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Chakhig
Chakh ( Chechen: ''Эла Чах''), sometimes also referred to as Chakhig ( Chechen: ''Эла Чахиг''), was a Chechen ruler and the king of the Alans and Durdzuks from 1253 to 1278 as well as the leader of the Uprising of the North Caucasians, which is also commonly referred to as the Dedyakov rebellion. Chakh belonged to the powerful Sado-Orsoy dynasty of Chechnya and was the successor of Khour I. ''Chakh'' (Or ''Chakhig'') means "redheaded" in the Chechen language. Family and descendants * Khasi I ** Khour I *** Chakh **** Khasi II ***** Khour II ****** Makhama ***** Surakat ****** Bayr ****** Sarka Early life Chakh was born in 1240, shortly after his mother, Esirat, managed to escape Maghas through a secret passage into Cheberloy, as it was besieged by the Mongols. Chakh, along with his father was also one of the survivors of the persecution of the royal house by the Mongols, and through him, the ruling family survived. Chakh-Aul, a place in the Orsoy town, was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongol Invasions Of Durdzuketi
Throughout the 13th and 14th century, the ancestors of the Nakh peoples, Vainakh people, the Durdzuks, among different states and factions, waged a brutal and fierce war against the Mongol Empire, who sought to occupy the lands of the Nakh peoples, Vaynakh. Despite the inferiority in numbers and weapons, the Durdzuks managed to mostly keep their independence, although this also came at a heavy cost, as their resistance resulted in mass amounts of death among the Durdzuks and the destruction of their states, but also greatly shaped the people they would later become. The access to the lowlands was also lost, thus forcing the Durdzuks to adapt to their new situation, such as terracing plots of land and covering them in soil. The Sado-Orsoy dynasty, a clan which had been ruling the medieval Nakh state known as "Durdzuketi" in Georgian sources, was also driven to near extinction. Due to their constant resistance, at the end of the third Mongol campaign in 1240, an active result of heirs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khasi II
Khasi II ( Chechen: ''Эла Хаси II'' "''Prince Khasi II''") was a Chechen ruler and the king of the Durdzuks and Alans, although his reign was not recognized by the highlanders. He belonged to the Sado-Orsoy dynasty of Chechnya and was the successor of Chakh. Family and descendants *Khasi I **Khour I *** Chakh ****Khasi II ***** Khour II ******Makhama ***** Surakat ******Bayr ******Sarka Reign Between the years 1318–1319, 40 years after the last major confrontation between the North Caucasians and the Mongol Empire, Khasi launched a failed uprising against the Mongol Empire, which may have been the reason as to why Özbeg Khan set up his headquarters on the Sunzha River. Although his reign was not recognized by the Alans and Durdzuks, the uprising was supported by the highlanders. Khasi, unlike his ancestors, was a Muslim. However, according to other versions, Khasi, because of his religion, corporated with the Golden Horde and ran a pro-Mongol administration of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khour I
Khour I ( Chechen: ''Эла Ховра''), sometimes also referred to as Mokhtsur ( Chechen: ''Мохцур'') was a Chechen leader and self proclaimed ruler of the Durdzuks and Alans from 1241 to 1252 as well as the leader of the Insurgency in Durdzuketi. He belonged to the powerful Sado-Orsoy clan. Family and descendants * Khasi I ** Atachi ** Khour I *** Chakh **** Khasi II ***** Khour II ****** Makhama ***** Surakat ****** Bayr ****** Sarka Early life In the early 1200s, he was sent on two major campaigns together with the Georgian commander Ivane Mkhargrdzeli: The first being the invasion and pacification of the region Mingrelia, while the second being the invasion of Circassia. In the Sadoy village in Southeastern Chechnya, there is a place called "Khovri aul" ( Chechen: ''Ховри аул''), which is said to have been the personal estate of Khour. Mongol invasions of Durdzuketi and Alania Campaign in Circassia Before the start of the Main Mongol campa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Maghas
The Siege of Maghas was the largest battle during the Mongol invasions of the North Caucasus, which was fought between the Mongol Empire and its allies and the Durdzuketi and the Kingdom of Alania. The historic capital of the Alans and Durdzuks, whose location is strongly debated, was besieged for 3 months, until it eventually fell to the Mongols, who destroyed it afterwards. This resulted in the capitulation and eventual destruction of the Kingdom of Alania and the Principality of Durdzuketi as well as the mass migration of Durdzuks and Alans into the mountains. category: Battles involving Chechnya category: History of Chechnya category: Battles involving Ingushetia category: Battles involving the Alans category: 13th-century conflicts category: History of Ingushetia Background Mongol invasion of Circassia In 1236, Ögedei Khan sent a large army consisting of more than 200,000 under the command of Batu Khan (along with other commdanders) to the North Caucasus to h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khour II
Khour II ( Chechen: Эла Хоур/Ховра II, Russian: Каир-мек, Persian: Gayur-Khan) was a Chechen king that ruled the Simsir Princedom in the 14th century. He was named after Great Grandfather Khour I, which trasnlates to "Wise" or "Knowing" in the Chechen language. Khour was born into the powerful Sado-Orsoy clan that historically ruled Chechen, Ingush and Alan lands. During the 14th century, the very same clan managed to establish an independent Vainakh kingdom by the name Simsim (also referred to as "Shemu") that prospered until the invasion of Timur. Family line *Khasi I **Khour I ***Chakhig ****Khasi II *****Khour II ******Makhama ***** Surakat ******Bayr ******Sarka Background and historical references The earliest Historical reference to Khour comes in the form of a biography about Timur called Zafarnama from the 15th century. The biography was commissioned during the reign of Ibrahim Sultan, the grandson of Timur. The Zafarname has two versions from two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surakat
Surakat Sado-Orsoy ( Chechen : ''Эла Суракат'') was the ruler of the Avar Khanate from the early 1360s (possibly 1362) to 1396 and the prince ("Ela") of the Princedom of Simsim from 1396 to the early 1430s. He was the brother of Khour II and also his tributary. In 1396, following his defeat during Timur's campaign in mountainous Dagestan, he was forced to flee Avaria along with his entire family for Simsir, where he rebuilt his power, and, after allying with the Kingdom of Georgia, carried out several successful attacks on Timur's army in the mountains of today's Chechnya.{{Cite book , last=Тесаев , first=З.А. , title=Чеченская "География" XV века, составленная по данным ученого-богослова и путешественника Адина Вазара / З.А. Тесаев Грозный: АО "ИПК «Грозненский рабочий" , publisher=АКАДЕМИЯ НАУК ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botur
Ela Botur ( Chechen: "''Эла Ботур"'' = "Prince Botur", also known as "''Ele Badur"'' in historical sources) was a Chechen feudal lord and king of Boturcha who led a pro-Mongol administration of newly established state. His later life and reign correspond to the historical personality mentioned in the Chinese chronicle Yuan-Shi–"''Ele Badur"'' Family {{Tree chart/end Esirat (niece of botur) Early reign Botur was the ruler of the village Boturcha (subject to the Kingdom of Alania), which, according Suleymanov, was named after him. Before the Mongol invasions of Durdzuketi, Botur (along with several other Alan feudal lords) conducted secret negotiations with the Mongol Empire, in which an independent state under his rule after the invasion of Alania and Durdzuketi was discussed. Boturcha rebellion With the start of the main Mongol campaign in 1238, he, accompanied by his two brothers Matarsha and Utszorbu Khan as well as his son Illes and grandson Yu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mengu-Timur
Munkh Tumur or Möngke Temür ( mn, ᠮᠦᠨᠺᠬᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ, Мөнхтөмөр; russian: Мангутемир, Mangutemir) (?–1280), son of Toqoqan Khan and Köchu Khatun of Oirat (daughter of Toralchi Küregen and granddaughter of Qutuqa Beki) and the grandson of Batu Khan. He was a khan of the Golden Horde, a division of the Mongol Empire in 1266–1280. His name literally means "Eternal Iron" in the Mongolian language. Early reign and foreign policy During his reign, the Mongols together with their subjects, several Turkic tribes and the Russian princes, undertook military campaigns against Byzantium (c. 1269–1271), Lithuania (1275), and Alans in Caucasus (1277). The very first yarlyk (license) found by historians was written on behalf of Mengu-Timur and contained information on the release of the Russian Orthodox Church from paying tribute to the Golden Horde, however, he was a shamanist. During the reign of Mengu-Timur, the Genoese traders purchased Caffa f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Rulers
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 ( MCCI) through December 31, 1300 ( MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258), the destruction of the House of Wisdom and the weakening of the Mamluks and Rums which, according to historians, caused the decline of the Islamic Golden Age. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The Southern Song dynasty would begin the century as a prosperous kingdom but would eventually be invaded and annexed into the Yuan dynasty of the Mongols. The Kamakura Shogunate of Japan would be invaded by the Mongols. Goryeo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nakh Peoples
The Nakh peoples, also known as ''Vainakh peoples'' (Chechen/Ingush: , apparently derived from Chechen , Ingush "our people"; also Chechen-Ingush), are a group of Caucasian peoples identified by their use of the Nakh languages and other cultural similarities. These are chiefly the ethnic Chechen (including the Chechen sub-ethnos, the Kists, in Georgia), Ingush and Bats peoples of the North Caucasus, including closely related minor or historical groups. The ethnonym "Nakhchi" Nakh peoples and Vainakh peoples are two terms that were coined by Soviet ethnographers such as the Ingush ethnographer Zaurbek Malsagov. The reasoning behind the creation of these terms was to unite the closely related nations of Chechen and Ingush into one term. The terms "Vainakh" (our people) and "Nakh" (people) were first used as a term to unite two peoples in 1928. It was subsequently popularized by other Soviet authors, poets, and historians such as Mamakaev and Volkova in their research. Accor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lists Of 13th-century People
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union club Other uses * Angle of list, the leaning to either port or starboard of a ship * List (information), an ordered collection of pieces of information ** List (abstract data type), a method to organize data in computer science * List on Sylt, previously called List, the northernmost village in Germany, on the island of Sylt * ''List'', an alternative term for ''roll'' in flight dynamics * To ''list'' a building, etc., in the UK it means to designate it a listed building that may not be altered without permission * Lists (jousting), the barriers used to designate the tournament area where medieval knights jousted * ''The Book of Lists'', an American series of books with unusual lists See also * The List (other) * Listing (di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chechen Politicians
Chechen may refer to: *Chechens, an ethnic group of the Caucasus *Chechen language *Metopium brownei, also known as the chechen, chechem, or black poisonwood tree *Related to Chechnya (Chechen Republic) *Related to the former Chechen Republic of Ichkeria The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (; ce, Нохчийн Республик Ичкери, Nóxçiyn Respublik Içkeri; russian: Чеченская Республика Ичкерия; abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI") was a ''de facto'' state that ... {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
