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Belarusian National Revival
The Belarusian national revival ( be, Беларускае нацыянальнае адраджэнне) is a social, cultural and political movement that advocates the revival of Belarusian culture, language, customs, and the creation of the Belarusian statehood at the national foundation. In the early and mid 19th century, Jan Czeczot, Wladyslaw Syrokomla, Wincenty Dunin-Marcinkiewicz, Jan Barszczewski and several other writers, most of whom represented the local nobility, created the first literary works in modern Belarusian language. Their works were written in local rural dialects and ignored the traditions of the written Old Belarusian language from the period of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In the second half of the 19th century, leftist national clubs emerged among Belarusian students in the major universities of the Russian Empire, i.e. in the University of St. Petersburg. These clubs issued several illegal publications, for example, Homan with demands for autonomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dudka Biełaruskaja — Vokladka
Dudka ( dutka) is a Ukrainian, Russian and Polish surname derived from the Eastern Slavic word дудка for " fife", "pipe" that is also present in the Ukrainian, Polish and Russian diaspora. Notable people with the name ''Dudka'' include: *Dariusz Dudka Dariusz Dudka (; born 9 December 1983) is a retired Polish footballer. He played as a defensive midfielder or full-back and also as a centre-back. He is currently an assistant coach of Ekstraklasa club Lech Poznań. Club career Born in Kostrz ... (born 1983), Polish football player * Mykyta Dudka (born 2000), Ukrainian football player * Stanley Dudka (1923–2008), Canadian fishery officer * Vyacheslav Dudka (born 1960), Russian politician. References See also * {{surname, Dudka Russian-language surnames Ukrainian-language surnames Polish-language surnames Occupational surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignacy Hryniewiecki
Ignacy Hryniewiecki or Ignaty Ioakhimovich Grinevitsky). (russian: Игнатий Гриневицкий, pl, Ignacy Hryniewiecki, be, Ігнат Грынявіцкі; — March 13, 1881) was a Polish member of the Russian revolutionary society Narodnaya Volya. He gained notoriety for participating in the bombing attack to which Tsar Alexander II of Russia succumbed. Hryniewiecki threw the bomb that fatally wounded the Tsar and himself. Having outlived his victim by a few hours, he died the same day. Hryniewiecki and his accomplices believed that the assassination of Alexander II could provoke a political or social revolution to overthrow the tsarist autocracy. Many historians consider the assassination a Pyrrhic victory, since instead of ushering in a revolution, it strengthened the resolve of the state to crush the revolutionary movement, leading to the movement's decline in the 1880s. Hryniewiecki's role in the assassination has sometimes been cited as the earliest occurren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political History Of Belarus
Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. It may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and nonviolent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but also often carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or limitedly, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external force, including w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russification Of Belarus
The Russification of Belarus ( be, Расеізацыя Беларусі, Rasieizacyja Biełarusi; russian: Русификация Беларуси, translit=Rusyfikatsiya Byelarusi) is a policy of replacing the use of the Belarusian language and the presence of Belarusian culture and mentality in various spheres of public life in Belarus by the corresponding Russian analogs. Russification is one of the major reasons of insufficient adoption of the Belarusian language by Belarusians. In Belarus, Russification was carried out by the authorities of the Russian Empire and, later, by the authorities of the Soviet Union.''Yuliya Brel.'' (University of DelawareThe Failure of the Language Policy in Belarus.''New Visions for Public Affairs'', Volume 9, Spring 2017, pp. 59—74 Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko has renewed the policy since coming to power in 1994,Vadzim Smok'Belarusian Identity: the Impact of Lukashenka’s Rule// ''Analytical Paper.'' Ostrogorski Centre, BelarusDi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Belarusian Patriots
The Union of Belarusian Patriots or UBP ( be, Саюз беларускіх патрыётаў or Зьвяз беларускіх патрыётаў) was a youth organization active in West and Northern Belarus from 1946–1947. The main objectives were to improve welfare, Belarusian national revival, protect national and civil rights and saving the Belarusian language from Russification. The ultimate goal was to build an independent Belarusian state. History The Union of Belarusian Patriots was founded in early 1946 in the Hlybokaye and Pastavy. In the summer of 1946, an underground patriotic organization formed in Slonim whose conspiratorial name was "Seagull". It was founded by young teachers and activists. During this year, these communities were in Baranavichy, Brest, Navahrudak and Zhyrovichy. In the summer of 1946 the communities of Baranavichy, Slonim and Navahrudak united in the center of Belarusian Liberation Movement under the leadership of Vasil Suprun. In the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian Nationalism
Belarusian nationalism is the nationalism that asserts the nationality of Belarusians. It originated in the first decade of the 20th century. The Belarusian People's Republic, declared on 25 March 1918, was the first manifestation of Belarusian statehood. Belarusian nationalism was faced with the problem of a lack of a Belarusian state prior to the 20th century. This led to the Belarusian nationalists trying to find a Belarusian state in the past. Belarusian nationalists claimed that the states of Polotsk and also the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were actually Belarusian, which was untrue. Some Belarusian nationalists claimed the founders of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were actually Belarusians and not Lithuanians. This pseudohistorical theory that Belarusians created the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is called Litvinism. Many Belarusian nationalists, especially the BPF Party and Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic claim a large part of Lithuania (Vilnius County) as well as la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Litvinism
Litvinism (, or ) is a branch of nationalism, philosophy and political current in Belarus, which bases the history of its state on the heritage of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and emphasizes the Baltic component of the Belarusian ethnic group. According to this branch of Belarusian nationalism, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (they refer this state as be, Вялікае Княства Літоўскае, Vialikaje Kniastva Litoŭskaje, label=none, and modern Lithuania as be, Летува, Letuva, label=none or be, Жмудзь, Žmudź, label=none) was a Slavic or Belarusian state, the medieval Lithuanians were Belarusians, and modern Lithuania is a consequence of a falsification of history. Opponents of Litvinism consider it a fringe pseudohistorical theory. Some Litvinists reject their Belarusian national identity and affiliation with the Republic of Belarus, in favor of a reconstructed Baltic Catholic Litvin ("Lithuanian") identity, based on the history and legacy of the Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narodnaya Volya
Narodnaya Volya ( rus, Наро́дная во́ля, p=nɐˈrodnəjə ˈvolʲə, t=People's Will) was a late 19th-century revolutionary political organization in the Russian Empire which conducted assassinations of government officials in an attempt to overthrow the autocratic system and stop the government reforms of Alexander II of Russia. The organization declared itself to be a populist movement that succeeded the Narodniks. Composed primarily of young revolutionary socialist intellectuals believing in the efficacy of terrorism, ''Narodnaya Volya'' emerged in Autumn 1879 from the split of an earlier revolutionary organization called ''Zemlya i Volya'' ("Land and Liberty"). Based upon an underground apparatus of local, semi-independent cells co-ordinated by a self-selecting Executive Committee, ''Narodnaya Volya'' continued to espouse acts of revolutionary violence in an attempt to spur mass revolt against Tsarism, culminating in the successful assassination of Tsar Alexander ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsar Alexander II Of Russia
Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881. Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was the emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator ( rus, Алекса́ндр Освободи́тель, r=Aleksándr Osvobodytel, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ɐsvəbɐˈdʲitʲɪlʲ). The tsar was responsible for other reforms, including reorganizing the judicial system, setting up elected local judges, abolishing corporal punishment, promoting local self-government through the ''zemstvo'' system, imposing universal military service, ending some privileges of the nobility, and promoting university education. After an assassination attempt in 1866, Alexander adopted a somewhat more conservative stance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homan (1884)
''Homan'' (pronounced ) was an illegal Belarusian newspaper published from 1884 in Belarusian and Russian languages. It was printed in Minsk on a hectograph The hectograph, gelatin duplicator or jellygraph is a printing process that involves transfer of an original, prepared with special inks, to a pan of gelatin or a gelatin pad pulled tight on a metal frame. While the original use of the technolo ... and promoted the idea of autonomy of Belarus. References * uruk 1921 Ф. Турук. Белорусское движение. Очерк истории национального и революционного движения белоруссов. – Москва : Государственное издательство, 1921 ; Мн. : Картографическая фабрика Белгеодезии, 1994. p. 15 Newspapers published in Belarus Newspapers established in 1884 Mass media in Minsk 1884 establishments in the Russian Empire {{belarus-newspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarus
Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Covering an area of and with a population of 9.4 million, Belarus is the List of European countries by area, 13th-largest and the List of European countries by population, 20th-most populous country in Europe. The country has a hemiboreal climate and is administratively divided into Regions of Belarus, seven regions. Minsk is the capital and List of cities and largest towns in Belarus, largest city. Until the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including Kievan Rus', the Principality of Polotsk, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of St
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, the designation is reserved for colleges that have a graduate school. The word ''university'' is derived from the Latin ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". The first universities were created in Europe by Catholic Church monks. The University of Bologna (''Università di Bologna''), founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of: *Being a high degree-awarding institute. *Having independence from the ecclesiastic schools, although conducted by both clergy and non-clergy. *Using the word ''universitas'' (which was coined at its foundation). *Issuing secular and non-secular degrees: grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law, notarial law.Hunt Janin: "The university ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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