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Cahit Tanyol
Hüseyin Cahit Tanyol (1914 – 11 August 2020) was a Turkish writer, poet, and sociologist, often regarded as the father of Turkish sociology. Early life and education Hüseyin Cahit was born in 1914 in the town of Nezib, then located in the vilayet of Aleppo, Ottoman Empire. In 1931, he finished Adana Boys' Teacher School. He graduated from Gazi Institute of Education in 1935. In 1940, he started studying philosophy at Istanbul University and got his master's degree four years later with his thesis "The Origin of Ethics in Schopenhauer." He started working as an assistant at the same university in 1946 and got his PhD with his work "The Place of Pleasure and Suffering in Morality." Career While he was working as a teacher in Izmir in 1939, he started publishing ''Aramak'', a Turkish literary magazine, receiving acclaim from well-known Turkish authors at the time. He became an associate professor in 1953 and a professor in 1961. Between 1972 and 1982, he served as the head o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nezib
Nizip ( gkm, Nisibis or Nisibina; ota, نزيب) is a town and district of Gaziantep Province of southeastern Turkey. As of 2010, the population of the city is 96,229. It is located 45 km from the city of Gaziantep, 95 km from Şanlıurfa (Edessa), and 35 km from Karkamış, which is an old city also known historically as Carchemish. Notable people * Cahit Tanyol, Turkish sociologist * Celal Doğan (1943*), former mayor of Gaziantep and president of Gaziantep F.K., lawyer, and politician * Mehmet Ali Yaprak (1949-2004), Turkish businessman and drug trafficker * Mustafa Cengiz (1949-2021), businessman who served as the president of sports club Galatasaray S.K. * Mehmet Görmez (1959*), former President of the Presidency of Religious Affairs and as such legally the highest level Islamic scholar in Turkey and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. * Zihni Çakır (1969*), journalist and author * Ali Şahin (1970*), Turkish politician who has been Deputy Mini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Research
Field research, field studies, or fieldwork is the collection of raw data outside a laboratory, library, or workplace setting. The approaches and methods used in field research vary across disciplines. For example, biologists who conduct field research may simply observe animals interacting with their environments, whereas social scientists conducting field research may interview or observe people in their natural environments to learn their languages, folklore, and social structures. Field research involves a range of well-defined, although variable, methods: informal interviews, direct observation, participation in the life of the group, collective discussions, analyses of personal documents produced within the group, self-analysis, results from activities undertaken off- or on-line, and life-histories. Although the method generally is characterized as qualitative research, it may (and often does) include quantitative dimensions. History Field research has a long history. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician serving as the List of presidents of Turkey, 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as prime minister of Turkey from 2003 to 2014 and as List of mayors of Istanbul, mayor of Istanbul from 1994 to 1998. He founded the Justice and Development Party (Turkey), Justice and Development Party (AKP) in 2001, leading it to election victories in 2002 Turkish general election, 2002, 2007 Turkish general election, 2007, and 2011 Turkish general election, 2011 general elections before being required to stand down upon his 2014 Turkish presidential election, election as president in 2014. He later returned to the AKP leadership in 2017 following the 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum, constitutional referendum that year. Coming from an Islamism, Islamist political background and self-describing as a Conservative democracy, conservative democrat, he has promoted Social conservatism, socia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Constitutional Era
The Second Constitutional Era ( ota, ایكنجی مشروطیت دورى; tr, İkinci Meşrutiyet Devri) was the period of restored parliamentary rule in the Ottoman Empire between the 1908 Young Turk Revolution and the 1920 dissolution of the General Assembly, during the empire's twilight years. The absolutist rule of Sultan Abdulhamid II had been opposed by the Young Turks, an underground movement of reformists which called for the restoration of constitutional monarchy. In 1908, a faction within the Young Turks called the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) forced Abdulhamid II to restore the liberal constitution of 1876 and the General Assembly in the Young Turk Revolution. Abdul Hamid had previously suspended the parliament and constitution in 1878, two years after they had been introduced. Whereas the short First Constitutional Era lacked political parties, the second era initially featured unprecedented political pluralism within the empire and openly contested elect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giaour
Giaour or Gawur (; tr, gâvur, ; from fa, گور ''gâvor'' an obsolete variant of modern گبر ''gaur'', originally derived from arc, 𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀, ''gaḇrā'', man; person; ro, ghiaur; al, kaur; gr, γκιαούρης, gkiaoúris, mk, каур/ѓаур, bg, гяур) meaning "infidel", was a slur historically used in the Ottoman Empire for non-Muslims or, more particularly, Christians in the Balkans. The terms "''kafir"'', "''gawur",'' and "''rûm"'' (the last meaning "Roman"—actually referring to the Greek population, since they were descended from the Eastern Roman Empire) were commonly used in defters (tax registries) for Orthodox Christians, usually without ethnic distinction. Christian ethnic groups in the Balkan lands of the Ottoman Empire included Greeks (''rûm''), Bulgarians (''bulgar''), Serbs (''sırp''), Christian Albanian (''arnavut'') and Vlachs (''eflak''), among others. The 1911 ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' described the term as follows: Du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Issue
Kurdish nationalism (, ) is a nationalist political movement which asserts that Kurds are a nation and espouses the creation of an independent Kurdistan from Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. Early Kurdish nationalism had its roots in the Ottoman Empire, within which Kurds were a significant ethnic group. With the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, its Kurdish-majority territories were divided between the newly formed states of Turkey, Iraq, and Syria, making Kurds a significant ethnic minority in each state. Kurdish nationalist movements have long been suppressed by Turkey and the Arab-majority states of Iraq, Iran and Syria, all of whom fear a potential independent Kurdistan. Since the 1970s, Iraqi Kurds have pursued the goal of greater autonomy and even outright independence against the Iraqi nationalist Ba'ath Party regimes, which responded with brutal repression, including the massacre of 182,000 Kurds in the Anfal genocide. The Kurdish–Turkish conflict, where Kurdish arme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxist
Marxism is a Left-wing politics, left-wing to Far-left politics, far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a Materialism, materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand Social class, class relations and social conflict and a dialectical perspective to view social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, no single, definitive Marxist philosophy, Marxist theory exists. In addition to the schools of thought which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, various Marxian concepts have been incorporated and adapted into a diverse array of Social theory, social theories leading to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining characteristics of Marxism have often been described using the terms dialectical mater ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kemalism
Kemalism ( tr, Kemalizm, also archaically ''Kamâlizm''), also known as Atatürkism ( tr, Atatürkçülük, Atatürkçü düşünce), or The Six Arrows ( tr, Altı Ok), is the founding official ideology of the Republic of Turkey.Eric J. Zurcher, Turkey: A Modern History. New York, J.B. Tauris & Co ltd. page 181 Kemalism, as it was implemented by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, was defined by sweeping political, social, cultural and religious reforms designed to separate the new Turkish state from its Ottoman predecessor and embrace a Western-style modernized lifestyle,Cleveland, William L., and Martin P. Bunton. ''A History of the Modern Middle East''. Boulder: Westview, 2013. including the establishment of secularism/laicism (french: laïcité), state support of the sciences, free education, and many more. Most of those were first introduced to and implemented in Turkey during Atatürk's presidency through his reforms. Many of the root ideas of Kemalism began during the late Ottoma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chepni Of Rumkale
Chepni of Rumkale ( tr, Rumkale Çepnileri) is a distinct branch of the Chepni tribe inhabiting the northeastern portion of the province of Gaziantep in south-central Turkey, formerly the Ottoman kaza of Rumkale. History Chepni was already present in the region of Rumkale by early 16th century, but it is unknown when the tribe migrated to the region. In late 17th century, Chepni living around Rumkale were known to be settled and would ransack the localities of Pazarcık and Keferdiz, a practice inherited from their nomadic past. Some tribesmen later built the Chepni or Kazımiye Tekke in Aintab. Chepni Tekke of Aintab Although formed by Chepni, the Chepni Tekke in Gaziantep gradually became the center of all Alevi Turkmens living near Aintab. In certain days of the year, people from the Barak villages, the vicinity of Besni, Marash, Sakçagözü, and Islahiye travel to the city for traditional celebrations. Visitors then kiss the hand of the Chepni Dede, who would arrive t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barak (tribe)
Barak, also known as Barak Turkmens ( tr, Barak Türkmenleri), is a Turkoman tribe that mainly originates in the Barak Plain ( tr, Barak Ovası) in the southeastern portion of the province of Gaziantep in south-central Turkey. Etymology The reason why this group bears the name "Barak" is disputed and not fully known, but this term appears in several instances of history. In the old Turkic calendar, Barak was the name of the dog year. Barak was also mentioned in Oğuzname as one of the old Turkic tribes. Barak Hajib, a Khitan noble, had formed Barak beylik around Kerman, following the Seljuk rule. Born in Tokat and passed away in Khoy, was a Turkic dervish who lived between thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Itbarak or just Barak was a dog-headed manly creature mentioned in Oghuz Khagan Narratives. According to Sevan Nişanyan, "barak" means fast-running and raider. History Origin myth According to their dastan of origin, they were a part of the tribe of Uzun Hasan. Afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkoman (ethnonym)
Turkoman (Middle Turkic languages, Middle Turkic: تُركْمانْ, ota, تركمن, Türkmen and ''Türkmân''; az, Türkman and ', tr, Türkmen, tk, Türkmen, Persian language, Persian: ترکمن sing. ''Turkamān'', pl. ''Tarākimah''), also called Turcoman and Turkman, is a term that was widely used during the Middle Ages for the people of Oghuz Turks, Oghuz Turkic origin. Oghuz Turks were a western Turkic people that, in the 8th century A.D, formed a Oghuz Yabgu State, tribal confederation in an area between the Aral Sea, Aral and Caspian Sea, Caspian seas in Central Asia, and spoke the Oghuz languages, Oghuz branch of the Turkic language family. ''Turkmen'', originally an exonym, dates from the High Middle Ages, along with the ancient and familiar name "Turkic peoples, Turk" (), and tribal names such as "Bayat (tribe), Bayat", "Bayandur", "Afshar (tribe), Afshar", "Kayi", and others. By the 10th century, Islamic sources were calling Oghuz Turks as Muslim Turkmens, as o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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