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Baotai
Baotai (保泰; 13 May 1682 – 29 September 1730), formally known as Prince Yu (裕), Prince Yu of the First Rank (裕親王), was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty, Qing Dynasty. He was the son of Fuquan, Prince Yu, Fuquan and the grandson of Shunzhi Emperor, Emperor Shunzi. Family Parents * Father: Fuquan, Prince Yu, Fuquan, Prince Yuxian of the First Rank裕憲親王 福全; 8 September 1653 – 10 August 1703), second son of Emperor Shunzi * Mother: Secondary consort, of the Gūwalgiya clan (側福晉 瓜爾佳氏) Consorts and their respectives issue(s): * Primary Consort, of the Menggiya clan (嫡妻孟佳氏) ** Guangshan (广善, 20 August 1697 – 22 October 1745), Heir Son (世子), first son ** Guang' en (广恩, 27 October 1699 – 24 June 1739), second son ** Guanghua (广华, 16 October 1704 – 1741, Duke of the Second Rank (奉恩輔國公), third son * Second Primary Consort, of the Gūwalgiya clan (繼妻瓜爾佳氏) ** Guangyu (广裕, 14 June 17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Yu (裕)
Prince Yu of the First Rank, or simply Prince Yu, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Yu peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank ''vis-à-vis'' that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a ''feng'en fuguo gong'' except under special circumstances. The first bearer of the title was Fuquan (1653–1703), the Shunzhi Emperor's second son. In 1667, Fuquan was granted the title "Prince Yu of the First Rank" by his third brother, the Kangxi Emperor. The peerage was passed down over ten generations and held by 12 persons. Members of the Prince Yu peerage * Fuquan (1653 – 1703) (1st), the Shunzhi Emperor's second son, held the title Prince Yu of the First Rank from 1667 to 1703, posthumously honoured as Prince Yu Xian of the First Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuquan, Prince Yu
Fuquan （ (8 September 1653 – 10 August 1703), formally known as Prince Yu, was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty. He was the second son of the Shunzhi Emperor and a half-brother of the Kangxi Emperor. Life Fuquan was born in the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan as the second son of the Shunzhi Emperor. His mother was Consort Ningque (寧愨妃) from the Donggo (董鄂) clan. Fuquan was conferred the title of "Prince Yu of the First Rank" (裕親王) on February 6, 1671. In August 1690, the Kangxi Emperor granted Fuquan the title of "Generalissimo Who Pacifies Distant Lands" (撫遠大將軍) and sent him to lead a campaign against Galdan Boshugtu Khan, leader of the Dzungar Khanate. Assisted by the Kangxi Emperor's eldest son Yinzhi, Fuquan took his army north through the Gubeikou pass while his brother Changning led his troops through another pass, planning to converge on Galdan's position. Fuquan met and attacked Galdan at Ulan Butung (350 kilometers north of Beijing) on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gūwalgiya
Gūwalgiya (Manchu Chinese: ; ) was one of the most powerful Manchu clans. It is often listed by historians as the first of the eight prominent Manchu clans of the Qing dynasty. After the demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to the Han Chinese surname ''Guan'' (關). Notable figures Males * Fiongdon (; 1562–1620), close associate of Nurhaci ** Huisai (; d. 1651), Fiongdon's grandson *** Fuzhen (d. 1909), Huisai's descendant * Oboi (1610–1669), Fiongdon's nephew; served as one of the Four Regents of the Kangxi Emperor * Nardu (; d. 1676), Oboi's nephew * Bahai (d. 1696), early Qing dynasty general * Wenxiang (1818–1876), late Qing dynasty statesman * Ronglu (1836–1903), late Qing dynasty mandarin, major confidant of Empress Dowager Cixi * Guan Xiangying (; 1902–1946), Communist fighter, leader of the Communist Youth League of China * Kwan Shan (1933–2012), Hong Kong actor * John Kuan (born 1940), Kuomintang politician in Taiwan ; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manchu Name
Manchu names are the names of the Manchu people in their own language. In addition to such names, most modern Manchus live in China and possess Chinese names. Traditionally, Manchus were called only by their given names in daily life although each belonged to a clan with its own clan name (Manchu: ''hala''). Each clan would be divided into several sub-clans (''mukūn''), but these did not have separate names. Given names Manchus given names are distinctive. Generally, there are several forms, such as bearing suffixes "-ngga", "-ngge" or "-nggo", meaning "having the quality of"; bearing the suffixes "-tai" or "-tu", meaning "having"; bearing the suffix, "-ju", "-boo"; numerals or animal names. Manchu given names were used solely or with titles but not with clan names. For example, Fiyanggū, who was from the Donggo clan, belonged to the Manchu Plain White Banner and distinguished himself in the campaigns against the Dzungars, was usually called "Fiyanggū be" (Lord Fiyanggū) s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aisin Gioro
The House of Aisin-Gioro was a Manchu clan that ruled the Later Jin dynasty (1616–1636), the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), and Manchukuo (1932–1945) in the history of China. Under the Ming dynasty, members of the Aisin Gioro clan served as chiefs of the Jianzhou Jurchens, one of the three major Jurchen tribes at this time. Qing bannermen passed through the gates of the Great Wall in 1644, conquered the short-lived Shun dynasty and the Southern Ming dynasty. The Qing dynasty later expanded into other adjacent regions, including Xinjiang, Tibet, Outer Mongolia, and Taiwan, gaining total control of China. The dynasty reached its zenith during the High Qing era and under the Qianlong Emperor, who reigned from 1735 to 1796. This reign was followed by a century of gradual decline. The house lost power in 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution. Puyi, the last Aisin-Gioro emperor, nominally maintained his imperial title in the Forbidden City until the Articles of Favourable Treatm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manchu
The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name. The Later Jin (1616–1636) and Qing (1636–1912) dynasties of China were established and ruled by the Manchus, who are descended from the Jurchen people who earlier established the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) in northern China. Manchus form the largest branch of the Tungusic peoples and are distributed throughout China, forming the fourth largest ethnic group in the country. They can be found in 31 Chinese provincial regions. Among them, Liaoning has the largest population and Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Beijing have over 100,000 Manchu residents. About half of the population live in Liaoning and one-fifth in Hebei. There are a number of Manchu autonomous counties in China, such as Xinbin, Xiuyan, Qinglong, Fengning, Yitong, Qingyuan, Weichang, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speaking ethnic group who unified other Jurchen tribes to form a new "Manchu" ethnic identity. The dynasty was officially proclaimed in 1636 in Manchuria (modern-day Northeast China and Outer Manchuria). It seized control of Beijing in 1644, then later expanded its rule over the whole of China proper and Taiwan, and finally expanded into Inner Asia. The dynasty lasted until 1912 when it was overthrown in the Xinhai Revolution. In orthodox Chinese historiography, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China. The multiethnic Qing dynasty lasted for almost three centuries and assembled the territorial base for modern China. It was the largest imperial dynasty in the history of China and in 1790 the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shunzhi Emperor
The Shunzhi Emperor (15 March 1638 – 5 February 1661) was the second Emperor of China, emperor of the Qing dynasty of China, and the first Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1644 to 1661. A Deliberative Council of Princes and Ministers, committee of Manchu princes chose him to succeed his father, Hong Taiji (1592–1643), in September 1643, when he was five years old. The princes also appointed two co-regents: Dorgon (1612–1650), the 14th son of the Qing dynasty's founder Nurhaci (1559–1626), and Jirgalang (1599–1655), one of Nurhaci's nephews, both of whom were members of the Aisin Gioro, Qing imperial clan. From 1643 to 1650, political power lay mostly in the hands of Dorgon. Under his leadership, the Qing Empire conquered most of the territory of the fallen Ming dynasty (1368–1644), chased Southern Ming, Ming loyalist regimes deep into the southwestern provinces, and established the basis of Qing rule over China proper despite highly unpopular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhism
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gradually spread throughout much of Asia via the Silk Road. It is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 520 million followers (Buddhists) who comprise seven percent of the global population. The Buddha taught the Middle Way, a path of spiritual development that avoids both extreme asceticism and hedonism. It aims at liberation from clinging and craving to things which are impermanent (), incapable of satisfying ('), and without a lasting essence (), ending the cycle of death and rebirth (). A summary of this path is expressed in the Noble Eightfold Path, a training of the mind with observance of Buddhist ethics and meditation. Other widely observed practices include: monasticism; " taking refuge" in the Buddha, the , and the ; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confucianism
Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China. Variously described as tradition, a philosophy, a religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, a way of governing, or a way of life, Confucianism developed from what was later called the Hundred Schools of Thought from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius (551–479 BCE). Confucius considered himself a transmitter of cultural values inherited from the Xia (c. 2070–1600 BCE), Shang (c. 1600–1046 BCE) and Western Zhou dynasties (c. 1046–771 BCE). Confucianism was suppressed during the Legalist and autocratic Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE), but survived. During the Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE), Confucian approaches edged out the "proto-Taoist" Huang–Lao as the official ideology, while the emperors mixed both with the realist techniques of Legalism. A Confucian revival began during the Tang dynasty (618–907 CE). In the late Tang, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Šumuru
Šumuru (Manchu: ; ) was one of the eight great clans of Manchu nobility. After the demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to the Chinese surnames '' Shu'' (舒), '' Xu'' (徐) or '' Xiao'' (蕭). Notable figures Males * Yangguri (; 1572–1637), military figure and prince ** Tatai (塔台) ***Aixinga (d. 1664), Yangguri's grandson; coadjutor in the invasion of Burma * Tantai (), Yangguri's cousin * Fushan (富善), Aixinga's son, first-class duke ** Haijin (海金), Fushan's son *** Fengsheng'e (丰盛额), a first rank military official (都统) and held the title of first-class Yingcheng duke (一等英诚公) **** Feng'an (丰安), held the title of first-class Yingcheng duke (一等英诚公) * Folun (; d. 1701), served as the Minister of Works from 1686–1687 * Xu Yuanmeng (; 1655–1741), scholar and politician ** Xu Chengyi (徐诚意), served as an official (领催，pinyin: lingcui) * Lunbu (伦布) *Yuzhang (玉彰), served as fifth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhao Erxun
Zhao Erxun (23 May 1844 – 3 September 1927), courtesy name Cishan, art name Wubu, was a Chinese political and military officeholder who lived in the late Qing dynasty. He served in numerous high-ranking positions under the Qing government, including Viceroy of Sichuan, Viceroy of Huguang, and Viceroy of the Three Northeast Provinces. After the fall of the Qing dynasty, he became a historian and was the lead editor of the ''Draft History of Qing'' (''Qing Shi Gao''). Life Early career Zhao's ancestral roots were in Tieling, Fengtian Province (present-day Liaoning Province). His family was under the Plain Blue Banner of the Han Chinese Eight Banners. He sat for the provincial-level imperial examination in 1867 and obtained the position of a ''juren''. In 1874, he sat for the palace-level examination and emerged as a ''jinshi'', after which he was admitted to the Hanlin Academy as a ''bianxiu'' (編修; compiler and editor). The first position Zhao held was an assistant exam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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