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Boletopsis Nothofagi
''Boletopsis nothofagi'' is a fungus in the family Bankeraceae. The fungus forms grey fruit bodies that grow in clusters. Like all species of ''Boletopsis'', it has a porous spore-bearing surface on the underside of the cap, but differs from other species of ''Boletopsis'' by having characteristics such as elongated spores and a green discoloration when stained with potassium hydroxide. '' Boletopsis nothofagi'' is endemic to New Zealand and has a mycorrhizal association with red beech (''Nothofagus fusca''). It is unknown when exactly the fungus forms its fruit body, but it has so far been found solely in May, during autumn in the Southern Hemisphere. The first description of ''B. nothofagi'' was published in 2012 by Jerry A. Cooper and Patrick Leonard. DNA studies of the fungus suggest that it is a somewhat basal member of the genus ''Boletopsis''. The fungus is most likely a native species of New Zealand and was present there before the arrival of Europeans. As it is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungus
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Threatened Species
Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensation'', a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment. IUCN definition The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is the foremost authority on threatened species, and treats threatened species not as a single category, but as a group of three categories, depending on the degree to which they are threatened: *Vulnerable species *Endangered species * Critically endangered species Less-than-threatened categories are near threatened, least concern, and the no longer assigned category of conservation dependent. Species which have not been evaluated (NE), or do not have sufficient data ( data deficient) also are not considered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypha
A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one or more cells surrounded by a tubular cell wall. In most fungi, hyphae are divided into cells by internal cross-walls called "septa" (singular septum). Septa are usually perforated by pores large enough for ribosomes, mitochondria, and sometimes nuclei to flow between cells. The major structural polymer in fungal cell walls is typically chitin, in contrast to plants and oomycetes that have cellulosic cell walls. Some fungi have aseptate hyphae, meaning their hyphae are not partitioned by septa. Hyphae have an average diameter of 4–6 µm. Growth Hyphae grow at their tips. During tip growth, cell walls are extended by the external assembly and polymerization of cell wall components, and the internal production of new cell membrane. The S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symbiont
Symbiosis (from Greek , , "living together", from , , "together", and , bíōsis, "living") is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic. The organisms, each termed a symbiont, must be of different species. In 1879, Heinrich Anton de Bary defined it as "the living together of unlike organisms". The term was subject to a century-long debate about whether it should specifically denote mutualism, as in lichens. Biologists have now abandoned that restriction. Symbiosis can be obligatory, which means that one or more of the symbionts depend on each other for survival, or facultative (optional), when they can generally live independently. Symbiosis is also classified by physical attachment. When symbionts form a single body it is called conjunctive symbiosis, while all other arrangements are called disjunctive symbiosis."symbiosis." Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanical Name
A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the '' International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN) and, if it concerns a plant cultigen, the additional cultivar or Group epithets must conform to the ''International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants'' (ICNCP). The code of nomenclature covers "all organisms traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants, whether fossil or non-fossil, including blue-green algae ( Cyanobacteria), chytrids, oomycetes, slime moulds and photosynthetic protists with their taxonomically related non-photosynthetic groups (but excluding Microsporidia)." The purpose of a formal name is to have a single name that is accepted and used worldwide for a particular plant or plant group. For example, the botanical name ''Bellis perennis'' denotes a plant species which is native to most of the countries of Europe and the Middle East, where it has accumulated various names in many languages. Later, the plant was intro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans, including as a source for tinder, traditional medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist. Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases, and the two disciplines remain closely related because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. Overview Historically, mycology was a branch of botany because, although fungi are evolutionarily more closely related to animals than to plants, this was not recognized until a few decades ago. Pioneer mycologists included Elias Magnus Fries, Christian Hendrik Persoon, Anton de Bary, Elizabeth Eaton Morse, and Lewis David von Schweinitz. Beatrix Potter, author of ''The Tale of Peter Rabbit'', also made significant contributions to the fiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphology (biology)
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, colour, pattern, size), i.e. external morphology (or eidonomy), as well as the form and structure of the internal parts like bones and organs, i.e. internal morphology (or anatomy). This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of gross structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts. History The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "form", and (), meaning "word, study, research". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Friedrich Burdach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ōrongorongo River
The Ōrongorongo River runs for southwest through the Ōrongorongo Valley in the southern Remutaka Ranges of the North Island of New Zealand. The river and its associated catchments lie within the bounds of the Remutaka Forest Park, which is administered by the Department of Conservation. The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of Rongorongo" woman's namefor ''Ōrongorongo''. Ōrongorongo River is the main artery of the Remutaka Range, draining an area with rainfall of up to a year, which is twice as much as the rainfall at the mouth of the river at Cook Strait. For much of its course the river is a braided river, with a wide bed of greywacke shingle and gravel and a number of streams of water. The gravel bed can be seen as light-coloured areas of varying width in the adjacent image. Because the rainfall in the Remutaka Range often comes in high-intensity rainstorms, the river is prone to violent floods. The most severe of these fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boletopsis Grisea
''Boletopsis grisea'' is a species of fungus in the family Bankeraceae. The fruit bodies are gray, fleshy polypores that grow on the ground in a mycorrhizal association with Scots pine (''Pinus sylvestris''). It is found in Asia, North America, and Europe. Taxonomy The fungus was first described in 1874 as a species of '' Polyporus'' by American mycologist Charles Horton Peck in 1874, who made the type collection in Copake, New York. Appollinaris Semenovich Bondartsev and Rolf Singer transferred it to '' Boletopsis'' in 1941. Description The fruit body is a fleshy polypore that grows from the ground. The gray cap is convex and irregular with a dry surface. Underneath the cap are white pores. The stout stipe is the same colour as the cap. Distribution and habitat ''Boletopsis grisea'' is found in Europe, and in both Canada and the United States, growing on nutrient-poor acidic soils. It has a mycorrhizal association with Scots pine (''Pinus sylvestris''), as well as lichens a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boletopsis Subquamosa
''Boletopsis'' is a genus of mycorrhizal fungi in the family Bankeraceae. The genus was circumscribed by Swiss mycologist Victor Fayod in 1889, with ''Boletopsis leucomelaena'' as the type species. Species * '' Boletopsis atrata'' Ryvarden 1982 – Thailand * ''Boletopsis grisea'' (Peck) Bondartsev & Singer 1941 * ''Boletopsis leucomelaena'' (Pers.) Fayod 1889 – Europe * ''Boletopsis nothofagi ''Boletopsis nothofagi'' is a fungus in the family Bankeraceae. The fungus forms grey fruit bodies that grow in clusters. Like all species of ''Boletopsis'', it has a porous spore-bearing surface on the underside of the cap, but differs from ot ...'' J.A.Cooper & P.Leonard 2012 – New Zealand * '' Boletopsis perplexa'' Watling & J.Milne 2006 – Scotland * '' Boletopsis singaporensis'' Pat. & C.F.Baker 1918 – Singapore * '' Boletopsis smithii'' K.A.Harrison 1975 – United States * '' Boletopsis staudtii'' Henn. 1898 * '' Boletopsis subsquamosa'' (L.) Kotl. & Pouzar 1957 (edi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boletopsis Perplexa
''Boletopsis'' is a genus of mycorrhizal fungi in the family Bankeraceae. The genus was circumscribed by Swiss mycologist Victor Fayod in 1889, with ''Boletopsis leucomelaena'' as the type species. Species * '' Boletopsis atrata'' Ryvarden 1982 – Thailand * ''Boletopsis grisea'' (Peck) Bondartsev & Singer 1941 * ''Boletopsis leucomelaena'' (Pers.) Fayod 1889 – Europe * ''Boletopsis nothofagi ''Boletopsis nothofagi'' is a fungus in the family Bankeraceae. The fungus forms grey fruit bodies that grow in clusters. Like all species of ''Boletopsis'', it has a porous spore-bearing surface on the underside of the cap, but differs from ot ...'' J.A.Cooper & P.Leonard 2012 – New Zealand * '' Boletopsis perplexa'' Watling & J.Milne 2006 – Scotland * '' Boletopsis singaporensis'' Pat. & C.F.Baker 1918 – Singapore * '' Boletopsis smithii'' K.A.Harrison 1975 – United States * '' Boletopsis staudtii'' Henn. 1898 * '' Boletopsis subsquamosa'' (L.) Kotl. & Pouzar 1957 (edi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boletopsis Leucomelaena
''Boletopsis leucomelaena'' is a species of hydnoid fungus in the family Bankeraceae. It was originally described in 1801 as ''Boletus leucomelas'' by Christian Hendrik Persoon. Swiss mycologist Victor Fayod transferred it to '' Boletopsis'' in 1889. The fungus is listed as a priority species in the United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan. ''B. leucomelaena'' is found in the Pacific Northwest The Pacific Northwest (sometimes Cascadia, or simply abbreviated as PNW) is a geographic region in western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east. Though ... region of North America, in Japan, and throughout Europe, although it is less common than the lookalike '' B. grisea''. References External links {{Taxonbar, from=Q10508078 Fungi described in 1801 Fungi of Europe Fungi of North America Fungi of Japan Thelephorales Taxa named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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