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Book Censorship In The Republic Of Ireland
Book censorship was carried out in several instances in Ireland between 1929 and 1998, with all remaining bans from that period having expired by 2010. However, the laws remained on the statute books and a book was banned again in 2016. Censorship was enacted by a 1929 act of the Irish Free State. History Following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922 a Committee on Evil Literature was appointed in 1926, reporting to the Department of Justice. The Censorship of Publications Acts of 1929 followed, and established the Censorship of Publications Board. Books could be banned that were considered to be indecent or obscene, as could newspapers whose content relied too much on crime, and works that promoted the "unnatural" prevention of conception or that advocated abortion.''Iris Oifigúil'', 14 May 1930 Ireland's culture at the time was strictly religious. Roman Catholicism —then the religion of 93% of the population — was the fundamental philosophy behind the censorship law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Book Censorship
Book censorship is the act of some authority taking measures to suppress ideas and information within a book. Censorship is "the regulation of free speech and other forms of entrenched authority". Censors typically identify as either a concerned parent, community members who react to a text without reading, or local or national organizations. Marshall University Library defines a ''banned book'' as one that is "removed from a library, classroom etc." and a ''challenged book'' as one that is "requested to be removed from a library, classroom etc." Books can be censored by burning, shelf removal, school censorship, and banning books. Books are most often censored for age appropriateness, offensive language, sexual content, amongst other reasons. Similarly, religions may issue lists of banned books, such as the historical example of the Roman Catholic Church's '' Index Librorum Prohibitorum'' and bans of such books as Salman Rushdie's ''The Satanic Verses'' by Ayatollah Khomeini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seán Ó Faoláin
Seán Proinsias Ó Faoláin (27 February 1900 – 20 April 1991) was one of the most influential figures in 20th-century Irish culture. A short-story writer of international repute, he was also a leading commentator and critic. Biography Ó Faoláin was born as John Francis Whelan in Cork City, County Cork, Ireland. He was educated at the Presentation Brothers Secondary School in Cork. He came under the influence of Daniel Corkery, joining the Cork Dramatic Society, and increasing his knowledge of the Irish language, which he had begun in school. Shortly after entering University College, Cork, he joined the Irish Volunteers. He fought in the Irish War of Independence. During the Irish Civil War he served as Censor for the ''Cork Examiner'' and as publicity director for the IRA. After the Republican loss, he received M.A. degrees from the National University of Ireland and from Harvard University where he studied for 3 years. He was a Commonwealth Fellow from 1926 to 1928; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Irish Times
''The Irish Times'' is an Irish daily broadsheet newspaper and online digital publication. It launched on 29 March 1859. The editor is Ruadhán Mac Cormaic. It is published every day except Sundays. ''The Irish Times'' is considered a newspaper of record for Ireland. Though formed as a Protestant nationalist paper, within two decades and under new owners it had become the voice of British unionism in Ireland. It is no longer a pro unionist paper; it presents itself politically as "liberal and progressive", as well as being centre-right on economic issues. The editorship of the newspaper from 1859 until 1986 was controlled by the Anglo-Irish Protestant minority, only gaining its first nominal Irish Catholic editor 127 years into its existence. The paper's most prominent columnists include writer and arts commentator Fintan O'Toole and satirist Miriam Lord. The late Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald was once a columnist. Senior international figures, including Tony Blair and Bill Cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedict Kiely
Benedict "Ben" Kiely (15 August 1919 – 9 February 2007) was an Irish writer and broadcaster from Omagh, County Tyrone. Early life Kiely was born near Dromore, County Tyrone and was a student at the Christian Brothers School in Omagh. In 1937, he went to County Laois to take up a Jesuit novitiate, but went down with a tubercular spinal complaint in 1938. Lacking by then a vocation to the priesthood, he went on to University College Dublin. In 1943, he graduated B.A. from the National University. Career In 1945, Kiely began working for the ''Irish Independent'', where he was employed as a journalist and critic. In 1950, now a father of four, he joined the ''Irish Press'' as a literary editor. In 1964, he moved to America, where he was a writer-in-residence at Emory University, visiting professor at the University of Oregon, and writer-in-residence at Hollins College (Virginia). He spent four years in those three different places. In 1968, he returned to Ireland after having ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brian Cleeve
Brian Brendon Talbot Cleeve (22 November 1921 – 11 March 2003) was a writer, whose published works include twenty-one novels and over a hundred short stories. He was also an award-winning broadcaster on RTÉ television. Son of an Irish father and English mother, he was born and raised in England. He lived in South Africa during the early years of National Party rule and was expelled from the country because of his opposition to apartheid. In his early thirties he moved to Ireland where he lived for the remainder of his life. In late middle age he underwent a profound spiritual experience, which led him to embrace mysticism. He developed a model for the spiritual life based on the principle of obedience to the will of God. Life and work Childhood Brian Cleeve was born in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, the second of three sons to Charles Edward Cleeve and his wife Josephine (née Talbot). Josephine was a native of Essex, where her family had lived for generations. Charles Cleeve, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sam Hanna Bell
Sam Hanna Bell (16 October 1909 – 9 February 1990) was a Scottish-born Northern Irish novelist, short story writer, playwright, and broadcaster. Bell was born in Glasgow to Ulster Scots parents. Following the sudden death of his father in 1918, he was brought at the age of seven to live near Raffery in the Strangford Lough area of County Down. He lived with his mother and two brothers in a cottage with no electricity or running water. This was the setting of his acclaimed novel of Ulster rural life, ''December Bride'' (1951). He moved to Belfast in 1921, where he worked at a variety of manual jobs before securing a post with the BBC in 1945. He was a co-founder of the left-leaning literary journal, ''Lagan'', in 1943. His first collection of short stories, ''Summer Loanen and other stories'', was published in 1943. His novels include ''December Bride'' (1951), ''The Hollow Ball'' (1961), ''A Man Flourishing'' (1973) and ''Across the Narrow Sea'' (1987). Bell was recruite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank O'Connor
Frank O'Connor (born Michael Francis O'Donovan; 17 September 1903 – 10 March 1966) was an Irish author and translator. He wrote poetry (original and translations from Irish), dramatic works, memoirs, journalistic columns and features on aspects of Irish culture and history, criticism, long and short fiction (novels and short stories), biography, and travel books, He is most widely known for his more than 150 short stories and for his memoirs. The Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award was named in his honour. Early life Raised in Cork, he was the only child of Minnie (née O'Connor) and Michael O'Donovan. He attended Saint Patrick’s School on Gardiner's Hill. One teacher, Daniel Corkery, introduced O'Connor's class to the Irish language and poetry and deeply influenced the young pupil. He later attended North Monastery Christian Brothers School. O'Connor's early life was marked by his father's alcoholism, debt, and ill-treatment of his mother. His childhood ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Macken
Walter Macken (3 May 1915 – 22 April 1967) (Irish Uaitéar Ó Maicín), was born in Galway, Ireland. He was a writer of short stories, novels and plays. Biography Walter Macken was originally an actor, principally with the Taibhdhearc (where he met his wife, Peggy) in Galway, and The Abbey Theatre in Dublin. He also played lead roles on Broadway in M. J. Molloy's ''The King of Friday's Men'' and his own play ''Home Is the Hero''. The success of his third book, ''Rain on the Wind'' (winner of the Literary Guild award in the USA), enabled him to focus his energies on writing. He also acted in films, notably in Arthur Dreifuss' adaptation of Brendan Behan's ''The Quare Fellow''. He is perhaps best known for his trilogy of Irish historical novels '' Seek the Fair Land'', '' The Silent People'' and '' The Scorching Wind''. His son Ultan Macken is a well-known journalist in the print and broadcast media of Ireland, and wrote a biography of his father, ''Walter Macken: Dreams on Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maura Laverty
Maura Laverty (née Kelly; 15 May 1907 – 26 July 1966) was an Irish novelist, playwright, journalist, broadcaster and cookery expert known for her work on the Irish television drama serial, ''Tolka Row''. She published several novels, short stories and critical pieces throughout her career. Life Family Maura Laverty was born Maura Kelly in Rathangan, County Kildare on 15 May 1907. She was educated at the Brigidine Convent in Tullow, County Carlow. She had intended to train to become a teacher, but she abandoned these plans after the death of her grandmother. She later moved to Spain in November 1924, taking up the position of governess and later secretary to Princess Bibesco and eventually becoming a foreign correspondent based within Madrid. Laverty returned to Ireland for the remainder of her career and worked as a journalist and broadcaster in Dublin for the national radio station, Radio Éireann. Upon her return to Ireland, she married the journalist James Laverty in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethel Lilian Voynich
Ethel Lilian Voynich, ''née'' Boole (11 May 1864 – 27 July 1960) was an Irish-born British novelist and musician, and a supporter of several revolutionary causes. She was born in Cork (city), Cork, but grew up in Lancashire, England. Voynich was a significant figure, not only on the late Victorian literature, Victorian literary scene, but also in Russian émigré circles. She is best known for her novel ''The Gadfly'', which became hugely popular in her lifetime, especially in Russia. Biography Ethel Lilian Boole was born on 11 May 1864, at Lichfield Cottage, Blackrock, Cork, Blackrock, Ballintemple, Cork, the youngest daughter of English parents, mathematician George Boole (father of Boolean logic), and mathematician and educationalist Mary Everest Boole, Mary Everest, who was the niece of George Everest and a writer for ''Crank'', an early-20th-century periodical. Her father died six months after she was born. Her mother returned to her native England with her daughters, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Gadfly
''The Gadfly'' is a novel by Irish-born British writer Ethel Voynich, published in 1897 (United States, June; Great Britain, September of the same year), set in 1840s Italy under the dominance of Austria, a time of tumultuous revolt and uprisings. The story centres on the life of the protagonist, Arthur Burton. A thread of a tragic relationship between Arthur and his love, Gemma, simultaneously runs through the story. It is a tale of faith, disillusionment, revolution, romance, and heroism. Themes The book, set during the Italian ''Risorgimento'', is primarily concerned with the culture of revolution and revolutionaries. Arthur, the eponymous Gadfly, embodies the tragic Romantic hero, who comes of age and returns from abandonment to discover his true state in the world and fight against the injustices of the current one. The landscape of Italy, in particular the Alps, is a pervading focus of the book, with its often lush descriptions of scenery conveying the thoughts and mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eric Cross (writer)
Eric Cross (1903/1905 – 5 September 1980)''The Irish Times'' (Saturday, September 6, 1980) was an Irish writer and broadcaster. Early life and family Eric Cross was born in Newry, County Down in 1903 or 1905. His father was a British civil servant, James Cross. Cross was an only child, though his ''Irish Times'' obituary stated that he was survived by a sister. He stated in 1976 that he had no memory of County Down and very few memories of his father. He recalled his childhood with his mother, and that she had been a nurse in South Africa. Cross attended numerous schools in northern England from age 10. He entered Manchester University where he studied medicine for 6 months before transferring to study chemistry in London. Career After Cross graduated, he authored a chemistry textbook, and worked in biochemical industry for 15 years. The writer Benedict Kiely alleged that Cross was working on projects related to chemical warfare, and decided to leave to become a writer. C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
