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Caytonia Nathorstii
''Caytonia nathorstii'' is an extinct species of seed fern A seed is an Plant embryogenesis, embryonic plant enclosed in a testa (botany), protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, includ ...s. Description ''Caytonia'' has berry like cupules with numerous small seeds arrayed along axes Whole plant reconstructions Different organs attributed to the same original plant can be reconstructed from co-occurrence at the same locality and from similarities in the stomatal apparatus and other anatomical peculiarities of fossilized cuticles. *''Caytonia nathorstii'' may have been produced by the same plant as '' Caytonanthus arberi'' (pollen organs) and '' Sagenopteris phillipsii'' (leaves). References Fossil record of plants Jurassic plants Pteridospermatophyta {{jurassic-plant-stub ...
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Seed Fern
A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosperm plants. Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule, after the embryo sac is fertilized by sperm from pollen, forming a zygote. The embryo within a seed develops from the zygote, and grows within the mother plant to a certain size before growth is halted. The seed coat arises from the integuments of the ovule. Seeds have been an important development in the reproduction and success of vegetable gymnosperm and angiosperm plants, relative to more primitive plants such as ferns, mosses and liverworts, which do not have seeds and use water-dependent means to propagate themselves. Seed plants now dominate biological niches on land, from forests to grasslands both in hot and cold climates. The term "seed" also has a general meaning that ...
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Annals Of The Missouri Botanical Garden
The ''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden'' is a long-established major peer-reviewed journal of botany, established in 1914 by the Missouri Botanical Garden, under the directorship of botanist and phycologist, George Thomas Moore, and still published quarterly by the Missouri Botanical Garden Press. The journal is often abbreviated Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. References External links Annals of the Missouri Botanical Gardenat SCImago Journal Rank Annals of the Missouri Botanical Gardenat Botanical Scientific Journals Volumes 1-9 of ''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden''at HathiTrust Digital Library Volumes 1-95 of ''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden''at Biodiversity Heritage Library. Volumes 96-97 of ''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden''at Biodiversity Heritage Library The Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) is the world’s largest open access digital library for biodiversity literature and archives. BHL operates as worldwide consortiumof natural history, b ...
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JSTOR
JSTOR (; short for ''Journal Storage'') is a digital library founded in 1995 in New York City. Originally containing digitized back issues of academic journals, it now encompasses books and other primary sources as well as current issues of journals in the humanities and social sciences. It provides full-text searches of almost 2,000 journals. , more than 8,000 institutions in more than 160 countries had access to JSTOR. Most access is by subscription but some of the site is public domain, and open access content is available free of charge. JSTOR's revenue was $86 million in 2015. History William G. Bowen, president of Princeton University from 1972 to 1988, founded JSTOR in 1994. JSTOR was originally conceived as a solution to one of the problems faced by libraries, especially research and university libraries, due to the increasing number of academic journals in existence. Most libraries found it prohibitively expensive in terms of cost and space to maintain a comprehen ...
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Missouri Botanical Garden Press
The Missouri Botanical Garden is a botanical garden located at 4344 Shaw Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri. It is also known informally as Shaw's Garden for founder and philanthropist Henry Shaw. Its herbarium, with more than 6.6 million specimens, is the second largest in North America, behind that of the New York Botanical Garden. The '' Index Herbariorum'' code assigned to the herbarium is MO and it is used when citing housed specimens. History The land that is currently the Missouri Botanical Garden was previously the land of businessman Henry Shaw. Founded in 1859, the Missouri Botanical Garden is one of the oldest botanical institutions in the United States and a National Historic Landmark. It is also listed in the National Register of Historic Places. In 1983, the botanical garden was added as the fourth subdistrict of the Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District. The garden is a center for botanical research and science education of international repute, ...
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Caytonia Reconstruction Retallack And Dilcher 1988
''Caytonia'' is an extinct genus of seed fern A seed is an Plant embryogenesis, embryonic plant enclosed in a testa (botany), protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, includ ...s. Description ''Caytonia'' has berry like cupules with numerous small seeds arrayed along axes Whole plant reconstructions Different organs attributed to the same original plant can be reconstructed from co-occurrence at the same locality and from similarities in the stomatal apparatus and other anatomical peculiarities of fossilized cuticles. *'' Caytonia nathorstii'' may have been produced by the same plant as '' Caytonanthus arberi'' (pollen organs) and '' Sagenopteris phillipsii'' (leaves). References Pteridospermatophyta Jurassic plants Prehistoric plant genera Fossil record of plants Jurassic genus first appearances Jurassic extinctions { ...
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Caytonanthus Arberi
''Caytonanthus'' is an extinct genus of seed ferns. Description ''Caytonanthus'' is the polliniferous organ-genus of the Caytoniales, and it is often found along ''Sagenopteris ''Sagenopteris'' is a genus of extinct seed ferns from the Triassic to late Early Cretaceous.
'' and '' Caytonia''. ''Caytonanthus'' remains have been found in Greenland, UK, Hungary Russia, Poland, India, Antarctica and Argentina. ''Caytonanthus'' has simple or multiple orders of branches arrayed along axes, each terminal branch bears one or many synangia, each composed by four, partially fused, pollen sacs.


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Sagenopteris Phillipsii
''Sagenopteris phillipsii'' are leaves of extinct species of seed ferns. Description ''Sagenopteris phillipsii'' has narrow, palmately arranged leaves with anastomosing venation Whole plant reconstructions Different organs attributed to the same original plant can be reconstructed from co-occurrence at the same locality and from similarities in the stomatal apparatus and other anatomical peculiarities of fossilized cuticles. *''Sagenopteris phillipsii'' may have been produced by the same plant as ''Caytonia nathorstii ''Caytonia nathorstii'' is an extinct species of seed fern A seed is an Plant embryogenesis, embryonic plant enclosed in a testa (botany), protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the pro ...'' (ovulate organs) and '' Caytonanthus arberi'' (pollen organs). References Pteridospermatophyta Jurassic plants Fossil record of plants Jurassic first appearances Jurassic extinctio ...
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Fossil Record Of Plants
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the ''fossil record''. Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old to 4.1 billion years old. Early edition, published online before print. The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the absol ...
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Jurassic Plants
The Jurassic ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya. The Jurassic constitutes the middle period of the Mesozoic Era and is named after the Jura Mountains, where limestone strata from the period were first identified. The start of the Jurassic was marked by the major Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, associated with the eruption of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. The beginning of the Toarcian Stage started around 183 million years ago and is marked by an extinction event associated with widespread oceanic anoxia, ocean acidification, and elevated temperatures likely caused by the eruption of the Karoo-Ferrar large igneous provinces. The end of the Jurassic, however, has no clear boundary with the Cretaceous and is the only boundary between geological periods to remain formally undefined. By the beginning of the Jurassic, ...
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