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Barm-e Delak
Barm-e Delak ( fa, برمدلک), is a site of a Sasanian rock relief located about 10 km southeast of Shiraz, in the Pars Province of Iran. The rock relief was known as Bahram-e Dundalk in Middle Persian, which means ''Bahram's heart''. History The site is located near a river, on the eastern side of a rocky spur. It composes four reliefs. The first relief is a family scene done in a unique style in honor to king Bahram II. It shows the king offering a lotus flower to his wife, Shapurdukhtak. See also * Bahram II * Bishapour Notes {{Reflist References * Louis Vanden BergheEncyclopædia Iranica * Bruno Overlaet, Flower and fire altar: fact and fiction on the Barm-i Dilak rock reliefs, Iranica Antiqua 45, 2010, p. 337-352. External links * Jona Lenderingbr>Sasanian rock reliefsLivius.org ( accessdate=2013-08-15 ). * Georgina Hermann & Vesta S. CurtiSasanian rock reliefsEncyclopædia Iranica ''Encyclopædia Iranica'' is a project whose goal is to create ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahram II
Bahram II (also spelled Wahram II or Warahran II; pal, 𐭥𐭫𐭧𐭫𐭠𐭭) was the fifth Sasanian King of Kings (''shahanshah'') of Iran, from 274 to 293. He was the son and successor of Bahram I (). Bahram II, while still in his teens, ascended the throne with the aid of the powerful Zoroastrian priest Kartir, just like his father had done. He was met with considerable challenges during his reign, facing a rebellion in the east led by his brother, the Kushano-Sasanian dynast Hormizd I Kushanshah, who also assumed the title of King of Kings and possibly laid claims to the Sasanian throne. Another rebellion, led by Bahram II's cousin Hormizd of Sakastan in Sakastan, also occurred around this period. In Khuzestan, a Zoroastrian factional revolt led by a high-priest (''mowbed'') occurred. The Roman emperor Carus exploited the turbulent situation of Iran by launching a campaign into its holdings in Mesopotamia in 283. Bahram II, who was in the east, was unable to mount an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishapour
Bishapur (Middle Persian: ''Bay-Šāpūr''; fa, بیشاپور}, ''Bishâpûr'') was an ancient city in Sasanid Persia (Iran) on the ancient road between Persis and Elam. The road linked the Sassanid capitals Estakhr (very close to Persepolis) and Ctesiphon. It is located south of modern Faliyan in the Kazerun County of Pars Province, Iran. Bishapur was built near a river crossing and at the same site there is also a fort with rock-cut reservoirs and a river valley with six Sassanid rock reliefs. The most important point about this city, is the combination of Persian and Roman art and architecture that hadn't been seen before Bishapur construction. Before Bishapour was built, almost all the main cities in Persia/Iran had a circular shape like the old city in Firuzabad or Darab. Bishapour is the first Persian city with vertical and horizontal streets. Also in the city, especially in interior design, we can see tile work that's adapted from Roman Art. History The name ''B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures In Fars Province
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasses of much artistic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd-century Works
The 3rd century was the period from 201 ( CCI) to 300 (CCC) Anno Domini (AD) or Common Era (CE) in the Julian calendar.. In this century, the Roman Empire saw a crisis, starting with the assassination of the Roman Emperor Severus Alexander in 235, plunging the empire into a period of economic troubles, barbarian incursions, political upheavals, civil wars, and the split of the Roman Empire through the Gallic Empire in the west and the Palmyrene Empire in the east, which all together threatened to destroy the Roman Empire in its entirety, but the reconquests of the seceded territories by Emperor Aurelian and the stabilization period under Emperor Diocletian due to the administrative strengthening of the empire caused an end to the crisis by 284. This crisis would also mark the beginning of Late Antiquity. In Persia, the Parthian Empire was succeeded by the Sassanid Empire in 224 after Ardashir I defeated and killed Artabanus V during the Battle of Hormozdgan. The Sassanids t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architecture In Iran
Iranian architecture or Persian architecture (Persian: معمارى ایرانی, ''Memāri e Irāni'') is the architecture of Iran and parts of the rest of West Asia, the Caucasus and Central Asia. Its history dates back to at least 5,000 BC with characteristic examples distributed over a vast area from Turkey and Iraq to Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, and from the Caucasus to Zanzibar. Persian buildings vary from peasant huts to tea houses, and garden pavilions to "some of the most majestic structures the world has ever seen". In addition to historic gates, palaces, and mosques, the rapid growth of cities such as the capital Tehran has brought about a wave of demolition and new construction. Iranian architecture displays great variety, both structural and aesthetic, from a variety of traditions and experience. Without sudden innovations, and despite the repeated trauma of invasions and cultural shocks, it has achieved "an individuality distinct from that of other Muslim countries" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeological Sites In Iran
Some of the prehistoric archaeological sites of Iran are listed below: *Paleolithic **Hotu and Kamarband Caves **Darband Cave ** Qal'eh Bozi ** Do-Ashkaft Cave **Warwasi **Bisitun Cave **Kashafrud *Neolithic ** Tappeh Sialk ** Ganj Dareh ** Ali Kosh ** Hajji Firuz Tepe *Jiroft culture (3rd millennium BC) **Konar Sandal **Shahdad **Shahr-e Sukhteh * Lullubi culture (3rd to 2nd millennia BC) **Sarpol-e Zahab *Elam (3rd to 2nd millennia BC) ** Anshan ** Chogha Zanbil ** Godin Tepe ** Haft Tepe ** Susa ** Khorramabad *Assyria ** Tappeh Hasanlu *Median to Achaemenid period **Ecbatana **Persepolis ** Behistun **Rey, Iran **Pasargadae ** Temukan ** Bābā Jān Tepe ** Marlik ** Qaleh Kesh * Sassanid period **Takht-e Soleymān **Istakhr **Great Wall of Gorgan **Qal'eh Dokhtar **Qumis, Iran See also *List of archaeological sites sorted by country *History of Iran * Rock art in Iran References External links {{DEFAULTSORT:Archaeological Sites In Iran Archaeological sites in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jona Lendering
Jona Lendering (born 29 October 1964) is a Dutch historian and the author of books on antiquity, Dutch history and modern management. He has an MA in history from Leiden University and an MA in Mediterranean culture from the Amsterdam Free University, taught history at the Free University, and worked as an archivist employed by the Dutch government, before becoming one of the founders of the history school Livius Onderwijs. Career and works Born on 29 October 1964 in Beneden-Leeuwen, Gelderland, Lendering's biography of Alexander the Great (''Alexander de Grote'') attempted to make greater use than earlier scholars of Persian and Babylonian sources. For example, he argued from Babylonian astronomical diaries that Darius III of Persia was deserted by his troops when he faced Alexander at the Battle of Gaugamela, rather than personally leading the retreat as reported by Greek sources. His work, "Alexander de Grote. De ondergang van het Perzische rijk" was described by ''Bryn Mawr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopædia Iranica
''Encyclopædia Iranica'' is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times. Scope The ''Encyclopædia Iranica'' is dedicated to the study of Iranian civilization in the wider Middle East, the Caucasus, Southeastern Europe, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. The academic reference work will eventually cover all aspects of Iranian history and culture as well as all Iranian languages and literatures, facilitating the whole range of Iranian studies research from archeology to political sciences. It is a project founded by Ehsan Yarshater in 1973 and currently carried out at Columbia University's Center for Iranian Studies. It is considered the standard encyclopedia of the academic discipline of Iranistics. The scope of the encyclopedia goes beyond modern Iran (also known as "Persia") and encompasses the entire Iranian cultural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shapurdukhtak
Shapurdukhtak (Middle Persian: ''Šābuhrduxtag'', literally "daughter of Shapur") was a 3rd-century Sasanian queen ('' banbishn''). She was the wife of her cousin, king Bahram II (r. 274–293). Biography She was the only daughter of Shapur Meshanshah, a Sasanian prince who governed Meshan, and was the son of the Sasanian shah Shapur I. Her mother was a queen named Denag. Shapurdukhtak had many brothers: Hormizdag, Odabakht, Bahram, Shapur, Peroz, and Hormizd. She was probably raised in Meshan, which was then governed by her father. In 260, her father died and was probably succeeded by Denag as the governor of Meshan. In 274, her cousin Bahram II ascended the throne, and she was married shortly married to the latter, and was given the title of '' bānbishnān bānbishn'', meaning "queen of queens". In c. 281, her brother Hormizd revolted against Bahram II, and was supported by the inhabitants of Eastern Iran, including the inhabitants of Gilan. Hormizd's revolt was finally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarab-e Qandil
Sarab or Sar Ab or Sar-e Ab or Sarab-e ( fa, سراب) may refer to: Afghanistan * Sarab, Baghlan Province * Sarab, Ghazni Province Iran Alborz Province * Sarab, Alborz East Azerbaijan Province * Sarab, East Azerbaijan * Sarab County Fars Province * Sarab-e Bahram, Mamasani County * Sar Ab-e Gojestan, Mamasani County * Sarab Rud, Mamasani County * Sarab-e Siah, Rostam County Hamadan Province * Sarab, Hamadan, a village in Kabudarahang County * Sarab Samen, a village in Malayer County * Sarab-e Tajar, a village in Malayer County * Sarab Rural District (Hamadan Province) Hormozgan Province Ilam Province * Sarab, Ilam * Sarab Bagh * Sarab Gur-e Tuti * Sarab-e Kalak * Sarab-e Kalak, alternate name of Kalak-e Naqi * Sarab-e Kalan * Sarab-e Karzan * Sarab-e Noql * Sarab Rural District (Ilam Province) * Sarab Bagh District * Sarab Bagh Rural District Isfahan Province * Sarab, Isfahan, a village in Ardestan County Kerman Province * Sarab, Kerman, a village in Ji ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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