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Barakat I
Zayn al-Dīn Abū Zuhayr Barakāt ibn Ḥasan ibn ‘Ajlān al-Ḥasanī ( ar, زين الدين أبو زهير بركات بن حسن بن عجلان الحسني) was an Emir of Mecca. Early life Barakat was born in 801 Hijri year, AH (1398/1399) in al-Khushshafah near Jeddah. He was raised in Mecca by his father, the Emir of Mecca Hasan ibn Ajlan. Co-Emir of Mecca On the request of Sharif Hasan ibn Ajlan, Sultan An-Nasir Faraj, al-Nasir Faraj appointed Barakat as a co-Emir of Mecca in 809 AH (1407). In 811 AH the Sultan also appointed his brother Ahmad ibn Hasan ibn Ajlan, Ahmad ibn Hasan as a co-Emir of Mecca and made their father Vice Sultan in the Hejaz. In 818 AH (1416) the three Sharifs were deposed by Sultan al-Mu'ayyad Shaykh. In 819 AH Barakat met with the Sultan on his father's behalf and secured the latter's reappointment as Emir of Mecca. He himself returned to Mecca as co-Emir in 820 AH (1417). In Rabi al-Awwal 821 AH (April/May 1418) Hasan ordered his men to pled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emir Of Mecca
Emir (; ar, أمير ' ), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a long history of use in the Arab World, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. In the modern era, when used as a formal monarchical title, it is roughly synonymous with "prince", applicable both to a son of a hereditary monarch, and to a reigning monarch of a sovereign principality, namely an emirate. The feminine form is emira ( '), a cognate for "princess". Prior to its use as a monarchical title, the term "emir" was historically used to denote a "commander", "general", or "leader" (for example, Amir al-Mu'min). In contemporary usage, "emir" is also sometimes used as either an honorary or formal title for the head of an Islamic, or Arab (regardless of religion) organisation or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suez
Suez ( ar, السويس '; ) is a seaport city (population of about 750,000 ) in north-eastern Egypt, located on the north coast of the Gulf of Suez (a branch of the Red Sea), near the southern terminus of the Suez Canal, having the same boundaries as Suez Governorate. It has three harbours, Adabiya, Ain Sokhna and Port Tawfiq, and extensive port facilities. Together they form a metropolitan area, located mostly in Africa with a small portion in Asia. Railway lines and highways connect the city with Cairo, Port Said, and Ismailia. Suez has a petrochemical plant, and its oil refineries have pipelines carrying the finished product to Cairo. These are represented in the flag of the governorate: the blue background refers to the sea, the gear refers to Suez's status as an industrial governorate, and the flame refers to the petroleum firms of Suez. The modern city of Suez is a successor of the ancient city of Clysma (, meaning "surf, waves that break"; ; ), a major Red Sea por ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharifs Of Mecca
The Sharif of Mecca ( ar, شريف مكة, Sharīf Makkah) or Hejaz ( ar, شريف الحجاز, Sharīf al-Ḥijāz, links=no) was the title of the leader of the Sharifate of Mecca, traditional steward of the holy cities of Mecca and Medina and the surrounding Hejaz. The term ''sharif'' is Arabic for "noble", "highborn", and is used to describe the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's grandson al-Hassan ibn Ali. The Sharif was charged with protecting the cities and their environs and ensuring the safety of pilgrims performing the Hajj. The title is sometimes spelled Sheriff or Sherif, with the latter variant used, for example, by T. E. Lawrence in ''Seven Pillars of Wisdom''. The office of the Sharif of Mecca dates back to the late Abbasid era. Until 1200, the Sharifate was held by a member of the Hawashim clan, not to be confused with the larger clan of Banu Hashim from which all Sharifs claim descent. Descendants of the Banu Hashim continued to hold the position until the 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th-century People From The Mamluk Sultanate
The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian calendar, Julian dates from 1 January 1401 (Roman numerals, MCDI) to 31 December 1500 (Roman numerals, MD). In History of Europe, Europe, the 15th century includes parts of the Late Middle Ages, the Early Renaissance, and the early modern period. Many technological, social and cultural developments of the 15th century can in retrospect be seen as heralding the "European miracle" of the following centuries. The Perspective (graphical), architectural perspective, and the modern fields which are known today as banking and accounting were founded in Italy. The Hundred Years' War ended with a decisive Kingdom of France, French victory over the Kingdom of England, English in the Battle of Castillon. Financial troubles in England following the conflict resulted in the Wars of the Roses, a series of dynastic wars for the throne of England. The conflicts ended with the defeat of Richard III by Henry VII of England, Henry VII at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1455 Deaths
Year 1455 ( MCDLV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 8 – Pope Nicholas V publishes ''Romanus Pontifex'', an encyclical addressed to King Afonso V of Portugal, which sanctions the conquest of non-Christian lands, and the reduction of native non-Christian populations to 'perpetual slavery'. (Later there will be a dramatic reversal when, in 1537, the bull ''Sublimis Deus'' of Pope Paul III forbids the enslavement of non-Christians.) * February 23 – The Gutenberg Bible is the first book printed with movable type. * April 8 – Pope Calixtus III succeeds Pope Nicholas V, as the 209th pope. * Spring – The Wars of the Roses begin in England. * May 1 – Battle of Arkinholm: Forces loyal to King James II of Scotland defeat the supporters of the Earl of Douglas. * May 22 – First Battle of St Albans: Richard, Duke of York, defeats and captures ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1399 Births
Year 1399 ( MCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January – Timur the Lame captures and sacks Haridwar. * February 3 – John of Gaunt, uncle of King Richard II of England and father of Henry Bolingbroke, dies. * March 18 – Richard II of England cancels the legal documents allowing the exiled Henry Bolingbroke to inherit his father's lands. * July 4 – While Richard II of England is away on a military campaign in Ireland, Henry Bolingbroke, with exiled former archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Arundel as an advisor, returns to England and begins a military campaign to reclaim his confiscated lands. * August 6 – Prince of Yan (Zhu Di) of China starts a rebellion in Beijing. * August 12 – Battle of the Vorskla River: Mongol Golden Horde forces, led by Khan Temür Qutlugh and Emir Edigu, annihilate a crusading army led by former Golden Horde Kha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ibn Barakat
Muḥammad ibn Barakāt ibn Ḥasan ibn ‘Ajlān ( ar, محمد بن بركات بن حسن بن عجلان; 1437) was Sharif of Mecca from 1455 to 1497. As a vassal of the List of Mamluk sultans, Sultan of Egypt his authority extended over the entire Hejaz. He was born in Ramadan 840 Hijri year, AH (March/April 1437), the son of Barakat I, Sharif of Mecca. In 859 AH (1455) Barakat's health deteriorated, and he petitioned the Sultan to appoint his son as his replacement. Barakat died on Monday, 19 Sha'ban 859 AH (4 August 1455), and it so happened that the Sultan's reply—dated 16 Rajab 859 AH ()—arrived from Egypt the following day, accompanied by a robe of investiture (robe of honor, ''khil'ah'') for Sharif Muhammad. On 4 Shawwal () Muhammad received condolences from the Sultan and his formal decree of appointment (''tawqi''). In the year 878 AH (1473/1474) Sultan Qaitbay appointed Muhammad's son Barakat II, Barakat as co-regent. Sharif Muhammad died on 11 Muharram 90 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banu Qatada
The Banu Qatadah ( ar, بنو قتادة, Banū Qatādah, Sons of Qatadah), or the Qatadids ( ar, القتاديون, al-Qatādayūn), were a dynasty of Hasanid sharifs that held the Sharifate of Mecca continuously from 1201 until its abolition in 1925. The Qatadids were the last of four dynasties of Hasanid sharifs (preceded by the Jafarids/Musawids, Sulaymanids, and the Hawashim) that all together ruled Mecca since about the mid-10th century. The progenitor of the dynasty was Qatadah ibn Idris, who took possession of the holy city from the Hawashim in 1201. The Emirate remained in the possession of his descendants until 1925 when the last Sharif of Mecca, Ali ibn al-Husayn, surrendered the Kingdom of Hejaz to Ibn Saud, Sultan of Nejd. The House of Bolkiah, which rules Brunei, claims Qatadid descent and Sayyid status from their ancestor Sharif Ali Sharīf ʿAlī ibn ʿAjlān ibn Rumaithah ibn Muḥammad ( ar, ٱلشَّرِيْف عَلِي ٱبْن عَجْلَان ٱب ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madinah
Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the Holiest sites in Islam, second-holiest city in Islam, and the capital of the Medina Province (Saudi Arabia), Medina Province of Saudi Arabia. , the estimated population of the city is 1,488,782, making it the List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia, fourth-most populous city in the country. Located at the core of the Medina Province in the western reaches of the country, the city is distributed over , of which constitutes the city's urban area, while the rest is occupied by the Hijaz Mountains, Hejaz Mountains, empty valleys, Agriculture in Saudi Arabia, agricultural spaces and older dormant volcanoes. Medina is generally considered to be the "cradle of Islamic culture and civilization". The city is considered to be the second-holiest of three key cities in Islamic tradition, with Mecca and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makkah
Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above sea level. Its last recorded population was 1,578,722 in 2015. Its estimated metro population in 2020 is 2.042million, making it the third-most populated city in Saudi Arabia after Riyadh and Jeddah. Pilgrims more than triple this number every year during the pilgrimage, observed in the twelfth Hijri month of . Mecca is generally considered "the fountainhead and cradle of Islam". Mecca is revered in Islam as the birthplace of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The Hira cave atop the ("Mountain of Light"), just outside the city, is where Muslims believe the Quran was first revealed to Muhammad. Visiting Mecca for the is an obligation upon all able Muslims. The Great Mosque of Mecca, known as the , is home to the Ka'bah, believ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banjaliyah Madrasah
The Bangaliyyah Madrasah ( ar, المدرسة البنجالية, al-Madrasah al-Banjāliyyah), refers to the madrasas constructed in Hejaz during the 14th-15th century by the Bengal Sultanate, Sultans of Bengal. Part of a history of interactions between the Bengal Sultanate and Sharifate of Mecca, an account of these can be found in the Tarikh Makkah (History of Makkah). History Ghiyathiyyah madrasas Sultan Ghiyathuddin Azam Shah founded two institutes in Makkah and Madinah during his reign in Bengal from 1390 to 1411. The Madrasah as-Sultaniyyah al-Ghiyathiyyah al-Banjaliyah ( ar, المدرسة السلطانية الغياثية البنجالية) of Makkah was located near the gate of Fakhitah bint Abi Talib, Umm Hani of Masjid al-Haram. Construction began in Ramadan 1411 CE and was completed in 1412 CE. It was the first madrasa in Makkah to teach all four madhhabs. The Hanafi and Shafiʽi school, Shafiʽi school had twenty students each, while the Hanbali and Maliki schools h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengalis
Bengalis (singular Bengali bn, বাঙ্গালী/বাঙালি ), also rendered as Bangalee or the Bengali people, are an Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the Bengal region of South Asia. The current population is divided between the independent country Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and parts of Assam, Meghalaya and Manipur. Most of them speak Bengali language, Bengali, a language from the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language family. Bengalis are the List of contemporary ethnic groups, third-largest ethnic group in the world, after the Han Chinese and Arabs. Thus, they are the largest ethnic group within the Indo-Europeans and the largest ethnic group in South Asia. Apart from Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura, Manipur, and Assam's Barak Valley, Bengali-majority populations also reside in India's union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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