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Caetano Levante
The Caetano Levante is a coach body built by Salvador Caetano on Mercedes-Benz OC 500 RF, Scania K EB, Volvo B8R, Volvo B9R, Volvo B11R, Volvo B12B and Volvo B13R chassis, exclusively for National Express in the United Kingdom. It was specifically designed to comply with the Disability Discrimination Act 2005. Originally only available on the Volvo B12B chassis, the Levante enabled both able-bodied and wheelchair passengers to enter the vehicle via the front door, using a combination of a front-mounted lift and two single pedestal-mounted seats in place of the traditional double at the front nearside of the passenger area. The Levante is used by most National Express contractors, although some contractors continued purchasing Plaxton Elites. This model is similar to a Portuguese market model, Caetano Winner, which was presented in 2004 and was born from a collaboration with Evobus with the first units being equipped with Mercedes-Benz OC500 chassis, but other manufacturers' chas ...
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National Express
National Express Group is a British multinational public transport company headquartered in Birmingham, England. It operates bus, coach, train and tram services in the United Kingdom, Ireland (National Express operates Eurolines in conjunction with Bus Éireann), United States, Canada, Spain, Portugal, Malta, Germany, Bahrain, and Morocco and long-distance coach services across Europe. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. History In 1972, the state-owned National Bus Company decided to bring together the scheduled coach services operated by its bus operating companies in the United Kingdom under one brand. Sir Frederick Wood, a prominent businessman and industrialist, was asked to oversee the creation of this new business model and led the group as its chairman from 1972 to 1978. Initially branded as ''National'', the ''National Express'' brand was first used in 1974.Tram and V/Line Passenger rail franchises in the Australi ...
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ZF Ecomat
The ZF Ecomat automotive transmission was specifically designed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG primarily for city-buses and motorcoaches. It has several generations – all of the automatic transmission type, and many variants. The latest variants use a lock-up torque converter along with a retarder. Some variants are listed below. Gear ratios Ecomat I (1980–1985) Gear ratios Ecomat I/II/IV (1985–2016) 1st generation — Ecomat (1980–2002) All generations of the Ecomat series are no longer in production. *4HP500 / 5HP500 / 6HP500 — four-, five- or six-speed; maximum input torque of 1100 Nm *4HP590 / 5HP590 / 6HP590 — four-, five- or six-speed; maximum input torque of 1250 Nm *4HP600 / 5HP600 / 6HP600 — four-, five- or six-speed; maximum input torque of 1400 Nm 2nd generation — Ecomat 2 (1997–2007) All generations of the Ecomat series are no longer in production. *4HP502/C / 5HP502/C / 6HP502/C — four-, five- or six-speed; maximum input torque of *4HP592/C / ...
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Bruce's Coaches
Bruce's Coaches is a coach tour operator based in Salsburgh, Scotland. History Bruce's Coaches was founded in August 1982 by John Bruce. After operating as a Scottish Citylink subcontractor, in 1988 a service to London commenced under the LondonLiner brand with a pair of Van Hool Alizée bodied Volvo B10Ms. LondonLiner was purchased by Scottish Citylink in 1990 with Bruce's continuing to operate the service. This lasted until 1997 when Scottish Citylink had to cease its cross border services as part of parent company National Express being awarded the ScotRail franchise."Bruce's Coaches" ''Bus & Coach Buyer'' 12 December 2014 pages 18-23 It then became a National Express subcontractor operating route 539 from Edinburgh to Bournemouth. This work has since expanded and today it operates the five longest journeys on the National Express network:
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Side-view Mirror
A side-view mirror (or side mirror), also known as a wing mirror, is a mirror placed on the exterior of motor vehicles for the purposes of helping the driver see areas behind and to the sides of the vehicle, outside the driver's peripheral vision (in the " blind spot"). Almost all modern cars mount their side mirrors on the doors—normally at the A-pillar—rather than the wings (the portion of the body above the wheel well). The side mirror is equipped for manual or remote vertical and horizontal adjustment so as to provide adequate coverage to drivers of differing height and seated position. Remote adjustment may be mechanical by means of bowden cables, or may be electric by means of geared motors. The mirror glass may also be electrically heated and may include electrochromic dimming to reduce glare to the driver from the headlamps of following vehicles. Increasingly, the side mirror incorporates the vehicle's turn signal repeaters. There is evidence to suggest that mi ...
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Electric Bus
An electric bus is a bus that is propelled using electric motors as opposed to an internal combustion engine. Electric buses can store the needed electricity on-board, or be fed continuously from an external source. The majority of buses storing electricity are battery electric buses (which this article mostly deals with), where the electric motor obtains energy from an electric vehicle battery, onboard battery pack, although examples of other storage modes do exist, such as the gyrobus which uses flywheel energy storage. When electricity is not stored on board, it is supplied by contact with outside power sources. For example, overhead wires as in the trolleybus, or with a ground-level power supply, or through Inductive charging#Dynamic charging, inductive charging. As of 2019, 99% of all battery electric buses in the world have been deployed in Mainland China, with more than 421,000 buses on the road, which is 17% of China's total bus fleet. For comparison, the United Sta ...
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Coach & Bus Week
''Coach & Bus Week'' (CBW) is the only paid-for weekly trade magazine for the road passenger transport industry in the United Kingdom. It is available by subscription, from main branches of WHSmith and from some independent newsagents. The magazine is based in Peterborough. History and profile ''Coach & Bus Week'' was established in 1978. The magazine had half its roots with the founding in Hull by former coach proprietor Terry Beanland of ''Coachmart''. Its most prolific journalist was Ray Pearson, who covered all technical aspects, including road tests and tourism topics. The weekly magazine was purchased by EMAP and moved to Peterborough Peterborough () is a cathedral city in Cambridgeshire, east of England. It is the largest part of the City of Peterborough unitary authority district (which covers a larger area than Peterborough itself). It was part of Northamptonshire until .... The publisher was EMAP Response (later renamed EMAP Automotive), which purchased Bus Busine ...
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Skills Coaches
Nottingham is the seventh largest conurbation in the United Kingdom. Despite this, the city had a poor transport system in the 1980s. The government has in the early twenty-first century invested heavily in the transport network of Nottingham, which has led to the re-opening of the Robin Hood Line and the construction of a light rail network, Nottingham Express Transit. Rail History The first railway station in Nottingham opened in 1839. It was opened by the Midland Counties Railway and was built on Carrington Street. It was served by trains to Derby. By 1848, the station was too small and a new through station was built in Nottingham by the Midland Railway (which was formed when the Midland Counties Railway merged with two other companies). New destinations such as Lincoln received direct service to Nottingham. In 1900, the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway opened Nottingham Victoria station, as part of their new line to London which they were building. The statio ...
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Edwards Coaches
Edwards Coaches is a family-owned coach company based in Llantrisant, near Pontypridd in South Wales. History In 1925 Edwards Coaches was founded by George Edwards. Over recent years, the company has expanded by acquiring several smaller local firms. Today, their fleet consists mainly of single decker coaches used for holiday tours and private hire but they also have a number of double-decker buses primarily for school contracts and park and ride services. Edwards Coaches carry around 7,100 students to school every day and around 80,000 customers on holidays each year. A small fleet of service buses is maintained to operate a group of local bus services. On 7 January 2011, Swansea based coach holiday operator Diamond Coach Holidays went into administration. In the week after Diamond collapsed, Edwards took over £1m in holiday bookings (many of these from ex Diamond customers). On 25 January 2011, after talks with administrators PricewaterhouseCoopers, Edwards Coaches agreed t ...
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Evobus
EvoBus GmbH is a German bus and coach manufacturer headquartered in Stuttgart, Germany and a wholly owned subsidiary of Daimler Truck AG. Its products go to market under the brands Setra or Mercedes-Benz. History In 1995, the bus division of Daimler-Benz AG and bus manufacturer Karl Kässbohrer Fahrzeugwerke GmbH amalgamated under the umbrella of EvoBus. Mercedes-Benz brought in more than 100 years of experience in the bus and coach industry, starting with the invention of the omnibus by Karl Benz in 1895 in Mannheim. EvoBus is headquartered in Stuttgart in Germany, with its largest bus factory in Mannheim in Germany. Licensed buses are also manufactured in Turkey. The city buses, for instance the Citaro, are manufactured in Mannheim, as are the chassis (meaning the frame plus the "running gear" like engine, transmission, driveshaft, differential, and suspension). A body (sometimes referred to as "coachwork"), is built on the chassis to complete the coaches in Ulm/Neu-Ulm, ...
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Plaxton Elite
The Plaxton Elite is a coach body unveiled at the Euro Bus Expo at the National Exhibition Centre, Birmingham in November 2008 by the British bus and coach manufacturer Plaxton. It is primarily targeted at the premium touring market. It went into production in late 2008. The vehicles can easily be identified due to their Boeing 747-like curved roof at the front end. Elites on scheduled express routes have a low-level destination board, resulting in a larger front windscreen than most comparable coaches. Scheduled Express Services The type began service with National Express in early 2010 with seven operating between London and Liverpool. A further 16 vehicles are being procured to operate in Yorkshire, Oxford and Peterborough. In Yorkshire, Elites have replaced Caetano Levantes on the long distance 560 service to London, with the latter having been assigned to the 007 and 022 routes between London and Kent. Onboard features on National Express vehicles include power plug sock ...
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BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world. The department is the world's largest broadcast news organisation and generates about 120 hours of radio and television output each day, as well as online news coverage. The service maintains 50 foreign news bureaus with more than 250 correspondents around the world. Deborah Turness has been the CEO of news and current affairs since September 2022. In 2019, it was reported in an Ofcom report that the BBC spent £136m on news during the period April 2018 to March 2019. BBC News' domestic, global and online news divisions are housed within the largest live newsroom in Europe, in Broadcasting House in central London. Parliamentary coverage is produced and broadcast from studios in London. Through BBC English Regions, the BBC also has regional centres across England and national news c ...
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Disability Discrimination Act 2005
The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (c 13) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Section 20 - Short title, interpretation, commencement and extent The following orders have been made under section 20(3):The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No. 1) Order 2005(S.I. 2005/1676 (C. 70))The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No. 2) Order 2005(S.I. 2005/2774 (C. 113))The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No 3) Order 2007(S.I. 2007/1555 (C. 63))The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No. 4) Order 2010(S.I. 2010/341 (C. 27))The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No. 1) (Wales) Order 2007(S.I. 2007/3285 (W. 289)) References *Halsbury's Statutes ''Halsbury's Statutes of England and Wales'' (commonly referred to as ''Halsbury's Statutes'') provides updated texts of every Public General Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, Measure of the Welsh Assembly, or Church of England Measur ..., Extern ...
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