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Archipolypoda
Archipolypoda is an extinct group of millipedes known from fossils in Europe and North America and containing the earliest known land animals. The Archipolypoda was erected by Scudder (1882) but redefined in 2005 with the description of several new species from Scotland. Distinguishing characteristics include relatively large eyes with densely packed ocelli (sometimes interpreted as compound eyes), and modified leg pairs on the 8th body ring. Some species had prominent spines while others had a flattened appearance. Classification The Archipolypoda as currently recognized consists of four orders, many with monotypic families and genera, as well as five species of uncertain placement (''incertae sedis''). Archidesmida Wilson & Anderson, 2004 * Archidesmidae Scudder, 1885 **'' Archidesmus macnicoli'' Peach, 1882. Lower Devonian, Scotland * Zanclodesmidae Wilson, Daeschler & Desbiens, 2005 **'' Zanclodesmus willetti'' Wilson, Daeschler & Desbiens, 2005. Upper Devonian, Q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphoberiida
Euphoberiidae is an extinct family of archipolypodan millipedes known from the Upper Pennsylvanian of Europe and North America. The family includes relatively large millipedes measuring up to long bearing distinctive spines and were the dominant millipedes of the Pennsylvanian.Shear, William A. (1997The fossil record and evolution of the Myriapoda In: Fortey, R. A., Thomas, R. H. (Eds.), ''Arthropod Relationships''. Systematics Association Special Volume 55. Chapman & Hall, London, pp. 211–219 Description Euphoberiids are characterized by sets of outward-pointing spines on each diplosegment (body ring), one pair extending laterally (to the sides), the other pair higher on the body. At the base of each lateral spine is an ozopore An ozopore is the opening of a defensive gland present in some arthropods, notably in millipedes of the order Polydesmida [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaeosomatida
''Palaeosoma'' is an extinct genus of archipolypodan millipedes from the upper Carboniferous of England and Poland. Individuals grew to nearly long and possessed defensive glands ( ozopores) located on small raised nodes on the outer edges of the upper surface of each body segment. Species of ''Palaeosoma'' were once considered members of the family Euphoberiidae, which contains species with prominent spines, but are now classified in their own family (Paleosomatidae) and own order (Palaeosomatida), as they lack spines and have a combination of features not seen in other Paleozoic The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. The name ''Paleozoic'' ( ;) was coined by the British geologist Adam Sedgwick in 1838 by combining the Greek words ''palaiós'' (, "old") and ' ... millipedes.Hannibal, J. (2005A new occurrence of the millipede ''Palaeosoma'' (Archipolypoda) in the Carboniferous of Silesia, Poland, and its implica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archipolypoda Cross-section
Archipolypoda is an extinct group of millipedes known from fossils in Europe and North America and containing the earliest known land animals. The Archipolypoda was erected by Scudder (1882) but redefined in 2005 with the description of several new species from Scotland. Distinguishing characteristics include relatively large eyes with densely packed ocelli (sometimes interpreted as compound eyes), and modified leg pairs on the 8th body ring. Some species had prominent spines while others had a flattened appearance. Classification The Archipolypoda as currently recognized consists of four orders, many with monotypic families and genera, as well as five species of uncertain placement (''incertae sedis''). Archidesmida Wilson & Anderson, 2004 * Archidesmidae Scudder, 1885 **'' Archidesmus macnicoli'' Peach, 1882. Lower Devonian, Scotland * Zanclodesmidae Wilson, Daeschler & Desbiens, 2005 **'' Zanclodesmus willetti'' Wilson, Daeschler & Desbiens, 2005. Upper Devonian, Queb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Millipedes
Millipedes are a group of arthropods that are characterised by having two pairs of jointed legs on most body segments; they are known scientifically as the class Diplopoda, the name derived from this feature. Each double-legged segment is a result of two single segments fused together. Most millipedes have very elongated cylindrical or flattened bodies with more than 20 segments, while pill millipedes are shorter and can roll into a tight ball. Although the name "millipede" derives from the Latin for "thousand feet", no species was known to have 1,000 or more until the discovery of '' Eumillipes persephone'', which can have over 1,300 legs. There are approximately 12,000 named species classified into 16 orders and around 140 families, making Diplopoda the largest class of myriapods, an arthropod group which also includes centipedes and other multi-legged creatures. Most millipedes are slow-moving detritivores, eating decaying leaves and other dead plant matter. Some eat fungi o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zanclodesmus
''Zanclodesmus willetti'' is an extinct species of archipolypodan millipede that lived in the Late Devonian period of North America, approximately 380 million years ago. It was described in 2005 based on a fossil discovered in the Escuminac Formation of Quebec, Canada two years prior. It was approximately long and 10 mm wide with 27 body segments, and had kidney shaped patches of ocelli (simple eyes). Each trunk segment had long, sickle-shaped extensions ( paranota) projecting laterally, and was decorated on the dorsal surface with low rectangular bosses ("bumps") bordered by crescent-shaped bosses. The genus name ''Zanclodesmus'' derives from Greek ''Zanklon'', meaning "sickle", in reference to the long, curved paranota, and ''desmus'', a common root word in millipedes. The species name ''willietti'' honors Miguasha National Park warden Jason Willett, who discovered the fossil. References External links ''Zanclodesmus'' fossil imagefrom Miguasha National Park Miguasha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphoberiidae
Euphoberiidae is an extinct family of archipolypodan millipedes known from the Upper Pennsylvanian of Europe and North America. The family includes relatively large millipedes measuring up to long bearing distinctive spines and were the dominant millipedes of the Pennsylvanian.Shear, William A. (1997The fossil record and evolution of the Myriapoda In: Fortey, R. A., Thomas, R. H. (Eds.), ''Arthropod Relationships''. Systematics Association Special Volume 55. Chapman & Hall, London, pp. 211–219 Description Euphoberiids are characterized by sets of outward-pointing spines on each diplosegment (body ring), one pair extending laterally (to the sides), the other pair higher on the body. At the base of each lateral spine is an ozopore, or defensive gland opening. Species of '' Acantherpestes'' and ''Euphoberia'' have cylindrical bodies, while those of ''Myriacantherpestes ''Myriacantherpestes'' is an extinct genus of spiny millipedes from the Pennsylvanian subperiod of the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Hubbard Scudder
Samuel Hubbard Scudder (April 13, 1837 – May 17, 1911) was an American entomologist and paleontologist. He was a leading figure in entomology during his lifetime and the founder of insect paleontology in America. In addition to fossil insects, he was an authority on butterflies (Lepidoptera) and grasshoppers (Orthoptera). Biography Scudder was born on April 13, 1837, in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Charles Scudder and Sarah Lathrop (Coit) Scudder. His father was a successful merchant, and both parents had Puritan roots dating back to the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the 1620s. He was raised in a strict Calvinist Congregational household.Leach (2013) One of his younger brothers, Horace Scudder, became a noted author and editor of the ''Atlantic Monthly'',Cockerell (1911) while his niece Vida Dutton Scudder was a writer and social activist. Scudder attended Boston Latin School, and then enrolled in Williams College in 1853 at the age of 16. He studied with na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cowiedesmidae
''Cowiedesmus'' is an extinct millipede genus known from the middle Silurian of Scotland, and is one of the earliest known land animals. ''Cowiedesmus'' was about 4 cm (1.6 in) long and characterized by a greatly enlarged pair of legs on the 8th segment which may have been used in clasping females or functioned as gonopods (modified legs used to insert sperm during mating). ''Coweiedesmus'' is distinct enough from other living and fossil millipedes to be placed in its own order, Cowiedesmida. The only known species, ''C. eroticopodus'', was described in 2004. The name ''Cowiedesmus'' references the Cowie Formation, a geological formation at Cowie Harbor, near the village of Stonehaven Stonehaven ( , ) is a town in Scotland. It lies on Scotland's northeast coast and had a population of 11,602 at the 2011 Census. After the demise of the town of Kincardine, which was gradually abandoned after the destruction of its royal cast ..., Scotland, where the fossil was fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quebec, Canada
Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is the largest province by area and the second-largest by population. Much of the population lives in urban areas along the St. Lawrence River, between the most populous city, Montreal, and the provincial capital, Quebec City. Quebec is the home of the Québécois nation. Located in Central Canada, the province shares land borders with Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, New Brunswick to the southeast, and a coastal border with Nunavut; in the south it borders Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York in the United States. Between 1534 and 1763, Quebec was called ''Canada'' and was the most developed colony in New France. Following the Seven Years' War, Quebec became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, Maryland to its south, West Virginia to its southwest, Ohio to its west, Lake Erie and the Canadian province of Ontario to its northwest, New York to its north, and the Delaware River and New Jersey to its east. Pennsylvania is the fifth-most populous state in the nation with over 13 million residents as of 2020. It is the 33rd-largest state by area and ranks ninth among all states in population density. The southeastern Delaware Valley metropolitan area comprises and surrounds Philadelphia, the state's largest and nation's sixth most populous city. Another 2.37 million reside in Greater Pittsburgh in the southwest, centered around Pittsburgh, the state's second-largest and Western Pennsylvania's largest city. The state's su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Carboniferous
Upper may refer to: * Shoe upper or ''vamp'', the part of a shoe on the top of the foot * Stimulant Stimulants (also often referred to as psychostimulants or colloquially as uppers) is an overarching term that covers many drugs including those that increase activity of the central nervous system and the body, drugs that are pleasurable and inv ..., drugs which induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical function or both * ''Upper'', the original film title for the 2013 found footage film ''The Upper Footage'' See also {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
