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Castra Martis
Castra Martis ( bg, Кастра Мартис) was a Roman fortified garrison ( castra) in Dacia which became a town and bishopric and remains a Latin Catholic titular see. History Castra Martis, named after the Roman god of war Mars, on the modern site of Kula (Latin/Italian Cula), in Vidin Province in northwestern Bulgaria, served to protect the road through Vrashka Chuka pass in the western Balkan mountains. It was important enough in the Roman province of Dacia ripensis to become a suffragan of the provincial capital's Metropolitan Archdiocese of Ratiaria, in the sway of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. Its only recorded Suffragan Bishop was Calvus, participant at the Council of Serdica in 343 (called by the Pope, boycotted by most Eastern sees). In 408, the Huns under Uldin took control of the site during an attack on the Eastern Roman Empire, apparently by treachery.Maenchen-Helfen, Otto J. "The Date of Ammianus Marcellinus' Last Books." The American Journal of Phil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castra
In the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, the Latin word ''castrum'', plural ''castra'', was a military-related term. In Latin usage, the singular form ''castrum'' meant 'fort', while the plural form ''castra'' meant 'camp'. The singular and plural forms could refer in Latin to either a building or plot of land, used as a fortified military base.. Included is a discussion about the typologies of Roman fortifications. In English usage, ''castrum'' commonly translates to "Roman fort", "Roman camp" and "Roman fortress". However, scholastic convention tends to translate ''castrum'' as "fort", "camp", "marching camp" or "fortress". Romans used the term ''castrum'' for different sizes of camps – including large legionary fortresses, smaller forts for cohorts or for auxiliary forces, temporary encampments, and "marching" forts. The diminutive form ''castellum'' was used for fortlets, typically occupied by a detachment of a cohort or a '' centuria''. For a list of known castr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titular Bishopric
A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbishop" (intermediary rank) or "titular bishop" (lowest rank), which normally goes by the status conferred on the titular see. Titular sees are dioceses that no longer functionally exist, often because the territory was conquered by Muslims or because it is schismatic. The Greek–Turkish population exchange of 1923 also contributed to titular sees. The see of Maximianoupolis along with the town that shared its name was destroyed by the Bulgarians under Emperor Kaloyan in 1207; the town and the see were under the control of the Latin Empire, which took Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Parthenia, in north Africa, was abandoned and swallowed by desert sand. Catholic Church During the Muslim conquests of the Middle Ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tourist Attractions In Vidin Province
Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours. The World Tourism Organization defines tourism more generally, in terms which go "beyond the common perception of tourism as being limited to holiday activity only", as people "travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure and not less than 24 hours, business and other purposes". Tourism can be domestic (within the traveller's own country) or international, and international tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country's balance of payments. Tourism numbers declined as a result of a strong economic slowdown (the late-2000s recession) between the second half of 2008 and the end of 2009, and in consequence of the outbreak of the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus, but slowly recovered until the COVID-19 pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Catholic Dioceses In Bulgaria
The Roman Catholic Church in Bulgaria, joint in an episcopal conference (Mejduritualnata Episcopska Konferenzia vâv Bâlgaria), comprises only exempt sees: * two Latin exempt bishoprics * ''an Eastern Catholic pre-diocesan (exempt) jurisdiction'' There is also an Apostolic Nunciature to Bulgaria as papal diplomatic representation (embassy-level) in the national capital Sofia (into which is also vested the Apostolic Nunciature to Macedonia). Current jurisdictions Latin exempt jurisdictions * Roman Catholic Diocese of Nikopol * Roman Catholic Diocese of Sofia and Plovdiv Eastern Catholic ''sole remaining jurisdiction of a rite-specific particular church ''sui juris'' - Byzantine Rite, Bulgarian language '' *'' Bulgarian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Sofia (covering all and only Bulgaria)'' Defunct jurisdictions Titular sees * seven Metropolitan Titular archbishoprics: Marcianopolis, Philippopolis in Thracia, Preslavus, Ratiaria, Serdica, Ternobus, Velebusdus * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Antarctica
West Antarctica, or Lesser Antarctica, one of the two major regions of Antarctica, is the part of that continent that lies within the Western Hemisphere, and includes the Antarctic Peninsula. It is separated from East Antarctica by the Transantarctic Mountains and is covered by the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. It lies between the Ross Sea (partly covered by the Ross Ice Shelf), and the Weddell Sea (largely covered by the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf). It may be considered a giant peninsula, stretching from the South Pole towards the tip of South America. West Antarctica is largely covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, but there have been signs that climate change is having some effect and that this ice sheet may have started to shrink slightly. Over the past 50 years, the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula has been - and still is - one of the most rapidly warming parts of the planet, and the coasts of the Peninsula are the only parts of West Antarctica that become (in summer) ice-free ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Shetland Islands
The South Shetland Islands are a group of Antarctic islands with a total area of . They lie about north of the Antarctic Peninsula, and between southwest of the nearest point of the South Orkney Islands. By the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, the islands' sovereignty is neither recognized nor disputed by the signatories and they are free for use by any signatory for non-military purposes. The islands have been claimed by the United Kingdom since 1908 and as part of the British Antarctic Territory since 1962. They are also claimed by the governments of Chile (since 1940, as part of the Antártica Chilena province) and Argentina (since 1943, as part of Argentine Antarctica, Tierra del Fuego Province). Several countries maintain research stations on the islands. Most of them are situated on King George Island, benefitting from the airfield of the Chilean base Eduardo Frei. There are sixteen research stations in different parts of the islands, with Chilean stations being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name ''Smolensk'', ) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical ''Terra Australis Incognita'' and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s. Geography Livingston Island is situated in West Antarctica northwest of Cape Roquemaurel on the Antarctic mainland, south-southeast of Cape Horn in South America, southeast of the Diego Ramírez Islands (the southernmost land of South America), due south of the Falkland Islands, southwest of South Georgia Islands, and from the South Pole.L. IvanovGeneral Geography and History of Livingston Island.In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castra Martis Hill
Castra Martis Hill (Halm Kastra Martis \'h&lm 'kas-tra 'mar-tis\) is a 453 m hill near Leslie Hill in Livingston Island. The peak was named after the Roman settlement of Castra Martis, ancestor of the present town of Kula in Northwestern Bulgaria. First ascent by the Bulgarians Lyubomir Ivanov and Doychin Vasilev from Camp Academia on 25 December 2004, as part of Tangra 2004/05 survey. Location The hill is located at which is 550 m east by southeast of Leslie Hill and the peak is linked to it by a saddle of 418 m elevation. Maps * L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005. * L.L. IvanovAntarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. References Castra Martis Hill.SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany And Scandinavia Of The Ukrainians
The Ukrainian (Greek) Catholic Apostolic Exarchate in Germany and Scandinavia (german: Apostolisches Exarchat für Deutschland und Skandinavien la, Exarchatus Apostolicus Germaniae et Scandiae) (Germany and Scandinavia for the Ukrainians) is an Apostolic Exarchate (pre-diocesan jurisdiction) of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church that covers the faithful in Germany and the Nordic countries Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. It is exempt (i.e. directly dependent on the Holy See and its missionary Roman Congregation for the Oriental Churches), so is not part of any ecclesiastical province. Its cathedral episcopal see is the Kathedrale Maria Schutz und St. Andreas, dedicated to the Intercession of the Theotokos (Mary, Mother of God) and to Saint Andrew, in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It is headquartered at Schönbergstrasse 9, D-81679 München (Munich), Germany. The current Apostolic exarch is Bohdan Dzyurakh. History It was established on 17 April 1959 as Apostolic Exarchate o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petro Kryk
Bishop Petro Kryk ( uk, Петро Крик, born 25 April 1945 in Kobylnica Wołoska, Rzeszów Voivodeship (now Podkarpackie Voivodeship), Poland) is a German Ukrainian Greek Catholic hierarch as the emeritus Apostolic Exarch of the Apostolic Exarchate in Germany and Scandinavia for the Ukrainians and the Titular Bishop of Castra Martis from 20 November 2000 until 18 February 2021. Life Bishop Kryk was born in the family of Greek-Catholics Hryhoriy and Anna Kryk in 1945, but during Operation Vistula in the 1947, his family was forcibly resettled with another Ukrainians in Poland, from ethnical Ukrainian territories to the Recovered Territories in the northern Poland. After school and lyceum education, he joined the Theological Seminary Hosianum in Olsztyn. He interrupted his theological studies because of compulsory service in the Polish Armed Forces in 1965–1967 and continued theological education in the Metropolitan Theological Seminary in Warsaw. After this he was ordained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; it covers an area of , with a population of almost 84 million within its 16 constituent states. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The nation's capital and most populous city is Berlin and its financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity. A region named Germania was documented before AD 100. In 962, the Kingdom of Germany formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apostolic Exarchate Of Germany And Scandinavia Of The Ukrainians
The Ukrainian (Greek) Catholic Apostolic Exarchate in Germany and Scandinavia (german: Apostolisches Exarchat für Deutschland und Skandinavien la, Exarchatus Apostolicus Germaniae et Scandiae) (Germany and Scandinavia for the Ukrainians) is an Apostolic Exarchate (pre-diocesan jurisdiction) of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church that covers the faithful in Germany and the Nordic countries Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. It is exempt (i.e. directly dependent on the Holy See and its missionary Roman Congregation for the Oriental Churches), so is not part of any ecclesiastical province. Its cathedral episcopal see is the Kathedrale Maria Schutz und St. Andreas, dedicated to the Intercession of the Theotokos (Mary, Mother of God) and to Saint Andrew, in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It is headquartered at Schönbergstrasse 9, D-81679 München (Munich), Germany. The current Apostolic exarch is Bohdan Dzyurakh. History It was established on 17 April 1959 as Apostolic Exarchate o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
