Species of ''Glossopteris'' were the dominant trees of the middle- to high-latitude lowland vegetation across the supercontinent Gondwana during the Permian Period. ''Glossopteris'' fossils were critical in recognizing former connections between the various fragments of Gondwana: South America, Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand, and Antarctica. History The Glossopteridales arose in the Southern Hemisphere around the beginning of the Permian Period (), but became extinct during the end-Permian (Changhsingian) mass extinction. The putat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glossopteridales
Glossopteridales is an extinct order (biology), order of plants belonging to Pteridospermatophyta, or seed ferns, also known as Arberiales and Ottokariales. They arose at the beginning of the Permian () on the southern continent of Gondwana, but became extinct at the end of the Permian period (), during the Permian-Triassic extinction event. The best known genus is ''Glossopteris,'' a leaf form genus. Other examples are ''Gangamopteris'' ''Glossotheca'' and ''Vertebraria''. Permian Permineralization, permineralised glossopterid reproduction organs found in the central Transantarctic Mountains suggest seeds had an wikt:adaxial, adaxial attachment to the leaf-like sporophyll, mega-sporophyll. This indicate Glossopteridales can be classified as seed ferns and is important in determining the status of the group as either close relatives or ancestors of the angiosperms. Midrib-less forms were common in the Early Permian whereas midrib forms were more common in the Lopingian, Late Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equisetales
Equisetales is an order of subclass Equisetidae with only one living family, Equisetaceae, containing the genus ''Equisetum'' (horsetails). Classification In the molecular phylogenetic classification of Smith et al. in 2006, Equisetales, in its present circumscription, was held to be the sole member of class Equisetopsida. The linear sequence of Christenhusz et al. (2011), intended for compatibility with the classification of Chase and Reveal (2009) which placed all land plants in Equisetopsida, made it the sole member of subclass Equisetidae, equivalent to Smith's Equisetopsida. The placement of Equisetales in subclass Equisetidae has subsequently been followed in the classifications of Christenhusz and Chase (2014) and PPG I (2016). The fossil record includes additional extinct species in Equisetaceae and the extinct families Calamitaceae, Archaeocalamitaceae and Phyllothecaceae The prehistoric family Phyllothecaceae, of the plant order Equisetales, was erected in 1828, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Tanganyika
Lake Tanganyika () is an African Great Lake. It is the second-oldest freshwater lake in the world, the second-largest by volume, and the second-deepest, in all cases after Lake Baikal in Siberia. It is the world's longest freshwater lake. The lake is shared among four countries—Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Burundi, and Zambia, with Tanzania (46%) and DRC (40%) possessing the majority of the lake. It drains into the Congo River system and ultimately into the Atlantic Ocean. Etymology "Tanganika" was the name of the lake that Henry Morton Stanley encountered when he was at Ujiji in 1876. The name first originated from the Bembe language when they arrived in South Kivu around the 7th century, they discovered the lake and started calling it “êtanga ‘ya’ni’â” which means “a big river” in their Bantu language. Stanley found also other names for the lake among different ethnic groups, like the Kimana, the Yemba and the Msaga. An alt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rift Valley
A rift valley is a linear shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift. Rifts are formed as a result of the pulling apart of the lithosphere due to extensional tectonics. The linear depression may subsequently be further deepened by the forces of erosion. More generally the valley is likely to be filled with sedimentary deposits derived from the rift flanks and the surrounding areas. In many cases rift lakes are formed. One of the best known examples of this process is the East African Rift. On Earth, rifts can occur at all elevations, from the sea floor to plateaus and mountain ranges in continental crust or in oceanic crust. They are often associated with a number of adjoining subsidiary or co-extensive valleys, which are typically considered part of the principal rift valley geologically. Earth's rift valleys The most extensive rift valley is located along the crest of the mid-ocean ridge system and is the result of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acerosodontosaurus
''Acerosodontosaurus'' is an extinct genus of neodiapsid reptiles that lived during the Upper Permian of Madagascar. The only species of ''Acerosodontosaurus'', ''A. piveteaui'', is known from a natural mold of a single partial skeleton including a crushed skull and part of the body and limbs. The fossil was discovered in marine deposits of the Lower Sakamena Formation. In conjunction with several skeletal characteristics, this may indicate that ''Acerosodontosaurus'' individuals were at least partially aquatic. ''Acerosodontosaurus'' has generally been considered a " younginiform", part of a paraphyletic grade of Permian diapsids which linked the most basal ("primitive") diapsids (araeoscelidians such as ''Petrolacosaurus'') to more derived ("advanced") diapsids, including the earliest ancestors of modern reptiles such as crocodilians and lizards. However, its position within the grade is controversial. Initially considered a specimen of the contemporaneous ''Tangasaurus'', '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarosaurus
''Anarosaurus'' is an extinct genus of pachypleurosaurs that lived in the Middle Triassic period (Anisian) and has been found in the Jena Formation and the Karlstadt Formation of Germany and the Winterswijk Quarry ( Lower Muschelkalk) of The Netherlands. Two species are known: ''A. pumilio'' (the type species) and ''A. heterodontus''. The holotype of ''A. pumilio'' was originally housed at the Institut und Museum fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Georg-August-Universitat, Gottingen, but can no longer be located today because it was lost or destroyed during World War II. ''Anarosaurus'' was a small reptile with an estimated body length of . See also * List of plesiosaurs This list of plesiosaurs is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the order Plesiosauria, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered inv ... References Triassic plesiosaurs Extinct animals of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
