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Chronicon Leobiense
''Anonymus Leobiensis'' (Anonymous of Leoben) or ''Chronicon Leobiense'' (Chronicle of Leoben) is the conventional name for a Latin chronicle written in or shortly after 1345. It covers the years from the incarnation of Christ down to 1345 with an emphasis on the Holy Roman Empire and the Papacy. The author was certainly a cleric and a native of Leoben in the Duchy of Styria (today in Austria). He has been tentatively identified with Conrad of Leoben, a lecturer at the Dominican church in Vienna.Karl Ubl"Anonymus Leobiensis" in Graeme Dunphy, Cristian Bratu (eds.), ''Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle'' (Brill, 2016). Consulted online on 21 December 2017. The main sources for the ''Anonymus Leobiensis'' are the ''Liber certarum historiarum'' of John of Viktring and the ''Chronicon pontificum et imperatorum'' of Martin of Opava. A copy of the former was kept at the court of the Duke of Austria in Vienna, while a copy of Martin of Opava's chronicle was expanded in Leoben ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Latin
Medieval Latin was the form of Literary Latin used in Roman Catholic Church, Roman Catholic Western Europe during the Middle Ages. In this region it served as the primary written language, though local languages were also written to varying degrees. Latin functioned as the main medium of scholarly exchange, as the liturgical language of the Roman Catholic Church, Church, and as the working language of science, literature, law, and administration. Medieval Latin represented a continuation of Classical Latin and Late Latin, with enhancements for new concepts as well as for the increasing integration of Christianity. Despite some meaningful differences from Classical Latin, Medieval writers did not regard it as a fundamentally different language. There is no real consensus on the exact boundary where Late Latin ends and Medieval Latin begins. Some scholarly surveys begin with the rise of early Ecclesiastical Latin in the middle of the 4th century, others around 500, and still other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incarnation Of Christ
In Christian theology, the incarnation is the belief that the pre-existent divine person of Jesus Christ, God the Son, the second person of the Trinity, and the eternally begotten ''Logos'' (Koine Greek for "word"), took upon human nature and "was made flesh" by being conceived in the womb of a woman, the Virgin Mary, also known as the ''Theotokos'' (Greek for "God-bearer" or "Mother of God"). The doctrine of the incarnation then entails that Jesus was at the same time both fully God and fully human—two natures in one person. In the incarnation, as traditionally defined by those Churches that adhere to the Council of Chalcedon, the divine nature of the Son was united but not mixed with human nature in one divine person, Jesus, who was both "truly God and truly man". This is central to the traditional faith held by most Christians. Alternative views on the subject (see Ebionites and the Gospel of the Hebrews) have been proposed throughout the centuries, but all were rejected by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a Polity, political entity in Western Europe, Western, Central Europe, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. From the accession of Otto I in 962 until the twelfth century, the Empire was the most powerful monarchy in Europe. Andrew Holt characterizes it as "perhaps the most powerful European state of the Middle Ages". The functioning of government depended on the harmonic cooperation (dubbed ''consensual rulership'' by Bernd Schneidmüller) between monarch and vassals but this harmony was disturbed during the Salian Dynasty, Salian period. The empire reached the apex of territorial expansion and power under the House of Hohenstaufen in the mid-thirteenth century, but overextending led to partial collapse. On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned the List of Frankish kings, Frankish king Charlemagne as Carolingi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papacy
The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Catholic Church, and has also served as the head of state or sovereign of the Papal States and later the Vatican City State since the eighth century. From a Catholic viewpoint, the primacy of the bishop of Rome is largely derived from his role as the apostolic successor to Saint Peter, to whom primacy was conferred by Jesus, who gave Peter the Keys of Heaven and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the Church would be built. The current pope is Francis, who was elected on 13 March 2013. While his office is called the papacy, the jurisdiction of the episcopal see is called the Holy See. It is the Holy See that is the sovereign entity by international law headquartered in the distinctively independent Vatican ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leoben
Leoben () is a Styrian city in central Austria, located on the Mur river. With a population of about 25,000 it is a local industrial centre and hosts the University of Leoben, which specialises in mining. The Peace of Leoben, an armistice between Austria and France preliminary to the Treaty of Campo Formio, was signed in Leoben in 1797. The Justice Centre Leoben is a prison designed by architect Josef Hohensinn, which was completed in 2005. Name Leoben was attested in historical sources as ''Liupina'' in AD 904. The name is of Slavic origin, meaning 'beloved', and is derived from the root ''ljub-'' 'love'. Past and present Leoben is known as the “Gateway to the Styrian Iron Road”. The 13th-century Main Square features the Hackl House with its baroque façade in red and white. The City Parish Church, St. Francis Xavier, built in 1660, comprises a 17th-century interior and is considered one of the most significant Jesuit churches in Austria. Also of note is the Art Nouv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (german: Herzogtum Steiermark; sl, Vojvodina Štajerska; hu, Stájer Hercegség) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. History It was created by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1180 when he raised the March of Styria to a duchy of equal rank with neighbouring Carinthia and Bavaria, after the fall of the Bavarian duke Henry the Lion earlier that year. Margrave Ottokar IV thereby became the first Duke of Styria and also the last of the ancient Otakar dynasty. As Ottokar had no issue, he in 1186 signed the Georgenberg Pact with the mighty House of Babenberg, rulers of Austria since 976, after which both duchies should in perpetuity be ruled in personal union. Upon his death in 1192, Styria as stipulated fell to the Babenberg duke Leopold V of Austria. The Austrian Babenb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dominican Church, Vienna
The Dominican Church (german: Dominikanerkirche), also known as the Church of St. Maria Rotunda, is an early Baroque parish church and minor basilica in the historic center of Vienna, Austria. It is the third church built on the same site in the course of time. History The first church on this site was built in 1237 by the newly arrived Dominicans on a parcel of land allotted in 1225-1226 by the duke Leopold VI. The church was enlarged between 1240–1270 and a new choir was added in 1273. A series of fires caused the construction of a new Gothic church between 1283 and 1302. The nave was extended between 1458 and 1474. This church consisted of a nave with five cross vaults, and two aisles. This church was heavily damaged during the first siege of Vienna by the Turkish army in 1529. The choir was demolished and the nave was partly taken down. The building became more and more dilapidated during the next period. The new-found self-awareness of the Counter-Reformation didn’t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Of Viktring
John of Viktring (german: Johann von Viktring, sl, Janez Vetrinjski, la, Iohannis abbatis Victorensis; 12 November 1347) was a late medieval chronicler and political advisor to Duke Henry of Carinthia. Life Nothing is known of John's early life; of aristocratic birth, he possibly was of Lorraine descendance from the area of Metz. Having received a thorough spiritual education, he was elected abbot of the Cistercian monastery of Viktring in Carinthia on 15 February 1312. His high-mindedness and distinction opened him the doors to the Carinthian nobility and administration. John served as a chaplain and confidential secretary to the ''Meinhardiner'' duke Henry of Carinthia; in 1330, he accompanied King John of Bohemia on his campaign from Tyrolean Innsbruck across the Brenner Pass to Trent, presumably at the behest of the Carinthian duke. Upon the Henry's death in 1335, John journeyed to the Austrian city of Linz at the request of Henry's daughter, Countess Margaret of Tyrol, in or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Of Opava
Martin of Opava, O.P. (died 1278) also known as Martin of Poland, was a 13th-century Dominican friar, bishop and chronicler. Life Known in Latin as ''Frater Martinus Ordinis Praedicatorum'' (Brother Martin of the Order of Preachers), he is believed to have been born, at an unknown date, in the Silesian town of Opava, at that time part of the Margraviate of Moravia. From the middle of the 13th century, Martin was active in Rome as confessor and chaplain for Pope Alexander IV and his successors, Urban IV, Clement IV, Gregory X, Innocent V, Adrian V and John XXI (d. 1277), the last pope to appear in his chronicles. On 22 June 1278, Pope Nicholas III, while in Viterbo, appointed him archbishop of Gniezno. While travelling to his new episcopal see, Martin died in Bologna, where he was buried at the Basilica of San Domenico, near the tomb of the founder of his Order. Works Martin's Latin chronicle, the ''Chronicon pontificum et imperatorum'', was intended for the school-room. It i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Austria
This is a list of people who have ruled either the Margraviate of Austria, the Duchy of Austria or the Archduchy of Austria. From 976 until 1246, the margraviate and its successor, the duchy, was ruled by the House of Babenberg. At that time, those states were part of the Holy Roman Empire. From 1246 until 1918, the duchy and its successor, the archduchy, was ruled by the House of Habsburg. Following the defeat of Austria-Hungary in World War I, the titles were abolished or fell into abeyance with the erection of the modern Republic of Austria. Margraves of Austria The March of Austria, also known as ''Marcha Orientalis'', was first formed in 976 out of the lands that had once been the March of Pannonia in Carolingian times. The oldest attestation dates back to 996, where the written name "ostarrichi" occurs in a document transferring land in present-day Austria to a Bavarian monastery. House of Babenberg , width=auto, Leopold I the Illustrious(''Luitpold der Erlauchte'')9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Of Roes
Alexander of Roes (died after 1288) was the dean of St. Maria im Kapitol, Cologne, canon law jurist, and author on history and prophecy. He was a member of a patrician Cologne family and was a member of the social group in Rome headed by Cardinal Jacobus de Columna, to whom he dedicated ''Memoriale...'' Views In the period from about 1250 to 1280, Jordan of Osnabrück followed by Alexander wrote two tracts (the ''Memoriale'') supporting the Holy Roman Empire as a German institution. The subject insisted the land south of the Rhine River was Germanic. This period covered the rapid decline of the House of Hohenstaufen, and Alexander acknowledged the role of the papacy, then at its peak. He broadly accepted the papal interpretation of ''translatio imperii''. In terms of the Church he was a reformer, looking for the end of simony.Charles T. Davis, ''Dante's Vision of History'', Dante Studies, with the Annual Report of the Dante Society No. 93 (1975), pp. 143-160, at p. 155. Published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anonymi Chronicon Austriacum
The ''Anonymi Chronicon Austriacum'' (Anonymous Austrian chronicle) is an anonymous Middle Latin chronicle that covers the years 973–1327.Auguste Molinier"2903. Chronicon Austriacum (973–1327), publiée dans A. Rauch, ''Rerum Austriacarum scriptores'', II, 209–312,"''Collections numériques de la Sorbonne'', 3 (1903), p. 207. It was first published in 1793 by Adrian Rauch alongside the '' Annales Zwetlenses'', both from a paper manuscript he found in the Bibliotheca Palatina Vindobonensis (Palatine Library of Vienna).Cf. Rauch, 209ff. It is an important source for the late 13th and early 14th century in Austria. It also contains pertinent information about France during the reigns of the German kings Adolf (1292–98) and Albert I (1298–1308). It is the only source for the Mongol raid in the Latin Empire in 1242. Its account of this raid was copied into the ''Chronicon Leobiense ''Anonymus Leobiensis'' (Anonymous of Leoben) or ''Chronicon Leobiense'' (Chronicle of Leob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
