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Brotherhood Of Liberty
Established June 2, 1885, in Baltimore, Maryland, the Mutual United Brotherhood of Liberty (known as the Brotherhood of Liberty) sought to remove social injustices and protect the civil rights of the black minority by fighting against the strictures of the Jim Crow Era. The Brotherhood of Liberty used legal means to protect the civil rights of African American people. The Brotherhood of Liberty was founded by Rev. Harvey Johnson, a pastor at Union Baptist Church, and other local pastors, Ananias Brown, William Moncure Alexander, Patrick Henry Alexander, John Calvin Allen, and W. Charles Lawson. They advocated for the right of colored people to practice law in Maryland. The Brotherhood of Liberty created schools for the black community and were pioneers in assisting colored people in getting a better education, being united, and improving their standard of living. At the time the Brotherhood was established in Baltimore, there was no high school for African American children and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvey Johnson
Harvey Johnson may refer to: * Harvey E. Johnson Jr., retired US Vice Admiral and C.O.O. of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) * Harvey H. Johnson (1808–1896), U.S. Congressional Representative from Ohio * Harvey Johnson Jr. (born 1946), mayor of Jackson, Mississippi, 1997–2005, 2009-present * Harvey Johnson (Australian footballer) (1907–1948), Australian rules footballer for Hawthorn * Harvey Johnson (coach) (1919–1983), former Buffalo Bills head coach * Harvey Johnson (reverend) (1843–1923), African American pastor, activist, and leader of the Union Baptist Church * Harvey L. Johnson (1904–1995), American scholar of Latin America * Captain Harvey Johnson, British officer of the native Junagadh State which was annexed by the newly independent India in 1947 * Harvey Johnson, fictional character on Australian soap opera ''Neighbours'' * Harvey Johnson, fictional character in musical ''Bye Bye Birdie'' {{hndis, Johnson, Harvey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltimore
Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was designated an independent city by the Constitution of Maryland in 1851, and today is the most populous independent city in the United States. As of 2021, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be 2,838,327, making it the 20th largest metropolitan area in the country. Baltimore is located about north northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the third-largest CSA in the nation, with a 2021 estimated population of 9,946,526. Prior to European colonization, the Baltimore region was used as hunting grounds by the Susquehannock Native Americans, who were primarily settled further northwest than where the city was later built. Colonist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jim Crow Laws
The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. Other areas of the United States were affected by formal and informal policies of segregation as well, but many states outside the South had adopted laws, beginning in the late 19th century, banning discrimination in public accommodations and voting. Southern laws were enacted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by white Southern Democrat-dominated state legislatures to disenfranchise and remove political and economic gains made by African Americans during the Reconstruction era. Jim Crow laws were enforced until 1965. In practice, Jim Crow laws mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the states of the former Confederate States of America and in some others, beginning in the 1870s. Jim Crow laws were upheld in 1896 in the case of ''Plessy vs. Ferguson'', in which the Supreme Court laid out its "separate but equal" legal doctrine concerning faciliti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African Americans
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of enslaved Africans who are from the United States. While some Black immigrants or their children may also come to identify as African-American, the majority of first generation immigrants do not, preferring to identify with their nation of origin. African Americans constitute the second largest racial group in the U.S. after White Americans, as well as the third largest ethnic group after Hispanic and Latino Americans. Most African Americans are descendants of enslaved people within the boundaries of the present United States. On average, African Americans are of West/ Central African with some European descent; some also have Native American and other ancestry. According to U.S. Census Bureau data, African immigrants generally do not se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvey Johnson (reverend)
Harvey Johnson (August 4, 1843 – January 1923) was a leading African American pastor, activist, and longtime leader of the Union Baptist Church during the 19th century and early 20th century. Personal life Johnson was born in Fauquier County, Virginia to Harriet and Thomas Johnson, who were held in slavery and worked on a plantation. Once his parents were freed, they migrated to Alexandria, Virginia. Following the war, Alexandria's black population grew and a number of institutions were created. One that stood out in particular to Johnson and his parents was the Alfred Street Baptist Church. Johnson completed four years of college and graduated from Washington, D. C.'s Wayland Seminary in 1868, with honors. He married writer Amelia E. Hall on April 17, 1877. She was an Afro-Canadian born in Montreal in 1868. Amelia met Reverend Harvey Johnson in Baltimore after her family had relocated to Baltimore in 1874. The two married a few years later. Amelia bore three children by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Baptist Church (Baltimore, Maryland)
The Union Baptist Church is a historic Baptist church building located at 1219 Druid Hill Avenue in central Baltimore, Maryland. The granite church was designed by New York architect William J. Beardsley and built in 1905 under the leadership of Rev. Harvey Johnson. The Gothic Revival structure features steeply pitched roofs, lancet windows, and distinctive buttressing on the front facade to provide support for the walls on a constrained lot size. The church was built for a predominantly African-American congregation established in 1852; its minister from 1872 to 1923, Rev. Harvey Johnson, was a prominent voice in the civil rights movement. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009. See also *National Register of Historic Places listings in Central Baltimore This is a list of National Register of Historic Places properties and districts in downtown Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Many other properties are located in other parts of the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maryland
Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. Baltimore is the largest city in the state, and the capital is Annapolis. Among its occasional nicknames are '' Old Line State'', the ''Free State'', and the '' Chesapeake Bay State''. It is named after Henrietta Maria, the French-born queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, who was known then in England as Mary. Before its coastline was explored by Europeans in the 16th century, Maryland was inhabited by several groups of Native Americans – mostly by Algonquian peoples and, to a lesser degree, Iroquoian and Siouan. As one of the original Thirteen Colonies of England, Maryland was founded by George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, a Catholic convert"George Calvert and Cecilius Calvert, Barons Baltimore" William Hand Browne, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
City Council
A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, rural council, village council, or board of aldermen. Australia Because of the differences in legislation between the states, the exact definition of a city council varies. However, it is generally only those local government areas which have been specifically granted city status (usually on a basis of population) that are entitled to refer to themselves as cities. The official title is "Corporation of the City of ______" or similar. Some of the urban areas of Australia are governed mostly by a single entity (see Brisbane and other Queensland cities), while others may be controlled by a multitude of much smaller city councils. Also, some significant urban areas can be under the jurisdiction of otherwise rural local governments. Periodic re-al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justice And Jurisprudence
''Justice and Jurisprudence'' is a book that was first published in 1889 by the Brotherhood of Liberty. It was a critique of rulings of the Supreme Court of the United States on the Reconstruction Amendments. The book is "the first known comprehensive book on jurisprudence written by blacks" and serves as a valuable source of information on African Americans' legal opinions in the late 19th century. Background After passing a bar exam in Maine in 1844, Macon Bolling Allen became the first African American lawyer in the United States. In 1865, John Swett Rock became the first Black person to be admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. Partly in response to Black people being restricted from entering the Maryland Bar, a group known as the Brotherhood of Liberty was formed in Baltimore on June 2, 1885. That same year, Everett J. Waring was admitted to the bar and that portion of the Brotherhood's goal was reached. However, the group stayed active with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African-American History In Baltimore
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of enslaved Africans who are from the United States. While some Black immigrants or their children may also come to identify as African-American, the majority of first generation immigrants do not, preferring to identify with their nation of origin. African Americans constitute the second largest racial group in the U.S. after White Americans, as well as the third largest ethnic group after Hispanic and Latino Americans. Most African Americans are descendants of enslaved people within the boundaries of the present United States. On average, African Americans are of West/ Central African with some European descent; some also have Native American and other ancestry. According to U.S. Census Bureau data, African immigrants generally do not self ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
