Brannon Run (East Branch Oil Creek Tributary)
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Brannon Run (East Branch Oil Creek Tributary)
Brannon Run is a long tributary to East Branch Oil Creek in Crawford County, Pennsylvania. Course Brannon Run rises on the McLaughlin Creek divide about 2 miles east of Centerville, Pennsylvania. Brannon Run then flows northwest through the Erie Drift Plain to East Branch Oil Creek about 1.5 miles northeast of Centerville. Watershed Brannon Run drains of area, receives about 45.4 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index The topographic wetness index (TWI), also known as the compound topographic index (CTI), is a steady state wetness index. It is commonly used to quantify topographic control on hydrological processes. The index is a function of both the slope and t ... of 436.55 and is about 60% forested. References Additional Maps {{authority control Rivers of Pennsylvania Rivers of Crawford County, Pennsylvania ...
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United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in free association with three Pacific Island sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. Paleo-Americ ...
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, Maryland to its south, West Virginia to its southwest, Ohio to its west, Lake Erie and the Canadian province of Ontario to its northwest, New York to its north, and the Delaware River and New Jersey to its east. Pennsylvania is the fifth-most populous state in the nation with over 13 million residents as of 2020. It is the 33rd-largest state by area and ranks ninth among all states in population density. The southeastern Delaware Valley metropolitan area comprises and surrounds Philadelphia, the state's largest and nation's sixth most populous city. Another 2.37 million reside in Greater Pittsburgh in the southwest, centered around Pittsburgh, the state's second-largest and Western Pennsylvania's largest city. The state's su ...
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Crawford County, Pennsylvania
Crawford County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,938. Its county seat is Meadville. The county was created on March 12, 1800, from part of Allegheny County and named for Colonel William Crawford. Crawford County comprises the Meadville, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Erie-Meadville, PA Combined Statistical Area. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (2.4%) is water. It has a warm-summer humid continental climate (''Dfb'') and average monthly temperatures in Meadville range from 24.9 °F in January to 69.5 °F in July, while in Titusville they range from 24.2 °F in January to 68.8 °F in July Adjacent counties * Erie County, Pennsylvania, Erie County (north) *Warren County (east) * Venango County (southeast) * Mercer County (south) *Trumbull County, Ohio (southwest) *Ashtabula County, Ohio (west) ...
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Rome Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania
Rome Township is a township in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,000 at the 2020 census, up from 1,840 at the 2010 census. Geography Rome Township is in eastern Crawford County, bordered by Warren County to the east. The borough of Centerville is along the western edge of the township. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , all land. Natural features Rome Township is located in the southeastern part of Crawford County in the Northwestern Glaciated Plateau of Pennsylvania. The township is drained by Oil Creek, a southward-flowing tributary of the Allegheny River, and two tributaries to Oil Creek, East Branch Oil Creek, and tributaries of Thompson Creek. Tributaries to East Branch Oil Creek include Britton Run, Coon Run, Twomile Creek, and Fivemile Creek. Tributaries to Thompson Creek include McLaughlin Creek, Shirley Run and its tributary Dolly Run, and Hummer Creek. The lowest elevation of ...
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East Branch Oil Creek (Oil Creek Tributary)
East Branch Oil Creek is a 10.9-mile (17.5 km) 4th order tributary to Oil Creek in Crawford County, Pennsylvania. Course East Branch of Oil Creek rises at the confluence of Stranahan and Patrick Runs in Clear Lake. It then flows south and southwest through the Erie Drift Plain to Centerville, Pennsylvania where it joins Oil Creek. Tributaries Watershed East Branch Oil Creek drains of area, receives about 46.0 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index The topographic wetness index (TWI), also known as the compound topographic index (CTI), is a steady state wetness index. It is commonly used to quantify topographic control on hydrological processes. The index is a function of both the slope and t ... of 467.92, and has an average water temperature of 7.56 °C. The watershed is 49% forested. References Additional Maps {{authority control Rivers of Pennsylvania Rivers of Crawford County, Pennsylvania ...
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McLaughlin Creek (Thompson Creek Tributary)
McLaughlin Creek is a stream that rises in a swampy area to the south of Buell Corners on the divide between Thompson Creek and East Branch of Oil Creek in Crawford County, Pennsylvania. Variant names According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as: *Little Oil Creek Course McLaughlin Creek flows west from the swamp underneath PA 89 and then southwest around Fink and Gilson Ridges. Once around the ridges, it turns south and rapidly falls through Bog Hollow to meet Thompson Creek at the bottom. Bog Hollow marks the terminal moraine for glaciation. References Additional Maps {{authority control Rivers of Pennsylvania Rivers of Crawford County, Pennsylvania ...
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Oil Creek (Allegheny River Tributary)
Oil Creek is a tributary of the Allegheny River in Venango and Crawford counties in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It has a drainage area of and joins the Allegheny at Oil City. Attractions along the river include the Drake Well Museum and Oil Creek State Park. The stream was named after the oil that was found along its banks before the historic oil strike by Edwin Drake in Titusville, which Oil Creek flows through. Oil Creek is popular with canoeists and fishers. The creek is rated as a beginners creek for those interested in learning how to safely use canoes and kayaks. Oil Creek is a cold water fishery with bass and trout living in its waters. Watershed Tributaries See also * List of rivers of Pennsylvania * List of tributaries of the Allegheny River References External linksReal-Time Water Data Oil Creek at Rouseville (USGS The United States Geological Survey (USGS), formerly simply known as the Geological Survey, is a scientific agency of the United St ...
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Allegheny River
The Allegheny River ( ) is a long headwater stream of the Ohio River in western Pennsylvania and New York (state), New York. The Allegheny River runs from its headwaters just below the middle of Pennsylvania's northern border northwesterly into New York then in a zigzag southwesterly across the border and through Western Pennsylvania to join the Monongahela River at the Forks of the Ohio on the "Point" of Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of both the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Historically, the Allegheny was considered to be the upper Ohio River by both Native Americans and European settlers. The shallow river has been made navigable upstream from Pittsburgh to East Brady, Pennsylvania, East Brady by a series of locks and dams constructed in the early 20th century. A 24-mile long portion of the upper river in Warren County, Pennsylvania, Warren and McKean County, Pennsylvania, McKean counties of Pennsy ...
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Ohio River
The Ohio River is a long river in the United States. It is located at the boundary of the Midwestern and Southern United States, flowing southwesterly from western Pennsylvania to its mouth on the Mississippi River at the southern tip of Illinois. It is the third largest river by discharge volume in the United States and the largest tributary by volume of the north-south flowing Mississippi River that divides the eastern from western United States. It is also the 6th oldest river on the North American continent. The river flows through or along the border of six states, and its drainage basin includes parts of 14 states. Through its largest tributary, the Tennessee River, the basin includes several states of the southeastern U.S. It is the source of drinking water for five million people. The lower Ohio River just below Louisville is obstructed by rapids known as the Falls of the Ohio where the elevation falls in restricting larger commercial navigation, although in the 18th ...
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Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it flows generally south for to the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains all or parts of 32 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces between the Rocky and Appalachian mountains. The main stem is entirely within the United States; the total drainage basin is , of which only about one percent is in Canada. The Mississippi ranks as the thirteenth-largest river by discharge in the world. The river either borders or passes through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana. Native Americans have lived along the Mississippi River and its tributaries for thousands of years. Most were hunter-ga ...
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Gulf Of Mexico
The Gulf of Mexico ( es, Golfo de México) is an oceanic basin, ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent. It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of the United States; on the southwest and south by the Mexico, Mexican States of Mexico, states of Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatan, and Quintana Roo; and on the southeast by Cuba. The Southern United States, Southern U.S. states of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, which border the Gulf on the north, are often referred to as the "Third Coast" of the United States (in addition to its Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, Pacific coasts). The Gulf of Mexico took shape approximately 300 million years ago as a result of plate tectonics.Huerta, A.D., and D.L. Harry (2012) ''Wilson cycles, tectonic inheritance, and rifting of the North American Gulf of Mexico continental margin.'' Geosphere. 8(1):GES00725.1, first p ...
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Topographic Wetness Index
The topographic wetness index (TWI), also known as the compound topographic index (CTI), is a steady state wetness index. It is commonly used to quantify topographic control on hydrological processes. The index is a function of both the slope and the upstream contributing area per unit width orthogonal to the flow direction. The index was designed for hillslope catenas. Accumulation numbers in flat areas will be very large, so TWI will not be a relevant variable. The index is highly correlated with several soil attributes such as horizon depth, silt percentage, organic matter content, and phosphorus. Methods of computing this index differ primarily in the way the upslope contributing area is calculated. Definition The topographic wetness index is defined as: \ln where a is the local upslope area draining through a certain point per unit contour length and \tan b is the local slope in radians. The TWI has been used to study spatial scale effects on hydrological processes. The t ...
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