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Bismarckburg, Togo
Bismarckburg was a colonial station in the German colony of Togo. It was named after the founder of the German empire, Otto von Bismarck. History The station was founded in June 1888 by the explorer Ludwig Wolf. It was one of the first permanently inhabited European stations in the interior of West Africa and was located on the 750 meter high Adadoberg. In the years 1889–90 the station was headed by Erich Kling and was the starting point for several expeditions to explore the hinterland and to expand German influence in the area. Kling and his successor Richard Büttner Oskar Alexander Richard Büttner (28 September 1858 – 1927) was a German botanist and mineralogist who was involved in the exploration of the Congo Basin. Life Büttner was born in Brandenburg on 28 September 1858. He studied in Berlin, where h ... had a palisade fence built for fortification. At that time, the station consisted of nine adobe buildings arranged in a rectangle. The built-up area was . The s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Von Bismarck
Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (, ; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman and diplomat. From his origins in the upper class of Junker landowners, Bismarck rose rapidly in Prussian politics, and from 1862 to 1890 he was the Minister President of Prussia, minister president and List of foreign ministers of Prussia, foreign minister of Prussia. Before his rise to the Executive (government), executive, he was the Prussian ambassador to Russian Empire, Russia and Second French Empire, France and served in both houses of the Landtag of Prussia, Prussian Parliament. He masterminded the unification of Germany in 1871 and served as the first Chancellor of Germany#Under the Emperor (1871–1918), Chancellor of the German Empire until 1890, in which capacity he dominated European affairs. He had served as the chancellor of the North German Confederation from 1867 to 1871, alon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Wolf
Heinrich Ludwig Wolf (29 January 1850 – 26 June 1889) was a German doctor and anthropologist. Early years Heinrich Ludwig Wolf was born on 29 January 1850 in Hagen, Osnabrück, Germany. He studied Medicine at the University of Greifswald and the University of Würzburg. He completed his studies in 1874 with a state examination and doctorate. He initially worked as ship's doctor at Norddeutscher Lloyd (North German Lloyd) until 1878. Between 1876 and 1878 he made several trips to North and South America as a ship's doctor. In 1879 he joined the Royal Saxon Army as a military doctor and was promoted to medical officer. In Leipzig and North America he completed training in ophthalmology. Congo expedition As a doctor and anthropologist, he joined the Congo expedition of Hermann Wissmann for the International African Association. He left Europe of 16 November 1883. Wolf made independent research trips during the expedition, including to the land of the Bakuba people. After Wiss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Büttner
Oskar Alexander Richard Büttner (28 September 1858 – 1927) was a German botanist and mineralogist who was involved in the exploration of the Congo Basin. Life Büttner was born in Brandenburg on 28 September 1858. He studied in Berlin, where he received his doctorate in 1883 with his dissertation ''Flora advena marchica''. He was a scientific participant in the German Congo Expedition of the African Society in Germany (1884–1886), which, under the direction of Eduard Schulze, was to serve the "exploration of the southern Congo Basin". It penetrated into areas unexplored from a European point of view. In 1890 he wrote ''Reisen im Kongolande'' about his travels. In 1890–1891 he was in charge of a research station in Bismarckburg, Togo. The station had been founded in June 1888 by the explorer Ludwig Wolf and named after the German chancellor Otto von Bismarck. At that time, the station consisted of nine adobe buildings arranged in a rectangle. Büttner had a palisade fence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cola (plant)
''Cola'' is a genus of trees native to the tropical forests of Africa, classified in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Sterculioideae (previously in the separate family Sterculiaceae). Species in this genus are sometimes referred to as kola tree or kola nut for the caffeine-containing fruit produced by the trees that is often used as a flavoring ingredient in beverages. The genus was thought to be closely related to the South American genus ''Theobroma'', or cocoa, but the latter is now placed in a different subfamily. They are evergreen trees, growing up to 20 m tall (about 60 feet), with glossy ovoid leaves up to 30 cm long and star-shaped fruit. Origin and distribution ''Cola'' is a genus of the Family Malvaceae with approximately 100 to 125 species occurring in the evergreen lowland and montane forest of continental (primarily tropical) Africa. The earliest known evidence of ''Cola'' is ''Cola amharaensis'', a well-preserved fossil leaf compression from the late Oligocen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coffee
Coffee is a drink prepared from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulant, stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It is the most popular hot drink in the world. Seeds of the ''Coffea'' plant's fruits are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are Coffee roasting, roasted and then ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often used to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a History of coffee, long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesko Von Puttkamer
Jesko Albert Eugen von Puttkamer (2 July 1855 in Berlin – 23 July 1917 in Berlin) was a German colonial military chief, and nine times governor of Kamerun: *13 May 1887 – 4 October 1887 *14 August 1890 – 2 December 1890 *31 December 1894 – 27 March 1895 *5 May 1895 – 26 October 1895 *11 September 1897 – 12 January 1898 *14 October 1898 – 17 January 1900 *16 November 1900 – 3 February 1902 *2 October 1902 – 9 May 1904 *31 January 1905 – January 1906. He has left a splendid residential manor in Buea, Cameroon. See also *Colonial heads of German Cameroon Kamerun was an African colony of the German Empire from 1884 to 1916 in the region of today's Republic of Cameroon. Kamerun also included northern parts of Gabon and the Congo with western parts of the Central African Republic, southwestern p ... External links * 1855 births 1917 deaths German colonial people in Kamerun Military personnel from Berlin People from the Province of Brandenbu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gold Coast (British Colony)
The Gold Coast was a British Crown colony on the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa from 1821 until its independence in 1957 as Ghana. The term Gold Coast is also often used to describe all of the four separate jurisdictions that were under the administration of the Governor of the Gold Coast. These were the Gold Coast itself, Ashanti, the Northern Territories Protectorate and the British Togoland trust territory. The first European explorers To arrive at the coast were the Portuguese in 1471. They encountered a variety of African kingdoms, some of which controlled substantial deposits of gold in the soil. In 1483, the Portuguese came to the continent for increased trade. They built the Castle of Elmina, the first European settlement on the Gold Coast. From here they acquired slaves and gold in trade for European goods, such as metal knives, beads, mirrors, rum, and guns. News of the successful trading spread quickly, and British, Dutch, Danish, Prussian and Swedish traders ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
