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Chiridotidae
Chiridotidae is a family of sea cucumbers found in the order Apodida. Within the family, there are 16 recognized genera all with different ranges of body types and functions. Sea cucumbers play a fundamental role in many marine ecosystems. Description Members in this family have 10, 12, or 18 pelto-digitate tentacles. They lack podia, radial canals, a respiratory tree, and papillae. However, their body structure does include ossicles, tentacles, a calcareous ring, and a ciliary urn. Chiridotidae typically undergo direct development and can usually be found in benthic ecosystems. Within their benthic systems they feed off of detritus meaning they must have a digestive tract. Taxonomy The following genera are recognised in the family Chiridotidae: * '' Archedota'' O'Loughlin in O'Loughlin & VandenSpiegel, 2007 -- 1 species * ''Chiridota'' Eschscholtz, 1829 -- 37 species * '' Gymnopipina'' Souto & Martins in Souto et al., 2017 -- 1 species * †'' Jumaraina'' Soodan, 1973 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiridotidae
Chiridotidae is a family of sea cucumbers found in the order Apodida. Within the family, there are 16 recognized genera all with different ranges of body types and functions. Sea cucumbers play a fundamental role in many marine ecosystems. Description Members in this family have 10, 12, or 18 pelto-digitate tentacles. They lack podia, radial canals, a respiratory tree, and papillae. However, their body structure does include ossicles, tentacles, a calcareous ring, and a ciliary urn. Chiridotidae typically undergo direct development and can usually be found in benthic ecosystems. Within their benthic systems they feed off of detritus meaning they must have a digestive tract. Taxonomy The following genera are recognised in the family Chiridotidae: * '' Archedota'' O'Loughlin in O'Loughlin & VandenSpiegel, 2007 -- 1 species * ''Chiridota'' Eschscholtz, 1829 -- 37 species * '' Gymnopipina'' Souto & Martins in Souto et al., 2017 -- 1 species * †'' Jumaraina'' Soodan, 1973 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiridota
''Chiridota'' is a genus of sea cucumbers in the family Chiridotidae. It is an extant genus but some fossil species are known. Taxonomy The following species are recognised in the genus ''Chiridota'': * '' Chiridota albatrossii'' Edwards, 1907 * '' Chiridota aponocrita'' Clark, 1920 * †'' Chiridota atava'' Waagen 1867 * '' Chiridota carnleyensis'' Mortensen, 1925 * '' Chiridota conceptacula'' Cherbonnier, 1963 * '' Chiridota discolor'' Eschscholtz, 1829 * '' Chiridota durbanensis'' Thandar, 1997 * †'' Chirodota elegans'' Malagoli 1888 (Pliocene) * '' Chiridota exuga'' Cherbonnier, 1986 * '' Chiridota fernandensis'' Ludwig, 1898 * '' Chiridota ferruginea'' (Verrill, 1882) * '' Chiridota gigas'' Dendy & Hindle, 1907 * '' Chiridota hawaiiensis'' Fisher, 1907 * ''Chiridota heheva'' Pawson & Vance, 2004 * †'' Chiridota heptalampra'' Bartenstein, 1936 * ''Chiridota hydrothermica'' Smirnov & Gebruk, 2000 * '' Chiridota impatiens'' Yamana & Tanaka, 2017 * '' Chiridota intermedia'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiridota Rotifera (10
''Chiridota'' is a genus of sea cucumbers in the family Chiridotidae. It is an extant genus but some fossil species are known. Taxonomy The following species are recognised in the genus ''Chiridota'': * '' Chiridota albatrossii'' Edwards, 1907 * '' Chiridota aponocrita'' Clark, 1920 * †'' Chiridota atava'' Waagen 1867 * '' Chiridota carnleyensis'' Mortensen, 1925 * '' Chiridota conceptacula'' Cherbonnier, 1963 * '' Chiridota discolor'' Eschscholtz, 1829 * '' Chiridota durbanensis'' Thandar, 1997 * †'' Chirodota elegans'' Malagoli 1888 (Pliocene) * '' Chiridota exuga'' Cherbonnier, 1986 * '' Chiridota fernandensis'' Ludwig, 1898 * '' Chiridota ferruginea'' (Verrill, 1882) * '' Chiridota gigas'' Dendy & Hindle, 1907 * '' Chiridota hawaiiensis'' Fisher, 1907 * ''Chiridota heheva'' Pawson & Vance, 2004 * †'' Chiridota heptalampra'' Bartenstein, 1936 * '' Chiridota hydrothermica'' Smirnov & Gebruk, 2000 * '' Chiridota impatiens'' Yamana & Tanaka, 2017 * '' Chiridota intermedia'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apodida
Apodida is an order of littoral to deep-sea, largely infaunal holothurians, sea cucumbers. This order comprises three families, 32 genera and about 270 known species, called apodids, "without feet". Characteristics These sea cucumbers are vagile holothurians with an elongated shape (up to 3 meters for ''Synapta maculata''), worm or snake-like. Their shape is adapted for burrowing through the sediment, sometimes in a fashion similar to earthworms. Their mouth is surrounded with 10-25 pinnate or peltate tentacles. The absence of tube feet gives the order its name, ''Apodida'' meaning ''without feet'' : they move by crawling on the sediment, hence they need flat bottoms with few current. Members of this order have a circum-oral ring and tentacles, but do not have tube feet or radial canals. They also lack the complex respiratory trees found in other sea cucumbers, and respire and excrete nitrogenous waste through their skin. The ossicles, minute calcareous plates embedded in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiridota Heheva
''Chiridota heheva'' is a species of sea cucumber in the family Chiridotidae Chiridotidae is a family of sea cucumbers found in the order Apodida. Within the family, there are 16 recognized genera all with different ranges of body types and functions. Sea cucumbers play a fundamental role in many marine ecosystems. Des .... The species is found in the Western Atlantic Ocean, in deeper regions and cold seeps. It was described by Pawson and Vance in 2004. References Chiridotidae Animals described in 2004 {{Holothuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polycheira
''Polycheira'' is a genus of holothurians (sea cucumbers) found in tropical Indo-Pacific. A curious pattern of reproduction has been found in '' Polycheira rufescens'' where specimens change their sex from male to female and from female to male in a reproductive season Systematics ''Polycheira'' appear to be closely related to the genus '' Chiridota'' (both belong to the subfamily Chiridotinae). The type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ... of the genus is ''Polycheira rufescens'' (Brandt, 1835). The following species are recognised in the genus ''Polycheira'': *'' Polycheira echinata'' Heding, 1928 *'' Polycheira rufescens'' (Brandt, 1835) References Holothuroidea genera Chiridotidae {{Holothuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theelia
''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago ( Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ... are assigned to the genus ''Theelia'', they include the following: * †'' Theelia alta'' Speckmann 1968 * †'' Theelia alveata'' Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976 * †'' Theelia anguinea'' Mostler 1971 * †'' Theelia conglobata'' Mostler 1971 * †'' Theelia convexa'' Whidborne 1883 * †'' Theelia crassidentata'' Deflandre-Rigaud 1950 * †'' Theelia dentata'' Górka and Luszczewska 1969 * †'' Theelia doreckae'' Kozur and Mostler 1971 * †'' Theelia dzhulfaensis'' Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976 * †'' Theelia f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinoderm Families
An echinoderm () is any member of the phylum Echinodermata (). The adults are recognisable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, as well as the sea lilies or "stone lilies". Adult echinoderms are found on the sea bed at every ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone. The phylum contains about 7,000 living species, making it the second-largest grouping of deuterostomes, after the chordates. Echinoderms are the largest entirely marine phylum. The first definitive echinoderms appeared near the start of the Cambrian. The echinoderms are important both ecologically and geologically. Ecologically, there are few other groupings so abundant in the biotic desert of the deep sea, as well as shallower oceans. Most echinoderms are able to reproduce asexually and regenerate tissue, organs, and limbs; in some cases, they can undergo complete regeneration from a single limb. Geolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madreporite
The madreporite is a light colored calcareous opening used to filter water into the water vascular system of echinoderms. It acts like a pressure-equalizing valve. It is visible as a small red or yellow button-like structure, looking like a small wart, on the aboral surface of the central disk of a sea star or sea urchin or the oral surface of Ophiuroidea. Close up, it is visibly structured, resembling a "madrepore" (stone coral, Scleractinia) colony. From this, it derives its name. The water vascular system of the sea star consists of a series of seawater-filled ducts that function in locomotion and feeding and respiration. Its main parts are the madreporite, the stone canal, the ring canal, the radial canals, the lateral canals, and the tube feet. The sieve-like madreporite allows entry of seawater into the stone canal, which connects to the ring canal around the mouth. Five or more radial canals extend from the ring canal, one in each arm above the ambulacral groove. From th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Respiratory Tract
The respiratory tract is the subdivision of the respiratory system involved with the process of respiration in mammals. The respiratory tract is lined with respiratory epithelium as respiratory mucosa. Air is breathed in through the nose to the nasal cavity, where a layer of nasal mucosa acts as a filter and traps pollutants and other harmful substances found in the air. Next, air moves into the pharynx, a passage that contains the intersection between the oesophagus and the larynx. The opening of the larynx has a special flap of cartilage, the epiglottis, that opens to allow air to pass through but closes to prevent food from moving into the airway. From the larynx, air moves into the trachea and down to the intersection known as the carina that branches to form the right and left primary (main) bronchi. Each of these bronchi branches into a secondary (lobar) bronchus that branches into tertiary (segmental) bronchi, that branch into smaller airways called bronchioles that ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Detritus
In biology, detritus () is dead particulate organic material, as distinguished from dissolved organic material. Detritus typically includes the bodies or fragments of bodies of dead organisms, and fecal material. Detritus typically hosts communities of microorganisms that colonize and decompose (i.e. remineralize) it. In terrestrial ecosystems it is present as leaf litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, which is denominated " soil organic matter". The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic material that is suspended in the water and accumulates in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is denominated "marine snow". Theory The corpses of dead plants or animals, material derived from animal tissues (e.g. molted skin), and fecal matter gradually lose their form due to physical processes and the action of decomposers, including grazers, bacteria, and fungi. Decomposition, the process by which or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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