|
Bartoszyce County
__NOTOC__ Bartoszyce County ( pl, powiat bartoszycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bartoszyce, which lies north of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county contains three other towns: Górowo Iławeckie, west of Bartoszyce, Bisztynek, south of Bartoszyce, and Sępopol, east of Bartoszyce. The county covers an area of . As of 2019 its total population is 57,642, out of which the population of Bartoszyce is 23,482, that of Górowo Iławeckie is 3,951, that of Bisztynek is 2,370, that of Sępopol is 1,958, and the rural population is 25,881. Neighbouring counties Bartoszyce County is bordered by Kętrzyn County to the east, Olsztyn County to the south, Lidzbark County to the south-west and Braniewo County to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powiat
A ''powiat'' (pronounced ; Polish plural: ''powiaty'') is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture ( LAU-1, formerly NUTS-4) in other countries. The term "''powiat''" is most often translated into English as "county" or "district" (sometimes "poviat"). In historical contexts this may be confusing because the Polish term ''hrabstwo'' (an administrative unit administered/owned by a ''hrabia'' (count) is also literally translated as "county". A ''powiat'' is part of a larger unit, the voivodeship ( Polish ''województwo'') or province. A ''powiat'' is usually subdivided into ''gmina''s (in English, often referred to as "communes" or "municipalities"). Major towns and cities, however, function as separate counties in their own right, without subdivision into ''gmina''s. They are termed " city counties" (''powiaty grodzkie'' or, more formally, ''miasta na prawach powiatu'') and have roughly the same s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across eleven time zones and shares land boundaries with fourteen countries, more than any other country but China. It is the world's ninth-most populous country and Europe's most populous country, with a population of 146 million people. The country's capital and largest city is Moscow, the largest city entirely within Europe. Saint Petersburg is Russia's cultural centre and second-largest city. Other major urban areas include Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, and Kazan. The East Slavs emerged as a recognisable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries CE. Kievan Rus' arose as a state in the 9th century, and in 988, it adopted Orthodox Christianity from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gmina
The gmina (Polish: , plural ''gminy'' , from German ''Gemeinde'' meaning ''commune'') is the principal unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. , there were 2,477 gminas throughout the country, encompassing over 43,000 villages. 940 gminas include cities and towns, with 302 among them constituting an independent urban gmina ( pl, gmina miejska) consisting solely of a standalone town or one of the 107 cities, the latter governed by a city mayor (''prezydent miasta''). The gmina has been the basic unit of territorial division in Poland since 1974, when it replaced the smaller gromada (cluster). Three or more gminas make up a higher level unit called powiat, except for those holding the status of a city with powiat rights. Each and every powiat has the seat in a city or town, in the latter case either an urban gmina or a part of an urban-rural one. Types There are three types of gmina: #302 urban gmina ( pl, gmina miejska) constituted either by a st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaliningrad Oblast
Kaliningrad Oblast (russian: Калинингра́дская о́бласть, translit=Kaliningradskaya oblast') is the westernmost federal subject of Russia. It is a semi-exclave situated on the Baltic Sea. The largest city and administrative centre of the province ( oblast) is the city of Kaliningrad, formerly known as Königsberg. The port city of Baltiysk is Russia's only port on the Baltic Sea that remains ice-free in winter. Kaliningrad Oblast had a population of roughly 1 million in the Russian Census of 2010. The oblast is bordered by Poland to the south, Lithuania to the north and east and the Baltic Sea to the north-west. The territory was formerly the northern part of the Prussian province of East Prussia; the remaining southern part of the province is today part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland. With the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II, the territory was annexed to the Russian SFSR by the Soviet Union. Following the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Braniewo County
__NOTOC__ Braniewo County ( pl, powiat braniewski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Braniewo, which lies north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Pieniężno, lying south-east of Braniewo, and Frombork, west of Braniewo. The county covers an area of . As of 2019 its total population is 41,223, out of which the population of Braniewo is 17,875, that of Pieniężno is 2,271, that of Frombork is 2,332, and the rural population is 19,130. Neighbouring counties Braniewo County is bordered by Bartoszyce County and Lidzbark County to the east, and Elbląg County to the south-west. It also borders Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) to the north. Administrative division The county is subdiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lidzbark County
__NOTOC__ Lidzbark County ( pl, powiat lidzbarski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. Its administrative seat and largest town is Lidzbark Warmiński, which lies north of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Orneta, lying west of Lidzbark Warmiński. The county covers an area of . As of 2006 its total population is 43,006, out of which the population of Lidzbark Warmiński is 16,390, that of Orneta is 9,380, and the rural population is 17,236. History Lidzbark County came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Neighbouring counties Lidzbark County is bordered by Bartoszyce County to the north-east, Olsztyn County to the south, Ostróda County to the south-west, and Elbląg County and Braniewo County to the west. Administrative division The county is subdivided into five gmina The gmina (Polish: , plu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olsztyn County
__NOTOC__ Olsztyn County ( pl, powiat olsztyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Olsztyn, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The owners are the Olstynskis'.The county contains five towns: Dobre Miasto, north of Olsztyn, Biskupiec, east of Olsztyn, Olsztynek, south-west of Olsztyn, Barczewo, north-east of Olsztyn, and Jeziorany, north-east of Olsztyn. The county covers an area of . As of 2006 its total population is 113,529, out of which the population of Dobre Miasto is 10,489, that of Biskupiec is 10,348, that of Olsztynek is 7,591, that of Barczewo is 7,401, that of Jeziorany is 3,376, and the rural population is 74,324. Neighbouring counties Apart from the city of Olsztyn, Olsztyn County is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kętrzyn County
__NOTOC__ Kętrzyn County ( pl, powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, north-west of Kętrzyn. The county covers an area of . As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435. Neighbouring counties Kętrzyn County is bordered by Węgorzewo County and Giżycko County to the east, Mrągowo County to the south, and Olsztyn County and Bartoszyce County to the west. It also borders Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sępopol
Sępopol (german: Schippenbeil) is a town in Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,013 inhabitants in 2016. History The town is located at an Old Prussian settlement which received town rights in 1351 as "Schiffenburg", after the area was conquered by the Teutonic Knights. In 1372 the town was surrounded by a defensive wall with two entrance gates. In 1440 the town joined the anti-Teutonic Prussian Confederation, at which request in 1454 King Casimir IV Jagiellon signed the act of incorporation of the region to Poland. During the Thirteen Years’ War (1454–1466), the town was successfully defended against the Teutonic Knights, until 1461. After the Second Peace of Toruń of 1466 the town became part of Poland as a fief held by the State of the Teutonic Order. To the local Polish inhabitants the town was known under its archaic Polish name ''Szępopel''. An important route connecting Warsaw and Königsberg (Królewiec) ran through Schippenbeil, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bisztynek
Bisztynek (german: Bischofstein) is a town in Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,282 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is located in the historical region of Warmia. History The town was part of Poland until the First Partition of Poland in 1772, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia, and from 1871 to 1945 it was also part of Germany. As a result of the Treaty of Versailles the 1920 East Prussian plebiscite was organized on 11 July 1920 under the control of the League of Nations, which resulted in 2,581 votes to remain in Germany and none for Poland. After World War II the region was placed under Polish administration by the Potsdam Agreement under territorial changes demanded by the Soviet Union. The town's German population fled or was expelled in accordance to the Potsdam Agreement. The town was resettled by Poles, many of them expelled from the Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union, or forced to settle in the area through Operation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olsztyn
Olsztyn ( , ; german: Allenstein ; Old Prussian: ''Alnāsteini'' * Latin: ''Allenstenium'', ''Holstin'') is a city on the Łyna River in northern Poland. It is the capital of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, and is a city with county rights. The population of the city was estimated at 169,793 residents in 2021. Olsztyn is the largest city in Warmia, and has been the capital of the voivodeship since 1999. In the same year, the University of Warmia and Masuria was founded from the fusion of three other local universities. Today, the Castle of Warmian Cathedral Chapter houses a museum and is a venue for concerts, art exhibitions, film shows and other cultural events, which make Olsztyn a popular tourist destination. The city is the seat of the Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Warmia The most important sights of the city include the medieval Old Town and the St. James Pro-cathedral (former St. James Parish Church), which dates back more than 600 years. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Local Government Reforms
The administrative division of Poland since 1999 has been based on three levels of subdivision. The territory of Poland is divided into ''voivodeships'' (provinces); these are further divided into ''powiats'' (counties or districts), and these in turn are divided into ''gminas'' (communes or municipalities). Major cities normally have the status of both gmina and powiat. Poland currently has 16 voivodeships, 380 powiats (including 66 cities with powiat status), and 2,478 gminas. The current system was introduced pursuant to a series of acts passed by the Polish parliament in 1998, and came into effect on 1 January 1999. Between 1975 and 1998 there had been 49 smaller voivodeships and no powiats (see subdivisions of the Polish People's Republic). The reform created 16 larger voivodeships (largely based on and named after historical regions) and reintroduced powiats. The boundaries of the voivodeships do not always reflect the historical borders of Polish regions. Around half of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
