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Black April
The Fall of Saigon, also known as the Liberation of Saigon by North Vietnamese or Liberation of the South by the Vietnamese government, and known as Black April by anti-communist overseas Vietnamese was the capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam (Viet Cong) on 30 April 1975. The event marked the end of the Vietnam War and the start of a transition period from the formal reunification of Vietnam into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The PAVN, under the command of General Văn Tiến Dũng, began their final attack on Saigon on 29 April 1975, with the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) forces commanded by General Nguyễn Văn Toàn suffering a heavy artillery bombardment. By the afternoon of the next day, the PAVN and the Viet Cong had occupied the important points of the city and raised their flag over the South Vietnamese presidential palace. The capture of the city was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1975 Spring Offensive
The 1975 spring offensive ( vi, chiến dịch mùa Xuân 1975), officially known as the general offensive and uprising of spring 1975 ( vi, Tổng tiến công và nổi dậy mùa Xuân 1975) was the final North Vietnamese campaign in the Vietnam War that led to the capitulation of Republic of Vietnam. After the initial success capturing Phước Long Province, the North Vietnamese leadership increased the scope of the People's Army of Vietnam's (PAVN) offensive and captured and held the key Central Highlands city of Buôn Ma Thuột between 10 and 18 March. These operations were intended to be preparatory to launching a general offensive in 1976. Following the attack on Buôn Ma Thuôt, the Republic of Vietnam realized they were no longer able to defend the entire country and ordered a strategic withdrawal from the Central Highlands. The retreat from the Central Highlands, however, was a debacle as civilian refugees fled under fire with soldiers, mostly along a single hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Võ Nguyên Giáp
Võ Nguyên Giáp (; 25 August 1911 – 4 October 2013) was a Vietnamese general and communist politician who is regarded as having been one of the greatest military strategists of the 20th century. He served as interior minister in President Hồ Chí Minh's Việt Minh government, the military commander of the Việt Minh, the commander of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), minister of defence, and deputy prime minister. He also served as a member of the Politburo of the Vietnam Workers' Party, which in 1976 became the Communist Party of Vietnam. Giáp first rose to prominence during World War II, when he served as the military leader of the Viet Minh resistance against the Japanese occupation of Vietnam. He had no direct military training and was a history teacher at a French-speaking academy, influenced by historical military leaders and personally citing T. E. Lawrence and Napoleon as his two greatest influences. He later earned the moniker "Red Napoleon" from some Wester ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-communist
Anti-communism is Political movement, political and Ideology, ideological opposition to communism. Organized anti-communism developed after the 1917 October Revolution in the Russian Empire, and it reached global dimensions during the Cold War, when the United States and the Soviet Union engaged in an intense rivalry. Anti-communism has been an element of movements which hold many different political positions, including conservatism, fascism, liberalism, nationalism, social democracy, libertarianism, or the anti-Stalinist left. Anti-communism has also been expressed in #Objectivists, philosophy, by #Religions, several religious groups, and in #Literature, literature. Some well-known proponents of anti-communism are #Former communists, former communists. Anti-communism has also been prominent among movements #Evasion of censorship, resisting communist governance. The first organization which was specifically dedicated to opposing communism was the Russian White movement which foug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lý Tòng Bá
Lý Tòng Bá (14 November 1931, in Long Xuyên – 22 February 2015, in Las Vegas, Nevada) was a brigadier general of the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam. He led operations including Operation Lam Son II. In the September 1964 South Vietnamese coup attempt as head of the 7th Division's armored section he supported General Dương Văn Đức Lieutenant General Dương Văn Đức (1927–2000) was a Vietnamese army officer. He is best known for leading a coup attempt against General Nguyễn Khánh on 14 September 1964. He was a supporter of the Đại Việt Quốc Dân Đảng (DV ...'s coup attempt. During the Easter Offensive in 1972, he commanded the 23rd Division and successfully defended Kontum against the North Vietnamese attack. References 1931 births 2015 deaths Vietnam War prisoners of war Army of the Republic of Vietnam generals Vietnamese emigrants to the United States {{Vietnam-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lâm Văn Phát
Major General Lâm Văn Phát (1920 – 30 October 1998) was a Vietnamese army officer. He is best known for leading two '' coup'' attempts against General Nguyễn Khánh in September 1964 and February 1965. Although both failed to result in his taking power, the latter caused enough instability that it forced Khánh to resign and go into exile. A member of the Roman Catholic minority, Phát joined the French-backed Vietnamese National Army which became the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) after the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) was established. After having been sent to the U.S. for further training in 1958, Phát returned home to head the Civil Guard, a paramilitary force then mostly used to protect the ruling family of President Ngô Đình Diệm, rather than to counteract the communist Việt Cộng insurgency. Later commanding the 2nd Division, he was known for his loyalty to Diệm, who favored fellow Catholics. In 1963, Diệm knew some of the generals wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Nguyên Vỹ
Brigadier General Lê Nguyên Vỹ (22 August 1933, Sơn Tây, Tonkin, French Indochina—30 April 1975, Saigon, Republic of Vietnam) was an officer in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. Education In 1951, he graduated from the officers candidate course in the Regional Military School, Military Region II at Phu Bai near Huế. Military service He was the commander of 5th Infantry Division at Lai Khe. He was born in Sơn Tây province, North Vietnam. As a deputy Commander of the 5th Infantry, He fought fiercely during the siege of Battle of An Lộc and later was promoted to the CO of the division. On April 30, 1975, after receiving the order to surrender after the communist North Vietnamese and Việt Cộng captured Saigon, he committed suicide at 11:00 AM, at the division headquarters in Lai Khe Lai or LAI may refer to: Abbreviations * Austrian Latin America Institute (Österreichisches Lateinamerika-Institut) * ''Latin American Idol'', TV series * La Trobe Instit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Phước Vĩnh Lộc
Nguyễn Phước Vĩnh Lộc (October 23, 1923 – January 8, 2009) was a Lieutenant General of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) during the Vietnam War. He was born in Huế on October 23, 1923 when the city was a part of the French protectorate of Annam, French Indochina. He was also a cousin of the emperor Bảo Đại, the last Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty. During the Vietnam War, Vinh Loc served as the commander of II Corps of ARVN, which oversaw the central highlands region or Tây Nguyên from 23 June 1965 until 28 February 1968, replacing Major General Nguyễn Hữu Có. Vinh Loc was eventually replaced by Lieutenant General Lữ Mộng Lan, as a result of his failure in the Tet Offensive. The demise of Vinh Loc was a victory for both President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu and COMUSMACV General William Westmoreland. He had ruled the Central Highlands as a personal fief since 1965 and was the last of the old, independent general-warlords who had habitually defied ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Hữu Hạnh
Nguyễn Hữu Hạnh (July 26, 1926 – September 29, 2019) was a Vietnamese military officer of South Vietnam during the Vietnam War, rising to the rank of Brigadier General. He was also a sympathizer of the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam (NLF), and worked as in intelligence officer for the NLF. Hạnh played an important role in the NLF 1975 offensive to Saigon when he used his authority and influence to facilitate the bloodless surrender of the South Vietnam government. Hạnh's contribution to the NLF was recognized by the unified Socialist Republic of Vietnam and he was considered as a patriotic figure in the unified Vietnam. Nguyễn Hữu Hạnh is the main character of the historical novel ''The Brigadier General'' of Nguyễn Trần Thiết. Childhood Nguyễn Hữu Hạnh was born on 26 July 1926 at Phú Phong, Châu Thành, Mỹ Tho province (now belong to Tiền Giang province), from a wealthy farmer family. His grandfather, Nguyễn Quang Phát, was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vũ Văn Mẫu
Vũ Văn Mẫu (25 July 1914 – 20 August 1998) was a South Vietnamese diplomat and politician, who was the last Prime Minister of South Vietnam, serving under President Dương Văn Minh's leadership. Early life and career Vũ Văn Mẫu was born in 1914 in Hanoi, Tonkin, French Indochina. He earned a doctorate in law from the University of Paris and practiced law in Hanoi. After Vietnam’s partition in 1954, he moved to Saigon with his family and joined the Faculty of Law at the University of Saigon, where he became the Dean of the Faculty. He was recognized as an expert in civil and historical law. After several years as a professor he then became a local Saigon judge, rising through the ranks to become Judge of the Saigon Superior Court. During his legal career and even during retirement and exile, he authored a number of books, including one entitled ''Vietnamese Civil Law''. Political career After carrying out the referendum of South Vietnam in 1955, deposing the Head ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dương Văn Minh
Dương Văn Minh (; 16 February 19166 August 2001), popularly known as Big Minh, was a South Vietnamese politician and a senior general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and a politician during the presidency of Ngô Đình Diệm. In 1963, he became chief of a military junta after leading a coup in which Diệm was assassinated. Minh lasted only three months before being toppled by Nguyễn Khánh, but assumed power again as the fourth and last President of South Vietnam in April 1975, two days before surrendering to North Vietnamese forces. He earned his nickname "Big Minh", because at approximately 1.83 m (6 ft) tall and weighing 90 kg (198 lb), he was much larger than the average Vietnamese. Born in Tiền Giang province in the Mekong Delta region of southern Vietnam, Minh joined the French Army at the start of World War II, and was captured and tortured by the Imperial Japanese, who invaded and seized French Indochina. After his release ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Trọng Tấn
General Lê Trọng Tấn (3 October 1914 – 5 December 1986) was an officer of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) during 1945 to 1986. During this period of his military career, Lê Trọng Tấn held several senior positions of the Army. Lê Trọng Tấn participated in the Viet Minh movement before the August Revolution in 1945 and gradually became one of the most important figures of the Vietnam People's Army during the Second Indochina War. Being one of the key figures of the North Vietnam armed forces in Vietnam War, Lê Trọng Tấn was Deputy Commander of the Viet Cong (VC) and second commander of the 1975 Spring Offensive that effectively ended the war. Afterwards, he became Chief of the General Staff (Vietnam), General Staff and Ministry of Defence of Vietnam, Deputy Minister of Defence of Vietnam until his death in December 1986. Lê Trọng Tấn was widely appreciated by his comrades, whom of which include general Võ Nguyên Giáp, as one of the finest commande ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Hữu An
Nguyễn Hữu An (October 1, 1926 – April 9, 1995) was a general in the People's Army of Vietnam. Overview Nguyễn Hữu An was born in the Truong Yen Commune of the Hoa Lư District, Ninh Bình, Vietnam. He joined the People's Army of Vietnam in September 1945. First Indochina War In the First Indochina War, An took part in several decisive battles. He participated in the battles of Bong Lau Pass and Lung Phay in 1949. The following year he took part in the Border Campaign, he was commander of 251st Battalion, a battalion of 174th Regiment (''CAA Bac Lang'') at the Battle of Đông Khê. He successively held titles of battalion commander, regiment deputy commander participating in actions at Bình Liêu, Vĩnh Phúc, and Mộc Châu. In the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, he commanded 174th Regiment of the 316th Division, and three times attacked Hill A1 (Éliane 2). On 7 May 1954 his regiment finally overcame French defences on A1 and this marked one of the final actio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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