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Cheboksary Reservoir
Cheboksary Reservoir (Russian: Чебоксарское водохранилище, Chuvash: Шупашкар шыв усравĕ, ''Şupaşkar şıv usravĕ'') is an artificial lake in the central part of the Volga River and formed by the Cheboksary Dam in Novocheboksarsk. A surface area of Cheboksary Reservoir is , max width is , max depth is . The reservoir has partly flooded the Mari Depression.Марийская низменность, Great Soviet Encyclopedia in 30 vols. / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M, 1969-1978. The largest cities on the Reservoir are Nizhny Novgorod, Cheboksary and Kozmodemyansk Kozmodemyansk (russian: Козьмодемьянск) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia. ;Urban localities * Kozmodemyansk, Mari El Republic, a town in the Mari El Republic; ;Rural localities * Kozmodemyansk, Sovetsky Distric .... Notes Reservoirs in Mari El Reservoirs in Chuvashia Reservoirs in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Reservoirs in Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and shares Borders of Russia, land boundaries with fourteen countries, more than List of countries and territories by land borders, any other country but China. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's ninth-most populous country and List of European countries by population, Europe's most populous country, with a population of 146 million people. The country's capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city is Moscow, the List of European cities by population within city limits, largest city entirely within E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artificial Lake
A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation. Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including controlling a watercourse that drains an existing body of water, interrupting a watercourse to form an embayment within it, through excavation, or building any number of retaining walls or levees. In other contexts, "reservoirs" may refer to storage spaces for various fluids; they may hold liquids or gasses, including hydrocarbons. ''Tank reservoirs'' store these in ground-level, elevated, or buried tanks. Tank reservoirs for water are also called cisterns. Most underground reservoirs are used to store liquids, principally either water or petroleum. Types Dammed valleys Dammed reservoirs are artificial lakes created and controlled by a dam constructed across a valley, and rely on the natural topography to provide most of the basin of the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volga River
The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length, longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catchment area of «Река Волга» , Russian State Water Registry which is more than twice the size of Ukraine. It is also Europe's largest river in terms of average discharge (hydrology), discharge at delta – between and – and of drainage basin. It is widely regarded as the Rivers in Russia, national river of Russia. The hypothetical old Russian state, the Rus' Khaganate, arose along the Volga . Historically, the river served as an important meeting place of various Eurasian civilizations. The river flows in Russia through forests, Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheboksary Dam
The Cheboksary Dam (russian: Чебокса́рская ГЭС, Cheboksary GES) is a hydroelectric dam on the Volga river, the latest of the Volga-Kama Cascade of dams. Technical data Construction started in the USSR in 1968 and mostly completed by 1986. The complex consists of power plant built in dam 548 m long, concrete spillway dam 120 m long, earth fill dams with a total length of 3355 m, and a single-chamber two-lane lock. The total water front length is 4480 m. Installed power is 1404 MW, designed average annual production is 3310 GWh, but actual annual production is 2100 GWh due to lowered reservoir level. Power house has 18 generator units with Kaplan turbines, each 78 MW at 12.4 m head. The dam forms Cheboksary Reservoir with surface area of 2182 km². Reservoir level problem The station began to work in 1981 with normal water level lowered to 63 m above sea level. Most of flooded land belonged to Mari El Republic. Flooded land included valuable meadows, several ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novocheboksarsk
Novocheboksarsk (russian: Новочебокса́рск; cv, Ҫӗнӗ Шупашкар, ''Śĕnĕ Şupaşkar'') is a city in the Chuvash Republic, Russia, located on the southern bank of the Volga River, about east of Cheboksary, the capital of the republic. Population: History It was founded in 1960 when a trend of building satellite cities started. Starting from barren land, the growing town absorbed surrounding villages, such as Yelnikovo, Urakovo, Yandashevo, Anatkasy, and Tsygankasy. November 18, 1960 is customarily considered to be the city's birthday. City status was granted in 1971. The city grew at a rapid rate; in 1978 it covered , and on October 29, 1983 it passed 100,000 inhabitants. Construction began on vacant land. Expanding, it incorporated the neighboring villages of Yelnikovo, Yandashevo, Anatkasy, Tsygankasy, etc. On December 27, 1971 the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR issued the Decree "On Granting the City of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surface Area
The surface area of a solid object is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. The mathematical definition of surface area in the presence of curved surfaces is considerably more involved than the definition of arc length of one-dimensional curves, or of the surface area for polyhedra (i.e., objects with flat polygonal faces), for which the surface area is the sum of the areas of its faces. Smooth surfaces, such as a sphere, are assigned surface area using their representation as parametric surfaces. This definition of surface area is based on methods of infinitesimal calculus and involves partial derivatives and double integration. A general definition of surface area was sought by Henri Lebesgue and Hermann Minkowski at the turn of the twentieth century. Their work led to the development of geometric measure theory, which studies various notions of surface area for irregular objects of any dimension. An important example is the Minkowski cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mari Depression
The Mari Depression (russian: Марийская низменность) is a depression in Gornomariysky District, Mari El, Russian Federation. Geography The depression is located on the left side of the Volga, from the western borders of the Mari El to the Bolshaya Kokshaga River. The average height of the depression is between and and there are many small lakes and swamps.Марийская низменность in 30 vols. / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M, 1969-1978. The area is now partly flooded by the |
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' (GSE; ) is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later ''Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya'' (or '' Great Russian Encyclopedia'') in an updated and revised form. The GSE claimed to be "the first Marxist–Leninist general-purpose encyclopedia". Origins The idea of the ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' emerged in 1923 on the initiative of Otto Schmidt, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In early 1924 Schmidt worked with a group which included Mikhail Pokrovsky, (rector of the Institute of Red Professors), Nikolai Meshcheryakov (Former head of the Glavit, the State Administration of Publishing Affairs), Valery Bryusov (poet), Veniamin Kagan (mathematician) and Konstantin Kuzminsky to draw up a proposal which was agreed to in April 1924. Also involved was Anatoly Lunacharsky, People's Commissar of Education ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
City
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be defined as a permanent and densely settled place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, production of goods, and communication. Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organisations and businesses, sometimes benefiting different parties in the process, such as improving efficiency of goods and service distribution. Historically, city-dwellers have been a small proportion of humanity overall, but following two centuries of unprecedented and rapid urbanization, more than half of the world population now lives in cities, which has had profound consequences for g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət ), colloquially shortened to Nizhny, from the 13th to the 17th century Novgorod of the Lower Land, formerly known as Gorky (, ; 1932–1990), is the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast and the Volga Federal District. The city is located at the confluence of the Oka and the Volga rivers in Central Russia, with a population of over 1.2 million residents, up to roughly 1.7 million residents in the urban agglomeration. Nizhny Novgorod is the sixth-largest city in Russia, the second-most populous city on the Volga, as well as the Volga Federal District. It is an important economic, transportation, scientific, educational and cultural center in Russia and the vast Volga-Vyatka economic region, and is the main center of river tourism in Russia. In the historic part of the city there are many universities, theaters, museums and churches. The city w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheboksary
Cheboksary (; russian: Чебокса́ры, r=Cheboksáry, p=tɕɪbɐˈksarɨ; cv, Шупашкар, ''Şupaşkar'') is the capital city of Chuvashia, Russia and a port on the Volga River. Geography The city is located in the Volga Upland region and stands on the shore of the Cheboksary Reservoir. Its area is .Resolution #2083 The satellite city of Novocheboksarsk is located about east of Cheboksary. History Cheboksary was first mentioned in written sources in 1469, but according to archaeological excavations, the area had been populated much earlier. The site hosted a Bulgarian city of Veda Suvar, which appeared after Mongols defeated major Volga Bulgarian cities in the 13th century. During Khanate period the town is believed by some to have had a Turkic (probably, Tatar) name Çabaqsar and that the current Russian and English names originate from it. However, in maps by European travelers it was marked as Cibocar (Pizzigano, 1367), Veda-Suar (Fra Mauro, 1459). Shupashkar, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kozmodemyansk
Kozmodemyansk (russian: Козьмодемьянск) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia. ;Urban localities *Kozmodemyansk, Mari El Republic, a town in the Mari El Republic; ;Rural localities * Kozmodemyansk, Sovetsky District, Mari El Republic, a village in Mikhaylovsky Rural Okrug of Sovetsky District in the Mari El Republic; * Kozmodemyansk, Perm Krai, a '' selo'' in Karagaysky District of Perm Krai * Kozmodemyansk (selo), Yaroslavl Oblast, a ''selo'' in Melenkovsky Rural Okrug of Yaroslavsky District in Yaroslavl Oblast Yaroslavl Oblast (russian: Яросла́вская о́бласть, ''Yaroslavskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by Tver, Moscow, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostr ... * Kozmodemyansk (settlement), Yaroslavl Oblast, a settlement in Melenkovsky Rural Okrug of Yaroslavsky District in Yaroslavl Oblast {{Set index article, populated places in Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
