Cladonia Cristatella

	Cladonia Cristatella ''Cladonia cristatella'', commonly known as the British soldiers lichen or the British soldiers cup lichen, is a fruticose, cup lichen belonging to the family Cladoniaceae. The species was first described scientifically by American botanist Edward Tuckerman in 1858. See also * List of ''Cladonia'' species References External links * {{Taxonbar, from=Q3678862 Lichens described in 1858 cristatella ''Cristatella mucedo'' is a bryozoan in the family Cristatellidae, and the only species of the genus ''Cristatella''. They are noted for their elongated shape and colorless, transparent bodies. Distribution The species can be found in north-east ... Lichen species Taxa named by Edward Tuckerman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Edward Tuckerman Edward Tuckerman (December 7, 1817 in Boston, Massachusetts – March 15, 1886) was an American botanist and professor who made significant contributions to the study of lichens and other alpine plants. He was a founding member of the Natural History Society of Boston and most of his career was spent at Amherst College. He did the majority of his collecting on the slopes of Mount Washington in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. Tuckerman Ravine was named in his honor. The standard botanical author abbreviation Tuck. is applied to species he described. Early life and education Tuckerman was the eldest son of a Boston merchant, also Edward Tuckerman, and Sophia (May) Tuckerman. He studied at Boston Latin School and then at his father's urging at Union College in Schenectady, which he entered as a sophomore and where he completed a BA in 1837 and to which he returned for his MA after taking a law degree at Harvard in 1839, traveling in Germany and Scandinavia, and making ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Cladonia ''Cladonia'' is a genus of moss-like lichens in the family Cladoniaceae. They are the primary food source for reindeer/caribou. ''Cladonia'' species are of economic importance to reindeer-herders, such as the Sami in Scandinavia or the Nenets in Russia. Antibiotic compounds are extracted from some species to create antibiotic cream. The light green species ''Cladonia stellaris'' is used in flower decorations. Although the phylogeny of the genus ''Cladonia'' is still under investigation, two main morphological groups are commonly differentiated by taxonomists: the ''Cladonia'' morpho-type and the ''Cladina'' morpho-type. The ''Cladonia'' morpho-type has many more species, and is generally described as a group of squamulose (grow from squamules), cup-bearing lichens. The ''Cladina'' morpho-types are often referred to as forage lichens, mat-forming lichens, or reindeer lichens (due to their importance as caribou winter forage). ''Cladonia perforata'' ("perforate cladonia") is o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Cladoniaceae The Cladoniaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Lecanorales. It is one of the largest families of lichen-forming fungi, with about 560 species distributed amongst 17 genera. The reindeer moss and cup lichens (''Cladonia'') belong to this family. The latter genus, which comprises about 500 species, forms a major part of the diet of large mammals in taiga and tundra ecosystems. Many Cladoniaceae lichens grow on soil, but other can use decaying wood, tree trunks, and, in a few instances, rocks as their substrate. They grow in places with high humidity, and cannot tolerate aridity. Many Cladoniaceae species are characterized by a thallus that has two distinct forms: a scaly or crust-like primary thallus that, depending on the species, can be permanent or temporary, and a secondary fruticose thallus called a podetium or pseudopodetium. Cladoniaceae members form symbiotic associations with green algae from the class Trebouxiophyceae, usually the genus '' Asterochloris' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Species Description A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been described previously or are related. In order for species to be validly described, they need to follow guidelines established over time. Zoological naming requires adherence to the ICZN code, plants, the ICN, viruses ICTV, and so on. The species description often contains photographs or other illustrations of type material along with a note on where they are deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million species have been identified and described, out of some 8.7 million that may actually exist. Millions more have become extinct throughout the existence of life on Earth. Naming process A name of a new species becomes valid (available in zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	List Of Cladonia Species ''Cladonia'' is a large genus of lichens in the family Cladoniaceae. , ''Species Fungorum'' lists 233 species in the genus. A '' Cladonia acervata'' '' Cladonia ahtii'' '' Cladonia alaskana'' '' Cladonia albofuscescens'' '' Cladonia albonigra'' '' Cladonia aleuropoda'' '' Cladonia alpina'' Yoshim. (1968) ''Cladonia amaurocraea'' '' Cladonia anaemica'' '' Cladonia andesita'' '' Cladonia angustata'' '' Cladonia appalachensis'' '' Cladonia apodocarpa'' ''Cladonia arbuscula'' '' Cladonia archeri'' '' Cladonia arcuata'' '' Cladonia argentea'' '' Cladonia asahinae'' '' Cladonia atlantica'' A.Evans (1944) '' Cladonia atrans'' '' Cladonia attacta'' '' Cladonia awasthiana'' B '' Cladonia bacillaris'' '' Cladonia bacilliformis'' '' Cladonia bahiana'' '' Cladonia bangii'' '' Cladonia bellidiflora'' '' Cladonia berghsonii'' '' Cladonia bimberiensis'' '' Cladonia borbonica'' '' Cladonia borealis'' '' Clad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Lichens Described In 1858 A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not plant s. They may have tiny, leafless branches ( fruticose ); flat leaf-like structures ( [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]