Glossopteridales is an extinct

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of ...

of plants belonging to Pteridospermatophyta, or seed ferns, also known as Arberiales and Ottokariales. They arose at the beginning of the

Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleo ...

() on the southern continent of

Gondwana Gondwana () was a large landmass, often referred to as a supercontinent, that formed during the late Neoproterozoic (about 550 million years ago) and began to break up during the Jurassic period (about 180 million years ago). The final sta ...

, but became extinct at the end of the

period (), during the Permian-Triassic extinction event. The best known genus is '' Glossopteris,'' a leaf form genus. Other examples are ''

Gangamopteris ''Gangamopteris'' is a genus of Carboniferous-Permian plants, very similar to '' Glossopteris''. Previously, it was classified as fern with reproduction by seed. The genus is usually only applied to leaves, making it a form taxon. ''Gangamopter ...

'' '' Glossotheca'' and '' Vertebraria''. Permian permineralised glossopterid reproduction organs found in the central Transantarctic Mountains suggest seeds had an adaxial attachment to the leaf-like mega-sporophyll. This indicate Glossopteridales can be classified as seed ferns and is important in determining the status of the group as either close relatives or ancestors of the

angiosperm Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants ...

Midrib This glossary of botanical terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to botany and plants in general. Terms of plant morphology are included here as well as at the more specific Glossary of plant morphology and Glossary o ...

-less forms were common in the Early Permian whereas midrib forms were more common in the

Late Permian Late may refer to: * LATE, an acronym which could stand for: ** Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia ** Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law ** Local average treatment effect, ...

References

; Notes ; Sources * *

External links

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Glossipteridales
Pteridospermatophyta Prehistoric plant orders Permian plants Triassic plants Cisuralian first appearances Permian extinctions {{triassic-plant-stub

See also

References

External links