|
1720 In Sweden
Events from the year 1720 in Sweden Incumbents * List of Swedish monarchs, Monarch – Ulrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden, Ulrika Eleonora then Frederick I of Sweden, Frederick I Events * February 29 – Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden resigns to let her husband Frederick I of Sweden, Frederick I take over as king of Sweden. She had desired a joint rule, in a similar manner to William III of England, William III and Mary II of England, Mary II in Britain, but as the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates refuses this, she abdicates in her husband's favour instead. * March 24 – The Riksdag of the Estates elects Frederick I new King of Sweden. * 22 April – Arvid Horn elected president of the Privy Council Chancellery of Sweden, Privy Council Chancellery. * 2 May - A new constitution is passed were the government power passes from the monarch to the council. * 3 May - Coronation of Frederick I. * 3 July - Peace between Sweden and Denmark in the Treaty of Frederiksborg. * 27 J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guild
A guild ( ) is an association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular area. The earliest types of guild formed as organizations of tradesmen belonging to a professional association. They sometimes depended on grants of letters patent from a monarch or other ruler to enforce the flow of trade to their self-employed members, and to retain ownership of tools and the supply of materials, but were mostly regulated by the city government. A lasting legacy of traditional guilds are the guildhalls constructed and used as guild meeting-places. Guild members found guilty of cheating the public would be fined or banned from the guild. Typically the key "privilege" was that only guild members were allowed to sell their goods or practice their skill within the city. There might be controls on minimum or maximum prices, hours of trading, numbers of apprentices, and many other things. These rules reduced free competition, but sometimes mainta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1792 In Sweden
Events from the year 1792 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Gustav III then Gustav IV Adolf Events * January - King Gustav III summon the Riksdag of the Estates to Gävle. * February - The Riksdag of the Estates is dissolved. * 16 March - Assassination of Gustav III: Gustav III of Sweden is assassinated by Jakob Johan Anckarström at a masked ball the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm. * 29 March - Gustav III dies and are succeeded by his minor son, Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden, under the guardianship of his uncle, Duke Charles. * The Funeral of Gustav III * 27 April – Jakob Johan Anckarström is executed for regicide in Stockholm. * July - Gustaf Adolf Reuterholm becomes a member of the guardian government and the de facto regent of Sweden. * 20 December – ''The Marriage of Figaro'' is given for the first time in Sweden at the Stenborg Theatre in Stockholm with Didrik Gabriel Björn and Eleonora Säfström.Johan Flodmark : Stenborgska skådebanorna (The Stenborg St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sven Rinman
Sven Rinman (23 June (N.S)/12 June (O.S) 1720 – 20 December 1792) was a Swedish chemist and mineralogist who discovered the pigment A pigment is a colored material that is completely or nearly insoluble in water. In contrast, dyes are typically soluble, at least at some stage in their use. Generally dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic compou ... cobalt green, sometimes also called Rinman's green. He had a great influence on mining and the steel production in Sweden. Life and work Rinman was born in Uppsala on 23 June(N.S) 1720. At the age of 20 he became an intern at the Royal Bureau of Mines. In the years 1746 and 1747 Rinman visited several European countries to improve his knowledge on mining and metallurgy. After his return he became inspector in several mines and metal works. His research on mining and metallurgy had a big influence on the Swedish industry. He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1753. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1781 In Sweden
Events from the year 1781 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Gustav III Events * * 24 January - Tolerance Act (Sweden) * * * * - The French Theater of Gustav III is composed and inaugurated. * * - '' Min son på galejan'' by Jacob Wallenberg. * - '' Passionerna'' by Thomas Thorild. Births * * February 19 - Adolf Zethelius, silversmith, industrialist (died 1864) * 19 August - Margaretha Heijkenskjöld, traveler and dress reformer (died 1834) * * 26 September – Carl Fredrik af Wingård, politician and Lutheran clergyman (died 1851) * * - Anna Maria Thalén, Swedish fashion trader (died 1851) Deaths * * * * 21 December - Johan Henrik Scheffel, artist (born 1690) * 12 September - Catharina Ebba Horn, royal mistress (born 1720) References Years of the 18th century in Sweden Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of Swed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catharina Ebba Horn
Catharina Ebba Horn af Åminne, (27 May 1720 – 12 September 1781 in Jakobsberg), was a Swedish noble and the second official royal mistress of King Frederick I of Sweden from 1745 to 1748. She was one of two official royal mistresses in Sweden. She had no influence over state affairs, but she did patronise careers through her powerful connections and her position. Biography Background Catharina Ebba Horn was born the child of the Colonel Baron Krister Horn and Anna Regina Sjöblad. She was the sister of Count Fredric Horn af Åminne (1725-1796) and Gustaf Adolf Horn af Åminne (1721-1793). When the official mistress of the king, Hedvig Taube, died in 1744 the royal court was in search for a replacement. The king had at this point a bad reputation because of his open and frequent use of prostitutes from the streets and his alcoholism. However, the fact that he had made Hedvig Taube an official mistress had set an example. Catharina Horn was unmarried at an age when most women ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1778 In Sweden
Events from the year 1778 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Gustav III Events * April - The king introduces the costume reform ''Nationella dräkten'' to give the population a standard costume to wear and thereby avoid the great waste of clothing. In reality, however, the costume comes to be worn only as a court costume. * 20 October - First issue of '' Stockholms-Posten'' * Capital punishment in Sweden is abolished for infanticide, rape, adultery, bigamy, witchcraft and repeated theft.{ * '' Barnamordsplakatet'' secures the right to anonymity for, and bans persecution of, unwed mothers to protect them from the social stigma which could cause infanticide. * The pregnancy of Queen Sophia Magdalena is announced after twelve years of childless marriage for the royal couple. The Queen Dowager is involved supporting rumors that Adolf Fredrik Munck is the real father, resulting in a court scandal. The ''Munck affair'' ends with the Queen Dowager forced to officially retract her sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles De Geer
Baron Charles de Geer (the family is usually known as De Geer with a capitalized "De" and is pronounced "de yer"); Finspång in Risinge 30 January 1720 – Stockholm 7 March 1778) was a Swedish industrialist and entomologist. Life De Geer, who came from a family with strong Dutch connections, grew up in Utrecht from the age of three. He returned to Sweden at the age of 19. He had inherited the entailed manor and important iron-works of Leufsta (Lövsta) in Uppland from his childless uncle and namesake and would substantially increased the wealth of the estate. Ever since he had received a present of some silk worms at the age of eight, he had an interest in entomology and became a respected amateur entomologist at an early age. His major work was the ''Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire des insectes'' (eight volumes, 1752-1778). He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences already in 1739, at the age of nineteen, and a corresponding member of the Fren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1784 In Sweden
Events from the year 1784 in Sweden Incumbents * List of Swedish monarchs, Monarch – Gustav III of Sweden, Gustav III Events * * * 1 July - Alliance treaty between Sweden and France: Sweden are given Saint-Barthélemy as a colony. * * August - Gustav III returns to Sweden. * - Vänersborg Church is inaugurated. * - The Illis Quorum is created. * - Inauguration of the Stenborg Theatre.Johan Flodmark : Stenborgska skådebanorna (The Stenborg Stages) (Swedish) * Births * March 24 - Johan Gabriel Richert, jurist (died 1864 in Sweden, 1864) * 21 August - Charlotta Berger, writer (died 1852 in Sweden, 1852) * 23 August - Henriette Löfman, composer (died 1836 in Sweden, 1836) * 31 August - Jeanette Wässelius, opera singer (died 1853 in Sweden, 1853) * 15 October - Hans Olof Holmström, bishop (died 1855 in Sweden, 1855) * 17 November – Julia Nyberg, poet (died 1854 in Sweden, 1854) * 21 November - Gustaf Wilhelm Finnberg, painter (died 1833 in Sweden, 1833) Deaths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charlotta Löfgren
Catharina ''Charlotta'' Löfgren (January 1720, Linköping – 14 February 1784), was a Sweden, Swedish lady of letters and poet. Biography Charlotta Löfgren was the daughter of the local official Anders Löfgréen (d. 1728) and Anna Schreibe and the sister of the poet Henrik Anders Löfgren. She married in 1738 to the vicar Petrus Lagerman (1706–1790), who occasionally wrote poems as well. She lived in Norrköping from 1746, where she was a local literary celebrity and wrote poems for festive public occasions. Löfgren was published both in name and anonymously, which means that a significant amount of her poems are unidentified. She is believed to be the author "C.C.L", who published numerous poems in the period of 1742–1764. Most of her poems describe individual women, and in one poem from 1748, she makes herself the spokesperson of women and salutes Pagan Roman gods. Her correspondence, partially written in verse, with Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht, Hedvig Löfwenskiöld, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm ''Bombyx mori'' reared in captivity (sericulture). The shimmering appearance of silk is due to the triangular prism-like structure of the silk fibre, which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles, thus producing different colors. Silk is produced by several insects; but, generally, only the silk of moth caterpillars has been used for textile manufacturing. There has been some research into other types of silk, which differ at the molecular level. Silk is mainly produced by the larvae of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis, but some insects, such as webspinners and raspy crickets, produce silk throughout their lives. Silk production also occurs in hymenoptera ( bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumptuary Law
Sumptuary laws (from Latin ''sūmptuāriae lēgēs'') are laws that try to regulate consumption. '' Black's Law Dictionary'' defines them as "Laws made for the purpose of restraining luxury or extravagance, particularly against inordinate expenditures for apparel, food, furniture, etc." Historically, they were intended to regulate and reinforce social hierarchies and morals through restrictions on clothing, food, and luxury expenditures, often depending on a person's social rank. Societies have used sumptuary laws for a variety of purposes. They were used to try to regulate the balance of trade by limiting the market for expensive imported goods. They made it easy to identify social rank and privilege, and as such could be used for social discrimination. They could also be used to prevent, or at least reduce opportunities for political bribery and corruption. The laws often prevented commoners from imitating the appearance of aristocrats, and could be used to stigmatize disf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
