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Benzion Hoffman
Benzion Hoffman (; 1 May 1874 – 14 October 1954), best known by the pen name Zivion (, ''Tsivyen''), was a Yiddish writer, journalist, and political activist. Biography Hoffman was born in the village of Krug, near Boysk, in the Courland Governorate. He studied at various ''yeshivas'' in the region, meanwhile becoming acquainted with Maskilic literature, before moving to Vilna at the age of sixteen. There, he was ordained as a rabbi by ''av beis din'' Rabbi Shlomo ha-Kohen. He later studied at the Universities of Karlsruhe, Heidelberg, Berlin, and Bern, and obtained a doctorate in engineering. Hoffman published under the pseudonyms Zivion (, a near-anagram of ), Tz. (), Ish Tikva (, 'Man of Hope'), Afna, and Rozman. His first articles appeared in Hebrew in ''Ha-Melitz'' in 1895; he would go on to contribute to ', ''Forverts'', '' Di tsukunft'', '' Der yidisher arbeyter'', ''Folkstsaytung'', and ''Fraynd'', among other periodicals. The following year, he co-founded a sociali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Socialist Federation
The Jewish Socialist Federation (JSF) was a secular Jewish Yiddish-oriented organization founded in 1912 which acted as a language federation in the Socialist Party of America (SPA). Many of the founding members of the JSF had previously been members of the Bund in Eastern Europe and sought to bring Bundist politics to the socialist movement in the USA. The JSF split in 1921 over the question of the Bolshevik Revolution, with the organization disaffiliating from the SPA and a minority splitting to form a new organization called the Jewish Socialist Verband (JSV) and remaining affiliated to the SPA. The newly independent JSF soon joined the Workers Party of America (legal arm of the underground Communist Party of America) and merged into a previously-existing Jewish Communist Federation of that organization. History Background Scholars have commonly dated the origin of the Jewish labor movement in the United States to the decade of the 1880s. There were quantitative reasons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karlsruhe Institute Of Technology
The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT; german: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie) is a public research university in Karlsruhe, Germany. The institute is a national research center of the Helmholtz Association. KIT was created in 2009 when the University of Karlsruhe (), founded in 1825 as a public research university and also known as the "Fridericiana", merged with the Karlsruhe Research Center (), which had originally been established in 1956 as a national nuclear research center (, or KfK). KIT is a member of the TU9, an incorporated society of the largest and most notable German institutes of technology.TU9 As part of the German Universities Excellence Initiative KIT was one of three universities which were awarded excellence status in 2006. In the following "German Excellence Strategy" KIT was awarded as one of eleven "Excellence Universities" in 2019. KIT is among the leading technical universities in Germany and Europe. According to different bibliometric ranking ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riga
Riga (; lv, Rīga , liv, Rīgõ) is the capital and largest city of Latvia and is home to 605,802 inhabitants which is a third of Latvia's population. The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava river where it meets the Baltic Sea. Riga's territory covers and lies above sea level, on a flat and sandy plain. Riga was founded in 1201 and is a former Hanseatic League member. Riga's historical centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, noted for its Art Nouveau/Jugendstil architecture and 19th century wooden architecture. Riga was the European Capital of Culture in 2014, along with Umeå in Sweden. Riga hosted the 2006 NATO Summit, the Eurovision Song Contest 2003, the 2006 IIHF Men's World Ice Hockey Championships, 2013 World Women's Curling Championship and the 2021 IIHF World Championship. It is home to the European Union's office of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC). In 2017, it was named the European Region of Gastronomy. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labor Zionism
Labor Zionism ( he, צִיּוֹנוּת סוֹצְיָאלִיסְטִית, ) or socialist Zionism ( he, תְּנוּעָת הָעַבוֹדָה, label=none, translit=Tnuʽat haʽavoda) refers to the left-wing, socialist variation of Zionism. For many years, it was the most significant tendency among Zionists and Zionist organizations, and was seen as the Zionist sector of the historic Jewish labor movements of Eastern Europe and Central Europe, eventually developing local units in most countries with sizable Jewish populations. Unlike the "political Zionist" tendency founded by Theodor Herzl and advocated by Chaim Weizmann, Labor Zionists did not believe that a Jewish state would be created by simply appealing to the international community or to powerful nations such as the United Kingdom, Germany, or the former Ottoman Empire. Rather, they believed that a Jewish state could only be created through the efforts of the Jewish working class making ''aliyah'' to the Land of Israe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Folkstsaytung
The ''Folkstsaytung'' ( yi, פֿאָלקסצייטונג, 'People's Newspaper') was a Yiddish language daily newspaper which served as the official organ of the General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland. ''Folkstsaytung'' was published in Warsaw, Second Polish Republic. It began publication in 1921 and officially lasted until the Nazi invasion of Poland in 1939. Thereafter it continued on as an illegal underground newspaper until 1943. Its first editors were Victor Alter and Henrik Erlich. In 1927 it was renamed ''Naye Folkstsaytung'' ("New People's Paper").Yivo Institute for Jewish Research, "Here and Now: The Vision of the Jewish Labor Bund in Interwar Poland", When Ehrlich and Alter became preoccupied with their leadership responsibilities in the Bund, Leyvik Hodes took over editorial responsibility. It began to be published again after World War II but in 1948 it was taken over by Communist authorities and disbanded.Hershel Edelheit, "History of the Holocaust: a handbook and dic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Der Yidisher Arbeyter (Vilna)
''Der yidisher arbeyter'' ( yi, דער ייִדישער אַרבײטער, ''The Jewish Worker'') was a Yiddish-language periodical. It began as a Jewish workers journal in Vilna. In December 1896, Vladimir Kossovsky became the editor of the publication. With the sixth issue of the journal, published in March 1899, it became an organ of the General Jewish Labour Bund. The publication became the organ of the Foreign Committee of the Bund, and John Mill became its new editor. ''Der yidisher arbeyter'' became increasingly a theoretical publication, and its articles often dealt with issues relating to the national question ''National question'' is a term used for a variety of issues related to nationalism. It is seen especially often in socialist thought and doctrine. In socialism * ''Social Democracy and the National Question'' by Vladimir Medem in 1904 * ''So ... in Central and Eastern Europe.Jacobs, Jack Lester. ''Jewish Politics in Eastern Europe: The Bund at 100''. Bas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Der Poylisher Yidl
The ''Der Poylisher Yidl'' ( yi, דער פוילישער אידעל, ''The Little Polish Jew'') was one of the first socialist periodicals in the Yiddish language and Britain's first socialist paper targeting an immigrant audience. It was founded on 25 July 1884 by socialist Morris Winchevsky and his friend, writer Eliyahu Wolf Rabinowitz. It featured poetry (mostly Winchevsky's), transatlantic Jewish news and critiques of the local Yiddish theatre (including Sarah and Jacob Adlers' troupe). Its writing style was inspired by Aaron Liebermann (who established London's Hebrew Socialist Union), combining international commentary with local community organising. It sold for 1 penny per issue. In 1892, it was renamed to ''Di Tsukunft'' (Yiddish: די צוקונפֿט, ''The Future''). The newspaper ceased publication after less than a year, due to ideological differences. Winchevsky, who was staunchly anti-religious, left because Rabbinowitch accepted an advertisement from Samual M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Forward
''The Forward'' ( yi, פֿאָרווערטס, Forverts), formerly known as ''The Jewish Daily Forward'', is an American news media organization for a Jewish American audience. Founded in 1897 as a Yiddish-language daily socialist newspaper, ''The New York Times'' reported that Seth Lipsky "started an English-language offshoot of the Yiddish-language newspaper" as a weekly newspaper in 1990. In the 21st century ''The Forward'' is a digital publication with online reporting. In 2016, the publication of the Yiddish version changed its print format from a biweekly newspaper to a monthly magazine; the English weekly paper followed suit in 2017. Those magazines were published until 2019. ''The Forward''s perspective on world and national news and its reporting on the Jewish perspective on modern United States have made it one of the most influential American Jewish publications. It is published by an independent nonprofit association. It has a politically progressive editorial fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ha-Melitz
''Ha-Melitz'' or ''HaMelitz'' (Hebrew: ) was the first Hebrew newspaper in the Russian Empire. It was founded by Alexander Zederbaum in Odessa in 1860. History ''Ha-Melitz'' first appeared as a weekly, and it began to appear daily in 1886. From 1871, it was published in Saint Petersburg. Publication was suspended several times for lack of support or by order of the authorities. In 1893, Leon Rabinowitz succeeded Zederbaum as the editor. ''Ha-Melitz'' was a representative of the progressive or ''haskalah'' movement, and even so severe a critic as Abraham Kovner admitted that it had been "more useful to the Jews than have the other Hebrew newspapers" (''Ḥeḳer Dabar,'' p. 52 ff., Warsaw, 1866). While it was not so literary or scientific as some of its contemporaries, ''Ha-Melitz'' usually had more news and debates of interest, and was consequently more popular. J. A. Goldenblum was for many years associated with Zederbaum in its publication. Abraham Shalom Friedberg and Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anagram
An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. For example, the word ''anagram'' itself can be rearranged into ''nag a ram'', also the word ''binary'' into ''brainy'' and the word ''adobe'' into ''abode''. The original word or phrase is known as the ''subject'' of the anagram. Any word or phrase that exactly reproduces the letters in another order is an anagram. Someone who creates anagrams may be called an "anagrammatist", and the goal of a serious or skilled anagrammatist is to produce anagrams that reflect or comment on their subject. Examples Anagrams may be created as a commentary on the subject. They may be a parody, a criticism or satire. For example: * "New York Times" = " monkeys write" * "Church of Scientology" = "rich-chosen goofy cult" * "McDonald's restaurants" = " Uncle Sam's standard rot" * "coronavirus" = "carnivorous" * "She Sells Sanctuary" = "Santa; shy, l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudonym
A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true name (orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individual's own. Many pseudonym holders use pseudonyms because they wish to remain anonymous, but anonymity is difficult to achieve and often fraught with legal issues. Scope Pseudonyms include stage names, user names, ring names, pen names, aliases, superhero or villain identities and code names, gamer identifications, and regnal names of emperors, popes, and other monarchs. In some cases, it may also include nicknames. Historically, they have sometimes taken the form of anagrams, Graecisms, and Latinisations. Pseudonyms should not be confused with new names that replace old ones and become the individual's full-time name. Pseudonyms are "part-time" names, used only in certain contexts – to provide a more clear-cut separation between o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doctor Of Philosophy
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common Academic degree, degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are required to produce original research that expands the boundaries of knowledge, normally in the form of a Thesis, dissertation, and defend their work before a panel of other experts in the field. The completion of a PhD is often a requirement for employment as a university professor, researcher, or scientist in many fields. Individuals who have earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree may, in many jurisdictions, use the title ''Doctor (title), Doctor'' (often abbreviated "Dr" or "Dr.") with their name, although the proper etiquette associated with this usage may also be subject to the professional ethics of their own scholarly field, culture, or society. Those who teach at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
