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Byrrhoidea Genera
Byrrhoidea is a superfamily of beetles belonging to Elateriformia that includes several families which are either aquatic or associated with a semi-aquatic habitat. Other than the superfamily Hydrophiloidea, most of the remaining Polyphagan beetles which are aquatic are in this superfamily. Description Adults of many Byrrhoidea have exocone eyes (with expanded corneal lens). The anterior edge of the scutellar shield is often abruptly elevated (except in Psephenidae and Cneoglossidae). A variety of byrrhoids have the first three abdominal ventrites solidly fused together. Larvae of most Limnichiidae have one pair of anal hooks on the tenth abdominal segment, while Cneoglossidae and Ptilodactylidae have three or more hooks on each side of this segment. Larvae of Lutrochidae and Elmidae, as well as the limnichiid genus ''Hyphalus'', have anal gill tufts. Almost all byrrhoid larvae have anterior abdominal spiracles that are biforous (or bilabiate) in shape. The degree of wing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byrrhus Pilula
''Byrrhus pilula '' is a Holarctic species of beetle in the family Byrrhidae the pill beetles. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. Description The body is short and stout and brown with rows of dark and light brown markings on the elytra. Body length is 6.7 to 9.3 mm. Biology Pill beetles can retract all their appendages into ventral body grooves-so feigning death and are then said to Camouflage, resemble or mimic a rabbit dropping or seed. Both larvae and adults feed on moss, algae and liverworts. Main habitats include moorland, heathland and sandy shorelines. They are found beneath logs and stones and at plant roots on damp, sandy or stony soils. They form part of the diet of the Red Kite in Wales P. E. Davis & J. E. Davis (1981) The food of the Red Kite in Wales, ''Bird Study'', 28:1, 33-40, DOI: 10.1080/0006365810947669online/ref> and have been found in Common kestrel, Kestrel and Little owl, Little Owl Pellet (ornithology), pellets. Distribution In the Palearcti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scutellum (insect Anatomy)
The scutellum is the posterior portion of either the mesonotum or the metanotum of an insect thorax; however, it is used almost exclusively in the former context, as the metanotum is rather reduced in most insect groups. In the Hemiptera, and some Coleoptera, the scutellum is a small triangular plate behind the pronotum and between the forewing bases. In Diptera and Hymenoptera the scutellum is nearly always distinct, but much smaller than (and immediately posterior to) the mesoscutum. File:Heteroptera morphology-d.svg, 26 = Heteroptera scutellum File:Housefly anatomy-key.svg, 6 = Diptera scutellum File:Coléoptère schématique.jpg, 9 = Coleoptera scutellum File:Scheme ant worker anatomy-numbered.svg, 10 = Formicidae scutellum See also * Scutoid A scutoid is a particular type of geometric solid between two parallel surfaces. The boundary of each of the surfaces (and of all the other parallel surfaces between them) either is a polygon or resembles a polygon, but is not nec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moss
Mosses are small, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic division Bryophyta (, ) '' sensu stricto''. Bryophyta (''sensu lato'', Schimp. 1879) may also refer to the parent group bryophytes, which comprise liverworts, mosses, and hornworts. Mosses typically form dense green clumps or mats, often in damp or shady locations. The individual plants are usually composed of simple leaves that are generally only one cell thick, attached to a stem that may be branched or unbranched and has only a limited role in conducting water and nutrients. Although some species have conducting tissues, these are generally poorly developed and structurally different from similar tissue found in vascular plants. Mosses do not have seeds and after fertilisation develop sporophytes with unbranched stalks topped with single capsules containing spores. They are typically tall, though some species are much larger. ''Dawsonia'', the tallest moss in the world, can grow to in height. There are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algae
Algae (; singular alga ) is an informal term for a large and diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. It is a polyphyletic grouping that includes species from multiple distinct clades. Included organisms range from unicellular microalgae, such as ''Chlorella,'' ''Prototheca'' and the diatoms, to multicellular forms, such as the giant kelp, a large brown alga which may grow up to in length. Most are aquatic and autotrophic (they generate food internally) and lack many of the distinct cell and tissue types, such as stomata, xylem and phloem that are found in land plants. The largest and most complex marine algae are called seaweeds, while the most complex freshwater forms are the ''Charophyta'', a division of green algae which includes, for example, ''Spirogyra'' and stoneworts. No definition of algae is generally accepted. One definition is that algae "have chlorophyll ''a'' as their primary photosynthetic pigment and lack a sterile covering of cells around thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouthparts adapted to rasping or grinding. Horses and other herbivores have wide flat teeth that are adapted to grinding grass, tree bark, and other tough plant material. A large percentage of herbivores have mutualistic gut flora that help them digest plant matter, which is more difficult to digest than animal prey. This flora is made up of cellulose-digesting protozoans or bacteria. Etymology Herbivore is the anglicized form of a modern Latin coinage, ''herbivora'', cited in Charles Lyell's 1830 ''Principles of Geology''.J.A. Simpson and E.S.C. Weiner, eds. (2000) ''The Oxford English Dictionary'', vol. 8, p. 155. Richard Owen employed the anglicized term in an 1854 work on fossil teeth and skeletons. ''Herbivora'' is derived from Latin ''herba' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stygoparnus
''Stygoparnus'' is a monotypic genus''Stygoparnus''. BugGuide.net of containing the single species ''Stygoparnus comalensis'', which is known by the common name Comal Springs dryopid beetle. This rare beetle is to in the United States, where it is known from two springs. It is a federally listed |
Elminae
Elminae is a subfamily of riffle beetles in the family Elmidae. There are at least 120 genera and more than 1,300 described species in Elminae. Genera These genera belong to the subfamily Elminae. * '' Aesobia'' Jäch, 1982 * '' Amazonopsis'' Barr, 2018 * '' Ampumixis'' Sanderson, 1954 * ''Ancyronyx'' Erichson, 1847 * '' Anommatelmis'' Spangler, 1981 * '' Aspidelmis'' Delève, 1954 * '' Atractelmis'' Chandler, 1954 * '' Aulacosolus'' Jäch & Boukal, 1997 * '' Austrelmis'' Brown, 1984 * '' Austrolimnius'' Carter & Zeck, 1929 * ''Bryelmis'' Barr, 2011 * '' Cephalolimnius'' Delève, 1973 * '' Cleptelmis'' Sanderson, 1954 * '' Coxelmis'' Carter & Zeck, 1929 * ''Ctenelmis'' Delève, 1964 * '' Cuspidevia'' Jäch & Boukal, 1995 * '' Cylloepus'' Erichson, 1847 * '' Dubiraphia'' Sanderson, 1954 * '' Dupophilus'' Mulsant & Rey, 1872 * '' Elachistelmis'' Maier, 2012 * '' Elmidolia'' Fairmaire, 1879 * ''Elmis'' Latreille, 1802 * '' Elpidemis'' Delève, 1964 * '' Eonychius'' Jäch & Boukal, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larainae
Larainae is a subfamily of riffle beetles in the family Elmidae. There are more than 20 genera and 160 described species in Larainae. Genera These 28 genera belong to the subfamily Larainae: * '' Disersus'' Sharp, 1882 * '' Dryopomorphus'' Hamilton, 1936 * '' Hexanchorus'' Sharp, 1882 * '' Hispaniolara'' Brown, 1981 * '' Hydora'' Broun, 1882 * '' Hydrethus'' Fairmaire, 1889 * '' Hypsilara'' Maier & Spangler, 2011 * '' Jaechomorphus'' Kodada, 1993 * '' Laorina'' Jäch, 1997 * ''Lara'' LeConte, 1852 * '' Microlara'' Jäch, 1993 * '' Neblinagena'' Spangler, 1985 * '' Omotonus'' Delève, 1963 * '' Ovolara'' Brown, 1981 * '' Parapotamophilus'' Brown, 1981 * '' Phanoceroides'' Hinton, 1939 * '' Phanocerus'' Sharp, 1882 * '' Pharceonus'' Spangler & Santiago-Fragoso, 1992 * '' Potamocares'' Grouvelle, 1920 * '' Potamodytes'' Grouvelle, 1896 * '' Potamogethes'' Delève, 1963 * '' Potamolatres'' Delève, 1963 * '' Potamophilinus'' Grouvelle, 1896 * '' Potamophilops'' Grouvelle, 1896 * '' P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aptery
Aptery is the anatomical condition of an animal completely lacking any kind of wings. An animal with this condition is said to be apterous. Most animal species belong to and are phylogenetic descendants of apterous taxa. These groups are said to be primarily apterous. Insects that are primarily apterous belong to the subclass Apterygota. Apterous is an adjective that means that the insect or organism is wingless and usually refers to a particular form of an insect that may have wings, or a wingless species in a group that typically has wings, e.g. many Orthoptera (grasshoppers and allies) and Hymenoptera (wasps). In some groups, one sex may be apterous while the other is winged, e.g. Mutillidae (velvet ants). In other cases a particular form of an insect (but not all individuals) will be apterous, e.g. some Tetrigidae (pygmy grasshoppers). Wingless animals which belong to or are phylogenetic descendants of winged taxa are said to be secondarily apterous. 5% of extant Pterygota are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachyptery
Brachyptery is an anatomical condition in which an animal has very reduced wings. Such animals or their wings may be described as "brachypterous". Another descriptor for very small wings is microptery. Brachypterous wings generally are not functional as organs of flight and often seem to be totally functionless and vestigial. In some species, however, flightless wings may have other functions, such as aposematic display in some Orthoptera and Phasmatodea. Brachyptery occurs commonly among insects. An insect species might evolve towards brachyptery by reducing its flight muscles and their associated energy demands, or by avoiding the hazards of flight in windy conditions on oceanic islands, in which flying insects are prone to drowning. Brachyptery also is common in ectoparasitic insects that have no use for wings, and inquiline insects with socially parasitic life strategies that do not require functional wings. In some species of insects, brachyptery occurs in some members (say ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wing
A wing is a type of fin that produces lift while moving through air or some other fluid. Accordingly, wings have streamlined cross-sections that are subject to aerodynamic forces and act as airfoils. A wing's aerodynamic efficiency is expressed as its lift-to-drag ratio. The lift a wing generates at a given speed and angle of attack can be one to two orders of magnitude greater than the total drag on the wing. A high lift-to-drag ratio requires a significantly smaller thrust to propel the wings through the air at sufficient lift. Lifting structures used in water include various foils, such as hydrofoils. Hydrodynamics is the governing science, rather than aerodynamics. Applications of underwater foils occur in hydroplanes, sailboats and submarines. Etymology and usage For many centuries, the word "wing", from the Old Norse ''vængr'', referred mainly to the foremost limbs of birds (in addition to the architectural aisle). But in recent centuries the word's meaning has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiracle (arthropods)
A spiracle or stigma is the opening in the exoskeletons of insects and some spiders to allow air to enter the trachea. In the respiratory system of insects, the tracheal tubes primarily deliver oxygen directly into the animals' tissues. The spiracles can be opened and closed in an efficient manner to reduce water loss. This is done by contracting closer muscles surrounding the spiracle. In order to open, the muscle relaxes. The closer muscle is controlled by the central nervous system, but can also react to localized chemical stimuli. Several aquatic insects have similar or alternative closing methods to prevent water from entering the trachea. The timing and duration of spiracle closures can affect the respiratory rates of the organism. Spiracles may also be surrounded by hairs to minimize bulk air movement around the opening, and thus minimize water loss. Although all insects have spiracles, only some spiders have them, such as orb weavers and wolf spiders. Ancestrally, spiders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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