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Chach Nama
''Chach Nama'' (; ; "Story of the Chach"), also known as the ''Fateh nama Sindh'' (; "Story of the Conquest of Sindh"), and as ''Tareekh al-Hind wa a's-Sind'' (; "History of Hind and Sind"), is a historical source for the history of Sindh. The text, which purports to be a Persian translation by `Ali Kufi (13th-century) of an undated, original Arabic text, has long been considered to be the story of the early 8th-century conquests by the Umayyad general Muhammad bin Qasim. The text is significant because it has been a source of colonial understanding of the origins of Islam and the Islamic conquests in the Indian subcontinent. It influenced the debate on the partition of British India and its narrative has been included in the state-sanctioned history textbooks of Pakistan. However, according to Manan Ahmed Asif, the text is in reality original, "not a work of translation". Asif asserts that the ''Chach Nama'' is a romantic work influenced by the 13th-century history, not a h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sindh
Sindh ( ; ; , ; abbr. SD, historically romanized as Sind (caliphal province), Sind or Scinde) is a Administrative units of Pakistan, province of Pakistan. Located in the Geography of Pakistan, southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the Demographics of Pakistan, second-largest province by population after Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab. It is bordered by the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan, Pakistan, Balochistan to the west and north-west and Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab to the north. It shares an India-Pakistan border, International border with the Indian states of Gujarat and Rajasthan to the east; it is also bounded by the Arabian Sea to the south. Sindh's landscape consists mostly of alluvial plains flanking the Indus River, the Thar Desert of Sindh, Thar Desert in the eastern portion of the province along the India–Pakistan border, international border with India, and the Kirthar Mountains in the western portion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Raja Dahir
Raja Dahir (663 – 712 CE) was the last Hindu ruler of Sindh (in present-day Pakistan). A Brahmin ruler, his kingdom was invaded in 711 CE by the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, led by Muhammad bin Qasim, where Dahir died. According to the Chach Nama, the Umayyad campaign against Dahir was due to a pirate raid off the Sindh coast that resulted in gifts to the Umayyad caliph from the king of Serendib (Old name of Sri Lanka) being stolen.Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg: The Chachnamah, An Ancient History of Sind, Giving the Hindu period down to the Arab Conquest. Commissioners Press 1900, Section 18: "It is related that the king of Sarandeb* sent some curiosities and presents from the island of pearls, in a small fleet of boats by sea, for Hajjáj. He also sent some beautiful pearls and valuable jewels, as well as some Abyssinian male and female slaves, some pretty presents, and unparalleled rarities to the capital of the Khalífah. A number of Mussalman women also went with them with the objec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Encyclopedia Sindhiana
''Encyclopedia Sindhiana'' (), published by the Sindhi Language Authority in Pakistan, is a general knowledge encyclopedia specially covering a wide range of information regarding Sindh. A total of fifteen volumes are planned to be published. About eighty percent of the content is about Sindh, while the rest covers different important topics relating to the world and universe. History The ''Encyclopedia Sindhiana'' is a project of the Sindhi Language Authority. The project was initially started under the supervision of Ghulam Ali Allana but was soon discontinued for unknown reasons. It was restarted during chairpersonship of Dr Fahmida Hussain in July 2008 to 13 March 2015. Badar Abro was made first Project Director of ''Encyclopedia Sindhiana'', who was later replaced by Muhammad Usman Memon who were remained project Director of 'Encyclopedia Sindhiana' till 2019 and he completed 12 Volumes of 'Encyclopedia Sindhiana'. In early 2025, work on Volume 13 is being supervised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Rajatrangini
''Rājataraṅgiṇī'' (Sanskrit: राजतरङ्गिणी, romanized: ''rājataraṅgiṇī'', IPA: �ɑː.d͡ʑɐ.t̪ɐˈɾɐŋ.ɡi.ɳiː ) is a metrical legendary and historical chronicle of the north-western part of Indian sub-continent, particularly the kings of Kashmir. It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE. List of kings Book 1 : Gonanda dynasty (I) The total reign of the following kings is mentioned as 1266 years. Gonanditya dynasty (I) The Gonanda dynasty ruled Kashmir for 1002 years. Book 2 : Other rulers No kings mentioned in this book have been traced in any other historical source. These kings ruled Kashmir for 192 years. Book 3: Restored Gonandiya dynasty Book 4: Karkota dynasty Book 5 : Utpala dynasty (Part-I) Book 6 : Utpala dynasty (Part-II) Book 7: First Lohara dynasty Book 8: Second Lohara dynasty Evaluation Literary Kalhana was an educated and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Harish Chandra Talreja
Harish may refer to: Places *Harish, Israel, a city in Israel * Arish, Iran (also known as Harish), a village in South Khorasan Province, Iran * Arasht, Zanjan (also known as Harish), a village in Zanjan Province, Iran People * Harish (Tamil actor), full name Arish Kumar, Indian film actor * Harish Bhadani (1933–2009), Indian poet *Harish Bhimani (born 1956), voice over artist * Harish Chandra Burnwal, Indian Journalist and writer *Harish Chandra Durgapal, Indian politician * Harish Chandra Mehrotra, Mathematician * Harish Chandra Mitra (1837–1872), Bengali playwright and poet *Harish Chandra Mukherjee (1824–1861), Indian journalist *Harish Hande, Magsaysay Award Winner *Harish Iyer (born 1979), Indian activist (gay rights, child rights) *Harish Kalyan (born 1990), Tamil actor *Harish Kapadia (born 1945), Indian Himalayan mountaineer. * Harish Khare, Indian newspaper editor *Harish Manwani (born 1954), chief operating officer of Unilever *Harish Nagpal (born 1964), Indian pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nabi Bakhsh Khan Baloch
Nabi Bakhsh Khan Baloch (; 16 December 1917 – 6 April 2011) was a Sindhi research scholar, historian, sindhologist, educationist, linguist and writer. He predominantly wrote in Sindhi, but also in Urdu, English, Persian and Arabic. He has been described as the "moving library" of the Pakistani province of Sindh. The author of some 150 books, he contributed to many subjects and disciplines of knowledge, which include history, education, folklore, archeology, anthropology, musicology, Islamic culture and civilisation. He contributed two articles - on Sindh and Baluchistan - which appeared in the Fifteenth Edition of ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 1972. Baloch did pioneering work on the classic poets of Sindh, culminating in the ten-volume critical text of '' Shah Jo Risalo'', the poetic compendium of the Sufi poet of Sindh, Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai. He edited 42 volumes on Sindhi folklore, with scholarly prefaces in English, under the heading of the Folklore and Literature Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Masum Shah
Mir Muhammad Masoom Shah Bakhri, also known as Syed Nizamuddin Mir Muhammad Masoom Shah, was a sixteenth-century Sindhi Muslim historian from Bakhar, Sindh (modern-day Pakistan). He is known for writing a history of Sindh, ''Tarikh i Sind'' (also known as, ''Tarikh i Masumi'', after the author), published in ca. 1600. He was also a trusted lieutenant of the Mughal emperor Akbar. In around 1595, he led Akbar's army in a battle against the Panni Afghans' stronghold of Sibi in northwest Quetta, resulting in Baluchistan being annexed into the Mughal empire. In 1598, he was appointed the governor of Sind and Sibi by Akbar. Minaret of Masum Shah The minaret of Ali Abuzar is the most conspicuous structure of Sukkur town, dating back to 1607 during the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. Masum Shah was the governor of Mughal Emperor Akbar who appointed him as the Nawab of Sukkur. The minaret was built about 1607. The monument, built of red brick, is more or less conical in shape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Firishta
Firishta or Ferešte (), full name Muhammad Qasim Hindu Shah Astarabadi (), was a Persian historian, who later settled in India and served the Deccan Sultans as their court historian. He was born in 1570 and died between 1611 and 1623. Life Firishta was born at Astarabad on the shores of the Caspian Sea to Gholam Ali Hindu Shah. While Firishta was still a child, his father was summoned away from his native country to Ahmednagar, India, to teach Persian to the young prince Miran Husain Nizam Shah, with whom Firishta studied. In 1587 Firishta was serving as the captain of guards of King Murtaza Nizam Shah I when Prince Miran overthrew his father and claimed the throne of Ahmednagar. At this time, the Sunni Deccani Muslims committed a general massacre of the foreign population, especially Shias of Iranian origin, of which Firishta was one of. However, Prince Miran spared the life of his former friend, who then left for Bijapur to enter the service of King Ibrahim Adil II i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nizamuddin Ahmad
Khwaja Nizam-ud-Din Ahmad Bakshi (also spelled as Nizam ad-Din Ahmad and Nizam al-Din Ahmad) (born 1551, died 1621/1030 AH) was a Muslim historian of late medieval India. He was son of Muhammad Muqim-i-Harawi. He was Akbar's '' Mir Bakhshi''. His work, the ''Tabaqat-i-Akbari'', is a comprehensive work on general history covering the time from the Ghaznavids (986-7) up to the 38th year of Akbar's reign (1593-4/1002 AH).Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). ''The Delhi Sultanate'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, p.757Shyam, Radhey (1981), The Kingdom of Khandesh, Delhi:Idarah-i-Adabiyat-i-Delli, p.x The author quoted twenty-nine authorities in his work, some of which are entirely lost to us now. See also * Muntakhab al-Tawarikh Notes References * Brajendranath De Brajendranath Dey (23 December 1852 – 20 September 1932) was an early Indian member of the Indian Civil Service. Early life and education De studied at Hare School, Calcutta, and then Canning Collegiate School and C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Al-Biruni
Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (; ; 973after 1050), known as al-Biruni, was a Khwarazmian Iranian scholar and polymath during the Islamic Golden Age. He has been called variously "Father of Comparative Religion", "Father of modern geodesy", Founder of Indology and the first anthropologist. Al-Biruni was well versed in physics, mathematics, astronomy, and natural sciences, and also distinguished himself as a historian, chronologist, and linguist. He studied almost all the sciences of his day and was rewarded abundantly for his tireless research in many fields of knowledge. Royalty and other powerful elements in society funded al-Biruni's research and sought him out with specific projects in mind. Influential in his own right, al-Biruni was himself influenced by the scholars of other nations, such as the Greeks, from whom he took inspiration when he turned to the study of philosophy. A gifted linguist, he was conversant in Khwarezmian, Persian, Arabic, and Sanskri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Al-Baladhuri
ʾAḥmad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Jābir al-Balādhurī () was a 9th-century West Asian historian. One of the eminent Middle Eastern historians of his age, he spent most of his life in Baghdad and enjoyed great influence at the court of the caliph al-Mutawakkil. He travelled in Syria and Iraq, compiling information for his major works. His full name was Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Al-Baladhuri (), Balazry Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Abul Hasan or Abi al-Hassan Baladhuri. Biography Al Baladhuri's ethnicity has been described as Persian by his contemporaries including Ibn Nadim, but some scholars have surmised that he was of Arab descent solely since he spent most of his life in Baghdad. Baladhuri was a Persian speaker who translated Persian works to Arabic. Nonetheless, his sympathies seem to have been strongly with the Arabs, for Masudi refers to one of his works in which he rejects Baladhuri's condemnation of non-Arab nationalism Shu'ubiyya. He is certainly not the first Persian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nasir Ad-Din Qabacha
Nasir-ud-Din Qabacha or Kaba-cha () was the Turkic Muslim governor of Multan, appointed by the Ghurid ruler Muhammad Ghori in 1203. Background Mohammad of Ghor had no offspring, but he treated thousands of his Turkic slaves as his sons, who were trained both as soldiers and administrators and provided with the best possible education. Many of his hardworking and intelligent slaves rose to positions of importance in Ghori's army and government. When a courtier lamented that the Sultan had no male heirs, Ghori retorted: "Other monarchs may have one son, or two sons; I have thousands of sons, my Turkic slaves who will be the heirs of my dominions, and who, after me, will take care to preserve my name in the Khutbah (Friday sermon) throughout these territories." Ghori's prediction proved true. After his assassination, his vast empire was divided amongst his Turkic slaves. Most notably: * Qutb ud-Din Aibak became ruler of Lahore in 1206, establishing the Delhi Sultanate, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
