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Bonaventura Da Siena
Bonaventure of Siena ( it, Bonaventura da Siena) was a Tuscan scribe and translator who worked at the court of Alfonso X of Castile in the 1260s, when Alfonso was claiming the Holy Roman Empire. His most famous work is a translation of the ''Book of Muhammad's Ladder'' into Latin and Old French, French. Life Nothing is known of Bonaventure's family or of his biography before he arrived at the court of Alfonso X in Seville. He arrived after 1257 imperial election, Alfonso's election as Holy Roman emperor, along with may other expatriates from the Ghibelline city of Siena. The earliest reference to him is from 1264, when he was a "notary and scribe of the lord king". On 10 May 1266, on Alfonso X's instruction, he drew up the act by which the ''infante'' Fernando de la Cerda (1255–1275), Fernando de la Cerda named the men who would represent him at his proxy marriage to Blanche of France, Infanta of Castile, Blanche, daughter of Louis IX of France. On 18 January 1284, Peter III of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonaventura Da Siena
Bonaventure of Siena ( it, Bonaventura da Siena) was a Tuscan scribe and translator who worked at the court of Alfonso X of Castile in the 1260s, when Alfonso was claiming the Holy Roman Empire. His most famous work is a translation of the ''Book of Muhammad's Ladder'' into Latin and Old French, French. Life Nothing is known of Bonaventure's family or of his biography before he arrived at the court of Alfonso X in Seville. He arrived after 1257 imperial election, Alfonso's election as Holy Roman emperor, along with may other expatriates from the Ghibelline city of Siena. The earliest reference to him is from 1264, when he was a "notary and scribe of the lord king". On 10 May 1266, on Alfonso X's instruction, he drew up the act by which the ''infante'' Fernando de la Cerda (1255–1275), Fernando de la Cerda named the men who would represent him at his proxy marriage to Blanche of France, Infanta of Castile, Blanche, daughter of Louis IX of France. On 18 January 1284, Peter III of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Martínez (bishop Of Cádiz)
Juan Martínez may refer to: Arts and entertainment *Juan Martínez Montañés (1568–1649), sculptor of the Spanish Golden Age *Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y Aguilar (1583–1641), poet and painter of the Spanish Golden Age *Juan Martínez Abades (1862–1920), Spanish painter * (1901–1976), Chilean architect * Juan Luis Martínez (1942–1993), Chilean poet and writer Law and politics *Juan Martínez de Ampiés (died 1533), Spanish army officer, first governor of Venezuela Province *Juan Martínez de Rozas (1759–1813), Chilean lawyer and politician * Juan Antonio Martínez (died 1854), interim President of Guatemala *Juan Ramón Martínez (politician) (born 1941), Honduran newspaper columnist and politician * Juan Manuel Martínez Nava (born 1954), Mexican politician *Juan Antonio Martínez Varela (Minister of Defense of El Salvador) (fl. 1999–2004), Salvadoran defense minister Religion * Juan Martínez (bishop of Lugo) (), Galician clergyman *Juan Martínez Silíceo (1486 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Translators
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 ( MCCI) through December 31, 1300 ( MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258), the destruction of the House of Wisdom and the weakening of the Mamluks and Rums which, according to historians, caused the decline of the Islamic Golden Age. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The Southern Song dynasty would begin the century as a prosperous kingdom but would eventually be invaded and annexed into the Yuan dynasty of the Mongols. The Kamakura Shogunate of Japan would be invaded by the Mongols. Goryeo resist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Italian Writers
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 ( MCCI) through December 31, 1300 ( MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258), the destruction of the House of Wisdom and the weakening of the Mamluks and Rums which, according to historians, caused the decline of the Islamic Golden Age. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The Southern Song dynasty would begin the century as a prosperous kingdom but would eventually be invaded and annexed into the Yuan dynasty of the Mongols. The Kamakura Shogunate of Japan would be invaded by the Mongols. Goryeo resis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Writers From Siena
A writer is a person who uses written words in different writing styles and techniques to communicate ideas. Writers produce different forms of literary art and creative writing such as novels, short stories, books, poetry, travelogues, plays, screenplays, teleplays, songs, and essays as well as other reports and news articles that may be of interest to the general public. Writers' texts are published across a wide range of media. Skilled writers who are able to use language to express ideas well, often contribute significantly to the cultural content of a society. The term "writer" is also used elsewhere in the arts and music, such as songwriter or a screenwriter, but also a stand-alone "writer" typically refers to the creation of written language. Some writers work from an oral tradition. Writers can produce material across a number of genres, fictional or non-fictional. Other writers use multiple media such as graphics or illustration to enhance the communication of thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provence
Provence (, , , , ; oc, Provença or ''Prouvènço'' , ) is a geographical region and historical province of southeastern France, which extends from the left bank of the lower Rhône to the west to the Italian border to the east; it is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It largely corresponds with the modern administrative region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and includes the departments of Var, Bouches-du-Rhône, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, as well as parts of Alpes-Maritimes and Vaucluse.''Le Petit Robert, Dictionnaire Universel des Noms Propres'' (1988). The largest city of the region and its modern-day capital is Marseille. The Romans made the region the first Roman province beyond the Alps and called it ''Provincia Romana'', which evolved into the present name. Until 1481 it was ruled by the Counts of Provence from their capital in Aix-en-Provence, then became a province of the Kings of France. While it has been part of France for more than 500 years, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arabs, Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard Prestige (sociolinguistics), prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as First language, mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Spanish
Old Spanish, also known as Old Castilian ( es, castellano antiguo; osp, romance castellano ), or Medieval Spanish ( es, español medieval), was originally a dialect of Vulgar Latin spoken in the former provinces of the Roman Empire that provided the root for the early form of the Spanish language that was spoken on the Iberian Peninsula from the 10th century until roughly the beginning of the 15th century, before a ''consonantal readjustment'' gave rise to the evolution of modern Spanish. The poem ('The Poem of the Cid'), published around 1200, is the best known and most extensive work of literature in Old Spanish. Phonology The phonological system of Old Spanish was quite similar to that of other medieval Romance languages. Sibilants Among the consonants, there were seven sibilants, including three sets of voiceless/voiced pairs: *Voiceless alveolar affricate : represented by before , , , and by before or *Voiced alveolar affricate : represented by *Voiceless apicoa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Of Toledo
Abraham of Toledo (–1294), also known as Abraham Alfaquín and Abraham ibn Waqar, was an Iberian Jewish physician and translator of the Toledo School of Translators. Life Abraham's birthplace is unknown, but was probably either Toledo or Burgos. His surname is also uncertain. "Ibn Shoshan" has been proposed, but it appears that he was a younger brother of Isaac ibn Waqar, the physician of Juan Manuel. Abraham served as personal physician to Alfonso X of Castile and his son Sancho IV of Castile, under whose patronage he translated numerous books from Arabic into Castilian. Together with five other prominent court Jews, he was kidnapped and held hostage from 1270 to 1275 by rebellious nobles demanding the elimination of taxes. Works Abraham translated in 1263 the ''Kitab al-Miraj'' ('The Book of Muhammad's Ladder'), an account of the ''Mi'raj'', into Castilian under the title '' La escala de Mahoma''. His Castilian translation was in turn translated into French by Bonaventure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Familia Regis
In the Middle Ages, a ''familiaris'' (plural ''familiares''), more formally a ''familiaris regis'' ("familiar of the king") or ''familiaris curiae''In medieval documents, ''curiae'' may also be spelled ''curiæ'' or ''curie''. ("of the court"), was, in the words of the historian W. L. Warren, "an intimate, a familiar resident or visitor in the oyalhousehold, a member of the ''familia'', that wider family which embraces servants, confidents, and close associates." Warren adds that the term "defies adequate translation", but is distinct from courtier, "for the king employed his ''familiares'' on a variety of administrative tasks." The ''familiares'' of a king are collectively referred to as the ''familia regis'', which evolved into a private royal council—in England during the reign of Henry III (1216–72) and in France during that of Philip V (1316–22). In England, it was known as the ''concilium familiare'' or ''concilium privatum'' ( Privy Council) and in France as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latino Malabranca Orsini
Latino Malabranca Orsini (b. at Rome, year unknown – d. 10 August 1294, Perugia) was a Roman noble, an Italian cardinal of the Holy Roman Church, and nephew of Pope Nicholas III. Early life Latino was son of Roman senator Angelo Malabranca and Mabilia Orsini, the daughter of Matteo Rosso Orsini 'Il Grande'. Mabilia was therefore sister of Giovanni Gaetano Orsini (Pope Nicholas III), Cardinal Giordano Orsini (died 1287), and eight other siblings. The Malabranca family were once said to be a branch of the Frangipani, but this hypothesis has been contradicted. His uncle, Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, a Roman, Cardinal Deacon of S. Niccolo in Carcere, was created a cardinal by Pope Innocent IV (Fieschi) on Saturday, May 28, 1244. Education Latinus studied at the University of Paris, and became ''Doctor in utroque iure''. He obtained the title ''Magister'' in theology. He entered the Order of Preachers in his youth, at Santa Sabina, in the reign of Pope Alexander IV (1254-1261). It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
