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Battle Of Bar-le-Duc
The Battle of Bar-le-Duc was a confrontation between two feudal armies led by Odo II, Count of Blois, and Gothelo I, Duke of Lorraine, that took place on 15 November 1037 outside Bar in the Duchy of Lorraine. Background When Rudolph III of Burgundy died in 1032, his kingdom was inherited by Emperor Conrad II and incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire. Rudolph's nephew, Odo II, continued to dispute this outcome, maintaining his own right to the inheritance. Léonce Lex, ''Eudes, comte de Blois'' (Troyes, Dufour-Bouquot, 1892), pp. 47-54On Google Books/ref> Conflict In 1037, Conrad II led an army to Italy to put down a rebellion in Lombardy. Odo took advantage of his absence to invade the Duchy of Lorraine and occupy the city of Bar. Emissaries from the rebels in Italy offered him the Kingdom of Italy if he would come to their aid. Initially having been taken by surprise, Gothelo I, Duke of Lorraine, had meanwhile been able to raise an army—in part by appealing to Reginard, bisho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feudal
Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was the combination of the legal, economic, military, cultural and political customs that flourished in Middle Ages, medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a way of structuring society around relationships that were derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour. Although it is derived from the Latin word ''feodum'' or ''feudum'' (fief), which was used during the Medieval period, the term ''feudalism'' and the system which it describes were not conceived of as a formal political system by the people who lived during the Middle Ages. The classic definition, by François Louis Ganshof (1944),François Louis Ganshof (1944). ''Qu'est-ce que la féodalité''. Translated into English by Philip Grierson as ''Feudalism'', with a foreword by F. M. Stenton, 1st ed.: New York and London, 1952; 2nd ed: 1961; 3rd ed.: 1976. describes a set of reciprocal legal and Medieval warfare, military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
The Kingdom of Italy ( la, Regnum Italiae or ''Regnum Italicum''; it, Regno d'Italia; german: Königreich Italien), also called Imperial Italy ( it, Italia Imperiale, german: Reichsitalien, links=no), was one of the constituent kingdoms of the Holy Roman Empire, along with the kingdoms of Germany, Bohemia, and Burgundy. It originally comprised large parts of northern and central Italy. Its original capital was Pavia until the 11th century. In 773, Charlemagne, the king of the Franks, crossed the Alps to invade the Kingdom of the Lombards, which encompassed all of Italy except the Duchy of Rome, the Venetian Republic and the Byzantine possessions in the south. In June 774, the kingdom collapsed and the Franks became masters of northern Italy. The southern areas remained under Lombard control, as the Duchy of Benevento was changed into the rather independent Principality of Benevento. Charlemagne called himself king of the Lombards and in 800 was crowned emperor in Rome. Members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1037
Conflict may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Conflict'' (1921 film), an American silent film directed by Stuart Paton * ''Conflict'' (1936 film), an American boxing film starring John Wayne * ''Conflict'' (1937 film), a Swedish drama film directed by Per-Axel Branner * ''Conflict'' (1938 film), a French drama film directed by Léonide Moguy * ''Conflict'' (1945 film), an American suspense film starring Humphrey Bogart * ''Catholics: A Fable'' (1973 film), or ''The Conflict'', a film starring Martin Sheen * ''Judith'' (1966 film) or ''Conflict'', a film starring Sophia Loren * ''Samar'' (1999 film) or ''Conflict'', a 1999 Indian film by Shyam Benegal Games * ''Conflict'' (series), a 2002–2008 series of war games for the PS2, Xbox, and PC * ''Conflict'' (video game), a 1989 Nintendo Entertainment System war game * '' Conflict: Middle East Political Simulator'', a 1990 strategy computer game Literature and periodicals * ''Conflict'' (novel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules Borgnet
Charles Adolphe Jules Borgnet (1817–1872) was a Belgian archivist and historian who played an important role in introducing modern archival practices in the city of Namur. Charles Adolphe Jules Borgnet (1817–1872) was a Belgian archivist and historian who played an important role in introducing modern archival practices in the city of Namur. Life Borgnet was born in Namur on 16 November 1817. After studying law at the University of Liège he developed an interest in history and in 1842 he was appointed by the governor of the Province of Namur Namur (; nl, Namen ; wa, Nameur) is a province of Wallonia, one of the three regions of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the West) on the Walloon provinces of Hainaut, Walloon Brabant, Liège and Luxembourg in Belgium, and the French depart ... to classify the archives preserved in the city's law courts, which included documents going back to the Middle Ages confiscated during the French period.D. D. Brouwers, "Borgnet, Jule ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biographie Nationale De Belgique
The ''Biographie nationale de Belgique'' ( French; "National Biography of Belgium") is a biographical dictionary of Belgium. It was published by the Royal Academy of Belgium in 44 volumes between 1866 and 1986. A continuation series, entitled the ''Nouvelle Biographie Nationale'' ("New National Biography"), has been published by the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium since 1988. Both the ''Biographie nationale'' and ''Nouvelle biographie nationale'' were digitised by the Fonds InBev-Baillet Latour and can be freely consulted at the Academy's website. A parallel biographical dictionary has been produced in Dutch since 1964, entitled the ''Nationaal Biografisch Woordenboek'' ("National Biographical Dictionary"). It places more emphasis on figures important to the history and culture of Flanders and is published by the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts (with the co-operation of the Royal Academy of Dutch language and literature and the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Godefroid Kurth
Godefroid Kurth (1847–1916) was a celebrated Belgian historian and pioneering Christian democrat. He is known for his histories of the city of Liège in the Middle Ages and of Belgium, his Catholic account of the formation of modern Europe in ''Les Origines de la civilisation moderne'', and his defence of the medieval guild system.Paul Gérin, "Kurth, Godefroid", ''Nouvelle Biographie Nationale''vol. 8(Brussels, 2005), 212–219. Life ;Early life Godefroid Kurth was born on 11 May 1847 in Arlon, the capital of the Belgian province of Luxembourg. His father, a former soldier from Cologne who was naturalised as a Belgian in 1842, became a police commissioner in Arlon, but died 1850. The family spoke Luxembourgish at home and he learned French in primary school. He was educated at the Athénée royal d'Arlon and the Liège Normal school, where he completed his studies in 1869.Henri PirenneNotice sur Godefroid Kurth ''Annuaire de l'Académie royale belge'', 1924, pp. 192–261. Tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert II, Count Of Namur
Albert II of Namur was Count of Namur from the death of his elder brother Robert II to his death in 1067. They were the sons of Albert I, and Ermengarde, daughter of duke Charles of Lower Lorraine. Biography In 1037, Albert participated in the Battle of Bar-le-Duc against Odo II, Count of Blois, who was seeking to claim for himself the inheritance of his uncle, Rudolph III of Burgundy, which in 1032 had passed to Conrad II and been incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire. In 1046, Albert supported Emperor Henry III in his fight against Godfrey III, Duke of Lower Lorraine, and Baldwin V, Count of Flanders. In 1047, he founded the collegiate church of St. Albinus at Namur, which became Namur cathedral in 1559. Marriages and issue Between 1010 and 1015 he married Regelinde (d. 1067) daughter of Gothelo I, Count of Verdun and Duke of Lorraine and had the following issue: * Albert III (–1102) * Henry I, Count of Durbuy (d. 1097 in Palestine) * Hedwige of Namur, married ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Liège
A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is called episcopacy. Organizationally, several Christian denominations utilize ecclesiastical structures that call for the position of bishops, while other denominations have dispensed with this office, seeing it as a symbol of power. Bishops have also exercised political authority. Traditionally, bishops claim apostolic succession, a direct historical lineage dating back to the original Twelve Apostles or Saint Paul. The bishops are by doctrine understood as those who possess the full priesthood given by Jesus Christ, and therefore may ordain other clergy, including other bishops. A person ordained as a deacon, priest (i.e. presbyter), and then bishop is understood to hold the fullness of the ministerial priesthood, given responsibility by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reginard
Reginard was bishop of Liège in the Low Countries from 1025 to 1037, and had the city's first stone bridge over the Meuse built, the Pont des Arches. Life The earliest sources are contradictory on Reginard's background, but it seems likely that he was originally from Liège itself or the area of the County of Loon.Godefroid Kurth, "Réginard", ''Biographie Nationale de Belgique''vol. 18(Brussels, 1905), 855-861. His ecclesiastical career, however, began in Bonn, where he was appointed to a canonry by Heribert of Cologne, with whom he had studied at Gorze Abbey in the Duchy of Lorraine. In 1025 Emperor Conrad II nominated him as bishop of Liège in succession to Durandus. According to the chroniclers of St Laurence's Abbey, Liège, he acquired the appointment through simony but repented and tendered his resignation to the Pope, who insisted that he retain the nomination. In the first year of his episcopacy, he was criticised by Gerard, bishop of Cambrai, for his laxity in simply ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lombardy
Lombardy ( it, Lombardia, Lombard language, Lombard: ''Lombardia'' or ''Lumbardia' '') is an administrative regions of Italy, region of Italy that covers ; it is located in the northern-central part of the country and has a population of about 10 million people, constituting more than one-sixth of Italy's population. Over a fifth of the Italian gross domestic product (GDP) is produced in the region. The Lombardy region is located between the Alps mountain range and tributaries of the Po river, and includes Milan, the largest metropolitan area in the country, and among the largest in the European Union (EU). Of the fifty-eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Italy, eleven are in Lombardy. Virgil, Pliny the Elder, Ambrose, Gerolamo Cardano, Caravaggio, Claudio Monteverdi, Antonio Stradivari, Cesare Beccaria, Alessandro Volta and Alessandro Manzoni; and popes Pope John XXIII, John XXIII and Pope Paul VI, Paul VI originated in the area of modern-day Lombardy region. Etymology The name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odo II, Count Of Blois
Odo II () (983 – 15 November 1037) was the count of Blois, Chartres, Châteaudun, Beauvais and Tours from 1004 and count of Troyes (as Odo IV) and Meaux (as Odo I) from 1022. He twice tried to make himself a king: first in Italy after 1024 and then in Burgundy after 1032. Life Born around 983, Odo II was the son of Odo I of Blois and Bertha of Burgundy. He was the first to unite Blois and Champagne under one authority although his career was spent in endless feudal warfare with his neighbors and suzerains, many of whose territories he tried to annex. About 1003/1004 he married Maud, a daughter of Richard I of Normandy. After her death in 1005, and as she had no children, Richard II of Normandy demanded a return of her dowry: half the county of Dreux. Odo refused and the two warred over the matter. Finally, King Robert II, who had married Odo's mother, imposed his arbitration on the contestants in 1007, leaving Odo in possession of the castle Dreux while Richard II kept the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léonce Lex
Léonce is a French masculine given name. People with the name Léonce include: * Léonce (actor) (1823–1900), French actor and singer *Léonce Bekemans (born 1950), Belgian economist and scholar *Léonce-Henri Burel (1892–1977), French cinematographer *Léonce Corne (1894–1977), French film actor * Léonce Lagarde (1860–1936), was a French colonial governor of French Somaliland and ambassador * Léonce Perret (1880–1935), French film actor, director and producer *Léonce Rosenberg Léonce Rosenberg (12 September 1879 in Paris – 31 July 1947 in Neuilly-sur-Seine) was an art collector, writer, publisher, and one of the most influential French art dealers of the 20th century. His greatest impact was as a supporter and promote ... (1879–1947), French art historian, art collector and publisher * Léonce Verny (1837–1908), French officer and naval engineer {{given name French masculine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
