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Clash At Habersbirk
The Clash at Habersbirk ( Czech: ''Habartov'') was the first armed confrontation between the Czechoslovak gendarmerie and the Sudeten Germans. It is sometimes marked as the first battle of the Second World War. Background In 1938, Habersbirk was inhabited by 3,135 people, of whom 207 were Czech. The population was overwhelmingly Sudeten German. The local gendarmerie was composed of four Czech men: chief (''praporčík'') Jan Koukol and sergeants Jan Pardus, Antonín Křepela and Matěj Příbek. During the year, the gendarmerie station received a number of threatening anonymous messages, mainly targeted at Pardus. The ordners set out to guard crossroads in the area. The clash The first incidents occurred in the morning of 13 September. Sergeant Pardus was intercepted by a crowd of Sudeten Germans on his way to purchase cigarettes, but only met with swear words. A swastika The swastika (卐 or 卍) is an ancient religious and cultural symbol, predominantly in vario ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habartov
Habartov (german: Habersbirk) is a town in Sokolov District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 4,700 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages of Horní Částkov, Kluč, Lítov and Úžlabí are administrative parts of Habartov. Geography Habartov is situated about west of Sokolov and west of Karlovy Vary. The northern part of the municipal territory with the town proper lies in the southwestern tip of the Ore Mountains, the southern part of Habartov extends into the Sokolov Basin. The highest point is the hill Částkovský vrch at above sea level. Half of Medard Lake is situated in Habartov. History The first written mention of Habartov is from 1339. The most notable owners of the town were the Nostitz family, who held it from 1668 to 1719. Habartov grew thanks to coal mining and mineral processing near the village, and gradually became a town in the 19th century. After 1945, a large part of Habartov was demolished due to coal mining. Demog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudeten German Uprising
Sudeten German uprising ( cs, sudetoněmecké povstání) in September 1938 was a spontaneous rebellion of Sudeten Germans against Czechoslovak authorities in Sudetenland, but at the same time, an organized action orchestrated by Sudeten German Party (SdP) chaired by Konrad Henlein. Therefore, the uprising is also referred to as the Henlein's coup (or coup attempt; cs, henleinovský puč). On 10 September 1938, all district organizations of the SdP received an order from Nuremberg to start protests and provocations. On 11 September, Henlein's supporters clashed with policemen and gendarmes in Cheb, Liberec, Teplice, and other places. On the evening of 12 September, Sudeten Germans listened en masse to the Hitler's radio speech accusing Czechoslovakia of torturing and oppressing the German minority. This speech sparked a wave of violence against Czechs, Jews and Sudeten German anti-fascists in the borderlands. On the morning of 13 September, the pre-planned armed uprising b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The Sudets (without CoA)
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as the maritime environment, where semaphore is used). Many flags fall into groups of similar designs called flag families. The study of flags is known as " vexillology" from the Latin , meaning "flag" or " banner". National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes. Some military units are called "flags" after their use of flags. A ''flag'' (Arabic: ) is equivalent to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudeten German Party
The Sudeten German Party (german: Sudetendeutsche Partei, SdP, cs, Sudetoněmecká strana) was created by Konrad Henlein under the name ''Sudetendeutsche Heimatfront'' ("Front of the Sudeten German Homeland") on 1 October 1933, some months after the First Czechoslovak Republic had outlawed the German National Socialist Workers' Party (''Deutsche Nationalsozialistische Arbeiterpartei'', DNSAP). In April 1935, the party was renamed ''Sudetendeutsche Partei'' following a mandatory demand of the Czechoslovak government. The name was officially changed to Sudeten German and Carpathian German Party (''Sudetendeutsche und Karpatendeutsche Partei'') in November 1935. With the rising power of Nazi Party in Germany, the Sudeten German Party became a major pro-Nazi force in Czechoslovakia with the explicit official aim of breaking the country up and joining it to the Third Reich. By June 1938, the party had over 1.3 million members, i.e. 40.6% of ethnic-German citizens of Czechoslovakia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudetendeutsches Freikorps
, image = Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1972-026-51, Anschluss sudetendeutscher Gebiete.jpg , caption = Sudetendeutsches Freikorps members , dates = 1938 to 1939 , country = , allegiance = Adolf Hitler , branch = , type = Terrorist organization , role = Break-up of Czechoslovakia , size = , command_structure = , garrison = , garrison_label = , nickname = , patron = , motto = , colors = , colors_label = , march= , mascot= , equipment= , equipment_label= , battles= Sudeten German uprising, Undeclared German–Czechoslovak war , anniversaries= , decorations= , battle_honours= , disbanded= , flying_hours= , website= , commander1= Friedrich Köchling , commander1_label= De facto commander , commander2= Konrad Henlein , commander2_label= Formal commander , commander3= Karl Hermann Frank , commander3_label= Vice-commander , commander4= Anton Pfrogner , commander4_label= Chief of staff , notable_commanders= , identification_symbol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czech Language
Czech (; Czech ), historically also Bohemian (; ''lingua Bohemica'' in Latin), is a West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group, written in Latin script. Spoken by over 10 million people, it serves as the official language of the Czech Republic. Czech is closely related to Slovak, to the point of high mutual intelligibility, as well as to Polish to a lesser degree. Czech is a fusional language with a rich system of morphology and relatively flexible word order. Its vocabulary has been extensively influenced by Latin and German. The Czech–Slovak group developed within West Slavic in the high medieval period, and the standardization of Czech and Slovak within the Czech–Slovak dialect continuum emerged in the early modern period. In the later 18th to mid-19th century, the modern written standard became codified in the context of the Czech National Revival. The main non-standard variety, known as Common Czech, is based on the vernacular of Prague, but is now spoken as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gendarmerie (Czechoslovakia)
The Gendarmerie ( cs, Četnictvo) in the First Czechoslovak Republic was a paramilitary force responsible for law enforcement in rural areas, as well as anti-riot and counterinsurgency duties. Inherited by Czechoslovakia from a predecessor force established by the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1849, the Gendarmerie was subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior, though could be transferred to control of the Czechoslovak Army during time of war. By the early 1930s it had a strength of nearly 13,000 personnel. It saw action during the Sudeten German uprising of 1938, in which a number of gendarmes were killed in action. History and operations Predecessor A gendarmerie, modeled on the ''National Gendarmerie, Gendarmerie Nationale'' of France, was originally established in 1849 in the Austro-Hungarian Empire as a component of the Imperial Austrian Army (1806–1867), Imperial Austrian Army. In 1876, this force was made administratively separate from the army and was operationally divi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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