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Baba Hassan
Baba Hassan was a Dey of Algiers, from 1682 to 1683. As the Dey of Algiers He assumed control after Mohammed Trik, the previous dey, and an elderly Corsair left politics, and gave the title of Dey to him in 1677. He was officially announced as ruler in 1682. He waged war against France, but after the Bombardment of Algiers in 1683, he was forced to capitulate. The Diwan of Algiers did not accept this decision. Another rais called Mezzo Morto Hüseyin Pasha killed him in the Palace of Jenina Dar Aziza is a 16th-century Moorish palace located in the Casbah of Algiers in Algeria. Today, it houses the National Agency of Archaeology and Protection of Historic Sites and Monuments. Dar Aziza, arguably the most iconic surviving building of i ..., taking away powers from him, and assuming the role of dey. References Sources * {{cite book , first=Mahfoud , last=Kaddache , author-link=Mahfoud Kaddache , title=L'Algérie des Algériens , publisher=Société nationale d'édition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Governors And Rulers Of The Regency Of Algiers
This is a list of the Beylerbeys, Pashas and Deys of the Regency of Algiers: Beylerbeys (1517-1576) * Oruç Barbarossa 1517-1518 * Barbaros Hayrettin Pasha Khidr Reis 1518-1545 **Hasan Agha 1535-1543 ** Hadji Pacha 1543-1544 * Hasan Pasha 1545-1552 (son of Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha) * Caïd Saffa 1551 (for seven months) *Salah Rais 1552-1556 **Hasan Corso 1556 * Muhammad Kurdogli 1556 **Yusuf I 1556 ** Yahyia Pasha 1557 * Hasan Pasha (second time) 1557-1561 ** Ahmed Bostandji 1561-1562 * Hasan Pasha (third time) 1562-1566 *Muhammad I Pasha 1566-1568 (son of Salah Rais) * Kılıç Ali Paşa 1568-1571 ** Arab Ahmed Pasha 1571-1573 **Ramdan Pasha 1573-1576 Pashas (1576-1659) * Hassan III 1576-1580 * Djafar Pasha 1580-1581 *Hassan III (second time) 1581-1584 * Mami Muhammad Pasha 1584-1586 * Dali Ahmed Pasha 1586 *Hassan III (third time) 1586-1588 * Hızır Pasha 1588-1591 * Hadji Shaban Pasha 1591-1593 *Mustapha Pasha 1593-1594 *Kader Pasha (second time) 1594-1595 *Mustapha II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Jure
In law and government, ''de jure'' ( ; , "by law") describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. In contrast, ("in fact") describes situations that exist in reality, even if not legally recognized. Examples Between 1805 and 1914, the ruling dynasty of Egypt were subject to the rulers of the Ottoman Empire, but acted as de facto independent rulers who maintained a polite fiction of Ottoman suzerainty. However, starting from around 1882, the rulers had only de jure rule over Egypt, as it had by then become a British puppet state. Thus, by Ottoman law, Egypt was de jure a province of the Ottoman Empire, but de facto was part of the British Empire. In U.S. law, particularly after ''Brown v. Board of Education'' (1954), the difference between de facto segregation (segregation that existed because of the voluntary associations and neighborhoods) and de jure segregation (segregation that existed because of local laws that m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Facto
''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''de jure'' ("by law"), which refers to things that happen according to official law, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. History In jurisprudence, it mainly means "practiced, but not necessarily defined by law" or "practiced or is valid, but not officially established". Basically, this expression is opposed to the concept of "de jure" (which means "as defined by law") when it comes to law, management or technology (such as standards) in the case of creation, development or application of "without" or "against" instructions, but in accordance with "with practice". When legal situations are discussed, "de jure" means "expressed by law", while "de facto" means action or what is practiced. Similar expressions: "essentially", "unofficial", "in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammed Trik
Mohammed Trik (died 1682) was an Ottoman official. He was the Dey of Algiers Algiers ( ; ar, الجزائر, al-Jazāʾir; ber, Dzayer, script=Latn; french: Alger, ) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 Census was 2,988,145Census 14 April 2008: Office National des Statistiques ... from 1671 to 1682. He was the first dey of Algiers. He reduced Ottoman authority to a ceremonial role, and ousted the Janissary aghas with the help of the Raises. In a report from 1676, he is noted to have been married to a former slave concubine, described as a "cunning covetous English woman, who would sell her soule for a Bribe", with whom the English viewed it as "chargeable to bee kept in her favour… for Countrysake".Bekkaoui, Khalid., White women captives in North Africa. Narratives of enslavement, 1735-1830, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2010, p. 172 References Sources * Deys of Algiers Slave owners Year of birth missing 1682 deat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mezzo Morto Hüseyin Pasha
Hussein Mezzomorto ( tr, Mezamorta Hüseyin Paşa; died 1701) or Hajji Husain Mezzomorto ( tr, Hacı Hüseyin Mezamorta) was an Ottoman privateer, bey (governor), and finally Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) of the Ottoman Navy. His epithet ''mezzomorto'' is the Italian for "half-dead" and was acquired during a fight with the Spaniards,Orhonlu, C. "Hadjdji Husayn Pasha." ''Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition''. Vol. III. Ed. B. Lewis, V.L. Menage, Ch. Pellat and J. Schacht. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1971. p. 629. when he was gravely injured. Biography Possibly Turkİsmail Hâmi Danişmend, ''Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı'', pp. 172 ff. Türkiye Yayınevi (Istanbul), 1971. or a converted Christian from Mallorca,Panzac, Daniel. ''La Marine ottomane. De l’apogée à la chute de l’Empire (1572-1923)''. Mezzomorto was mentioned as a captain in 1674. He rose to prominence during the French attacks on Algiers in the early 1680s. He was present for Abraham Duquesne's 1682 bombardment and com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palace Of Jenina
Dar Aziza is a 16th-century Moorish palace located in the Casbah of Algiers in Algeria. Today, it houses the National Agency of Archaeology and Protection of Historic Sites and Monuments. Dar Aziza, arguably the most iconic surviving building of its era in Algiers, was part of a large governmental compound known as Janina Palace, which existed before the arrival of Turkish corsairs. History Dar Aziza was part of a large governmental compound known as Janina Palace, which existed before the arrival of Turkish corsairs. It is believed to have been built at some time in the 16th century, though its surrounding environment was significantly modified after the advent of French colonial rule. In the Ottoman period, it would have served to lodge foreign embassies and, in particular, the Fathers of the Order of Mercy who came to negotiate the redemption of Christian captives. According to a 1721 document, the building had three floors before losing one in the 1716 earthquake. Accord ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algiers
Algiers ( ; ar, الجزائر, al-Jazāʾir; ber, Dzayer, script=Latn; french: Alger, ) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 Census was 2,988,145Census 14 April 2008: Office National des Statistiques de l'Algérie (web). and in 2020 was estimated to be around 4,500,000. Algiers is located on the Mediterranean Sea and in the north-central portion of Algeria. Algiers is situated on the west side of a bay of the Mediterranean Sea. The modern part of the city is built on the level ground by the seashore; the old part, the ancient city of the deys, climbs the steep hill behind the modern town and is crowned by the Casbah or citadel (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), above the sea. The casbah and the two quays form a triangle. Names The city's name is derived via French and Catalan ''Origins of Algiers'' by Louis Leschi, speech delivered June 16, 1941, published in ''El Djezair Sheets'', July 194History of Algeria . from the Arabic name '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regency Of Algiers
The Regency of Algiers ( ar, دولة الجزائر, translit=Dawlat al-Jaza'ir) was a state in North Africa lasting from 1516 to 1830, until it was conquered by the French. Situated between the regency of Tunis in the east, the Sultanate of Morocco (from 1553) in the west and Tuat as well as the country south of In Salah in the south (and the Spanish and Portuguese possessions of North Africa), the Regency originally extended its borders from La Calle in the east to Trara in the west and from Algiers to Biskra, and afterwards spread to the present eastern and western borders of Algeria. It had various degrees of autonomy throughout its existence, in some cases reaching complete independence, recognized even by the Ottoman sultan. The country was initially governed by governors appointed by the Ottoman sultan (1518–1659), rulers appointed by the Odjak of Algiers (1659–1710), and then Deys elected by the Divan of Algiers from (1710-1830). History Establishment Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbary Pirates
The Barbary pirates, or Barbary corsairs or Ottoman corsairs, were Muslim pirates and privateers who operated from North Africa, based primarily in the ports of Salé, Rabat, Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli, Libya, Tripoli. This area was known in Europe as the Barbary Coast, in reference to the Berbers. Their predation extended throughout the Mediterranean, south along West Africa's Atlantic seaboard and into the North Atlantic as far north as Turkish Abductions, Iceland, but they primarily operated in the western Mediterranean. In addition to seizing merchant ships, they engaged in ''Razzia (military), Razzias'', raids on European coastal towns and villages, mainly in Italy, France, Spain and Portugal, but also in the British Isles, the Netherlands and Iceland. The main purpose of their attacks was to capture slaves for the Slavery in the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman slave trade as well as the general Arab slavery market in North Africa and the Middle East. Slaves in Barbary could be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French-Algerian War 1681–88
Algerians in France are people of Algerian descent or nationality living in France. People of Algerian origin account for a large sector of the total population in France. Some immigrated during colonial rule in Algeria starting in the 1920s, and large numbers chose to emigrate to France from the 1960s onwards due to political turmoil in Algeria. Demographics The 2011 Census recorded 465,849 Algerian-born people. Migration The migration of Algerians to France happened in multiple waves: from 1913–1921, from 1922–1939, and from 1940–1954. During the years of 1947–1953, specifically, France saw a large influx of Maghrebi immigrants. Legal Algerian immigrants numbered 740,000 between these years In the 1950s, the French government began encouraging Algerian migration, as a result of pressure from businesses. This pressure was partly caused by the lack of workers in post-WWII France (Germain 23). In December 1958, they instit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombardment Of Algiers (1683)
The bombardment of Algiers in 1683 was a French naval operation against the Regency of Algiers during the French-Algerian War 1681–88. It led to the rescue of more than 100 French prisoners, in some cases after decades of captivity, but the great majority of Christian captives in Algiers were not liberated. Background The previous year, Louis XIV had ordered Duquesne to bombard Algiers after the Dey declared war on France. At the head of a forty-strong fleet, Duquesne sailed to Algiers in July 1682, but bad weather delayed his attack. After several bombardments in August, the city suffered serious damage, but bad weather prevented the signing of a conclusive peace agreement, forcing Duquesne to return to France. In the Spring of 1683, Duquesne set to sea once again with a fleet of 17 ships of the line, 3 frigates, 16 galleys, 7 bomb galiots, 48 longboats, 18 fluyts and 8 tartanes. This was a larger force than had been sent to Algiers the previous year. As well as being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diwan Of Algiers
Diwan and divan are variant terms originally used in Persian, Arabic, and Turkish with derivates in other Asian and European languages such as diwaan, dewan, etc. (see etymology sections at Divan, Diwan (poetry) and Dewan). These terms may refer to: Arts and entertainment *Diwan (poetry), a collection of Persian, Arabic, Turkish, or Urdu poetry ** ''Diwan'' (Nasir Khusraw) by Nasir Khusraw **''Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi'' by Rumi **'' West-östlicher Divan'' by Goethe *''Diwân'', a 1998 album by Rachid Taha *''Diwan 2'', a 2006 album by Rachid Taha * ''Diwan'' (film), a 2003 Tamil film *Diwan, a character in the anime series ''Skyland'' * West-Eastern Divan Orchestra, a Middle Eastern music ensemble founded by Daniel Barenboim and Edward Said Buildings *Diwan-khane, guest house of the tribal chieftain in the tribal Middle Eastern, Arab, Persian, or Kurdish society *Divan (Mughal architecture), a type of audience hall in Mughal palaces *Diwaniya, a formal sitting room in Gulf Arab hou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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