|
Borrelia Coriaceae
''Borrelia coriaceae'' is a species of spirochete bacteria and member of the genus ''Borrelia''. Strains of this species have been isolated from the soft tick '' Ornithodoros coriaceus'' and from mule deer. Pathogenicity ''B. coriaceae'' is a suspected pathogen in cattle, in which it is suspected to cause abortion (specifically, epizootic bovine abortion). The species is also closely related to other ''Borrelia'' species known to cause relapsing fever Relapsing fever is a vector-borne disease caused by infection with certain bacteria in the genus '' Borrelia'', which is transmitted through the bites of lice or soft-bodied ticks (genus ''Ornithodoros''). Signs and symptoms Most people who ar ... in humans. References coriaceae Bacteria described in 1987 {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spirochete
A spirochaete () or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (), (synonym Spirochaetes) which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells. Spirochaetes are chemoheterotrophic in nature, with lengths between 3 and 500 μm and diameters around 0.09 to at least 3 μm. Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella, called endoflagella which are sometimes called ''axial filaments''. Endoflagella are anchored at each end (pole) of the bacterium within the periplasmic space (between the inner and outer membranes) where they project backwards to extend the length of the cell. These cause a twisting motion which allows the spirochaete to move about. When reproducing, a spirochaete will undergo asexual transverse binary fission. Most spirochaetes are free-living and anaerobic, but there are numero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia
''Borrelia'' is a genus of bacteria of the spirochete phylum. Several species cause Lyme disease, also called Lyme borreliosis, a zoonotic, vector-borne disease transmitted by ticks. Other species of ''Borrelia'' cause relapsing fever, and are transmitted by ticks or lice, depending on the species of bacteria. A few ''Borrelia'' species as ''Candidatus'' Borrelia mahuryensis harbor intermediate genetic features between Lyme disease and relapsing fever ''Borrelia''. The genus is named after French biologist Amédée Borrel (1867–1936), who first documented the distinction between a species of ''Borrelia'', ''B. anserina'', and the other known type of spirochete at the time, ''Treponema pallidum''. This bacterium must be viewed using dark-field microscopy, which make the cells appear white against a dark background. ''Borrelia'' species are grown in Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly medium. Of 52 known species of ''Borrelia'', 20 are members of the Lyme disease group (with an additional 3 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ornithodoros Coriaceus
''Ornithodoros coriaceus'', the ''Pajahuello'' or Pajahuello tick, is a tick that feeds on the blood of mammals and birds. It is widely distributed throughout western North America from southern Mexico to Oregon. Although this species rarely bites humans (and is not known to transmit any disease to humans) its bite is considered to be particularly painful. It is the primary vector of the bacterium that causes Epizootic Bovine Abortion, a severe and commercially-important disease afflicting domestic cattle. Etymology The genus name of this species comes from the Greek roots ''ornitho–'' (bird) and –''doros'' (gift). The epithet ''coriaceus'' (leathery) refers to the texture of the cuticle, which is tough but softer than those of the more familiar hard-backed ticks (Ixodidae). The name ''Pajahuello'' was introduced by Banks in 1904, and was reiterated under this name by Furman and Loomis. This name appears to have stabilized as the common name most widely used in academic lit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mule Deer
The mule deer (''Odocoileus hemionus'') is a deer indigenous to western North America; it is named for its ears, which are large like those of the mule. Two subspecies of mule deer are grouped into the black-tailed deer. Unlike the related white-tailed deer (''Odocoileus virginianus''), which is found throughout most of North America east of the Rocky Mountains and in the valleys of the Rocky Mountains from Idaho and Wyoming northward, mule deer are only found on the western Great Plains, in the Rocky Mountains, in the southwest United States, and on the west coast of North America. Mule deer have also been introduced to Argentina and Kauai, Kauai, Hawaii. Taxonomy Mule deer can be divided into two main groups: the mule deer (''sensu stricto'') and the black-tailed deer. The first group includes all subspecies, except ''O. h. columbianus'' and ''Sitka deer, O. h. sitkensis'', which are in the black-tailed deer group. The two main groups have been treated as separate species, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cattle
Cattle (''Bos taurus'') are large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivores. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus ''Bos''. Adult females are referred to as cows and adult males are referred to as bulls. Cattle are commonly raised as livestock for meat (beef or veal, see beef cattle), for milk (see dairy cattle), and for hides, which are used to make leather. They are used as riding animals and draft animals ( oxen or bullocks, which pull carts, plows and other implements). Another product of cattle is their dung, which can be used to create manure or fuel. In some regions, such as parts of India, cattle have significant religious significance. Cattle, mostly small breeds such as the Miniature Zebu, are also kept as pets. Different types of cattle are common to different geographic areas. Taurine cattle are found primarily in Europe and temperate areas of Asia, the Americas, and Australia. Zebus (also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Relapsing Fever
Relapsing fever is a vector-borne disease caused by infection with certain bacteria in the genus ''Borrelia'', which is transmitted through the bites of lice or soft-bodied ticks (genus ''Ornithodoros''). Signs and symptoms Most people who are infected develop sickness between 5 and 15 days after they are bitten. The symptoms may include a sudden fever, chills, headaches, muscle or joint aches, and nausea. A rash may also occur. These symptoms usually continue for 2 to 9 days, then disappear. This cycle may continue for several weeks if the person is not treated. Causes Louse-borne relapsing fever Along with ''Rickettsia prowazekii'' and ''Bartonella quintana'', ''Borrelia recurrentis'' is one of three pathogens of which the body louse (''Pediculus humanus humanus'') is a vector. Louse-borne relapsing fever is more severe than the tick-borne variety. Louse-borne relapsing fever occurs in epidemics amid poor living conditions, famine and war in the developing world. It is c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
