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Borrelia Turdi
''Borrelia turdi'', formerly known as ''Borrelia turdae'', is a spirochete bacterium first isolated from specimens of '' Ixodes tanuki''. Its name refers to its reservoir A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation. Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including contro ..., '' Turdus merula''. References Further reading * * * External links NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia* turdi Bacteria described in 1996 {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spirochete
A spirochaete () or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (), (synonym Spirochaetes) which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells. Spirochaetes are chemoheterotrophic in nature, with lengths between 3 and 500 μm and diameters around 0.09 to at least 3 μm. Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella, called endoflagella which are sometimes called ''axial filaments''. Endoflagella are anchored at each end (pole) of the bacterium within the periplasmic space (between the inner and outer membranes) where they project backwards to extend the length of the cell. These cause a twisting motion which allows the spirochaete to move about. When reproducing, a spirochaete will undergo asexual transverse binary fission. Most spirochaetes are free-living and anaerobic, but there are numero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ixodes Tanuki
''Ixodes'' is a genus of hard-bodied ticks (family Ixodidae). It includes important disease vectors of animals and humans (tick-borne disease), and some species (notably ''Ixodes holocyclus'') inject toxins that can cause paralysis. Some ticks in this genus may transmit the pathogenic bacterium ''Borrelia burgdorferi'' responsible for causing Lyme disease. Additional organisms that may be transmitted by ''Ixodes'' are parasites from the genus ''Babesia'', which cause babesiosis, and bacteria from the related genus ''Anaplasma'', which cause anaplasmosis. Species These species are recognised within the genus ''Ixodes'': *''Ixodes abrocomae'' Lahille, 1917 *''Ixodes acer'' Apanaskevich & Schenk, 2020 *''Ixodes acuminatus'' Neumann, 1901 *''Ixodes acutitarsus'' (Karsch, 1880) *''Ixodes affinis'' Neumann, 1899 *''Ixodes albignaci'' Uilenberg & Hoogstraal, 1969 *''Ixodes alluaudi'' Neumann, 1913 *''Ixodes amarali'' Fonseca, 1935 *''Ixodes amersoni'' Kohls, 1966 *'' Ixodes anatis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Host (biology)
In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasite, parasitic, a mutualism (biology), mutualistic, or a commensalism, commensalist ''guest'' (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include animals playing host to parasitic worms (e.g. nematodes), cell (biology), cells harbouring pathogenic (disease-causing) viruses, a Fabaceae, bean plant hosting mutualistic (helpful) Rhizobia, nitrogen-fixing bacteria. More specifically in botany, a host plant supplies nutrient, food resources to micropredators, which have an evolutionarily stable strategy, evolutionarily stable relationship with their hosts similar to ectoparasitism. The host range is the collection of hosts that an organism can use as a partner. Symbiosis Symbiosis spans a wide variety of possible relationships between organisms, differing in their permanence and their effects on the two parties. If one of the partners in an ass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turdus Merula
The common blackbird (''Turdus merula'') is a species of true thrush. It is also called the Eurasian blackbird (especially in North America, to distinguish it from the unrelated New World blackbirds), or simply the blackbird where this does not lead to confusion with a local species. It breeds in Europe, Asiatic Russia, and North Africa, and has been introduced species, introduced to Australia and New Zealand. It has a number of subspecies across its large range; a few of the Asian subspecies are sometimes considered to be full species. Depending on latitude, the common blackbird may be Resident bird, resident, partially Bird migration, migratory, or fully migratory. The adult male of the common blackbird (''Turdus merula merula'', the nominate subspecies), which is found throughout most of Europe, is all black except for a yellow eye-ring and Beak, bill and has a rich, melodious Bird vocalization, song; the adult female and juvenile have mainly dark brown plumage. This species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microbiology And Immunology
Microbiology () is the scientific study of microorganisms, those being unicellular (single cell), multicellular (cell colony), or acellular (lacking cells). Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, bacteriology, protistology, mycology, immunology, and parasitology. Eukaryotic microorganisms possess membrane-bound organelles and include fungi and protists, whereas prokaryotic organisms—all of which are microorganisms—are conventionally classified as lacking membrane-bound organelles and include Bacteria and Archaea. Microbiologists traditionally relied on culture, staining, and microscopy. However, less than 1% of the microorganisms present in common environments can be cultured in isolation using current means. Microbiologists often rely on molecular biology tools such as DNA sequence based identification, for example the 16S rRNA gene sequence used for bacteria identification. Viruses have been variably classified as organisms, as they have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FEMS Microbiology Letters
''FEMS Microbiology Letters'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of microbiology, including virology. The journal was established in 1977 and is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Federation of European Microbiological Societies. The Editor-in-Chief has been Dr Rich Boden of the University of Plymouth since 2014. Former Editors-in-Chief include Prof Jeff Cole from 2002-2014 (University of Birmingham), Prof Fergus 'Gus' Priest from 1997-2002 (1948-2019, Heriot-Watt University) and Dr David W Tempest (Free University of Amsterdam). The journal gave rise to separate titles over the years but retained the subject areas of ecology and medical microbiology and indeed review articles as part of its scope nonetheless: *'' FEMS Microbiology Immunology'' (1988), which was retitled ''FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology'' (1993) and is now ''Pathogens and Disease'' (2013). *''FEMS Microbiology Reviews'' (1985) *''FEMS Microbiology Ecology'' (19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia
''Borrelia'' is a genus of bacteria of the spirochete phylum. Several species cause Lyme disease, also called Lyme borreliosis, a zoonotic, vector-borne disease transmitted by ticks. Other species of ''Borrelia'' cause relapsing fever, and are transmitted by ticks or lice, depending on the species of bacteria. A few ''Borrelia'' species as ''Candidatus'' Borrelia mahuryensis harbor intermediate genetic features between Lyme disease and relapsing fever ''Borrelia''. The genus is named after French biologist Amédée Borrel (1867–1936), who first documented the distinction between a species of ''Borrelia'', ''B. anserina'', and the other known type of spirochete at the time, ''Treponema pallidum''. This bacterium must be viewed using dark-field microscopy, which make the cells appear white against a dark background. ''Borrelia'' species are grown in Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly medium. Of 52 known species of ''Borrelia'', 20 are members of the Lyme disease group (with an additional 3 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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