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Apophthegmata Patrum
The ''Sayings of the Desert Fathers'' ( la, Apophthegmata Patrum Aegyptiorum; el, ἀποφθέγματα τῶν πατέρων, translit=Apophthégmata tōn Patérōn) is the name given to various textual collections consisting of stories and sayings attributed to the Desert Fathers and Desert Mothers from approximately the 5th century AD. The collections consist of wisdom stories describing the spiritual practices and experiences of early Christian hermits living in the desert of Egypt. They are typically in the form of a conversation between a younger monk and his spiritual father, or as advice given to visitors. Beginning as an oral tradition in the Coptic language, they were only later written down as Greek text. The stories were extremely popular among early Christian monks, and appeared in various forms and collections. The original sayings were passed down from monk to monk, though in their current version most simply describe the stories in the form of "Abba X said.... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sogdian Christian Text Written In Estrangelo
Sogdian may refer to: * anything pertaining to Sogdia / Sogdiana * Sogdian language * Sogdian alphabet * Sogdian people * Sogdian (Unicode block) See also * Old Sogdian (Unicode block), a separate Unicode block * Sogdian Rock The Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes, a fortress located north of Bactria in Sogdiana (near Samarkand), ruled by Arimazes, was captured by the forces of Alexander the Great in the early spring of 327 BC as part of his conquest of the Achaemen ..., a fortress in Sogdia {{Disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greek Language
Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek Dark Ages, Dark Ages (), the Archaic Greece, Archaic period (), and the Classical Greece, Classical period (). Ancient Greek was the language of Homer and of fifth-century Athens, fifth-century Athenian historians, playwrights, and Ancient Greek philosophy, philosophers. It has contributed many words to English vocabulary and has been a standard subject of study in educational institutions of the Western world since the Renaissance. This article primarily contains information about the Homeric Greek, Epic and Classical periods of the language. From the Hellenistic period (), Ancient Greek was followed by Koine Greek, which is regarded as a separate historical stage, although its earliest form closely resembles Attic Greek and its latest form a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesuit
, image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders = , founding_location = , type = Order of clerics regular of pontifical right (for men) , headquarters = Generalate:Borgo S. Spirito 4, 00195 Roma-Prati, Italy , coords = , region_served = Worldwide , num_members = 14,839 members (includes 10,721 priests) as of 2020 , leader_title = Motto , leader_name = la, Ad Majorem Dei GloriamEnglish: ''For the Greater Glory of God'' , leader_title2 = Superior General , leader_name2 = Fr. Arturo Sosa, SJ , leader_title3 = Patron saints , leader_name3 = , leader_title4 = Ministry , leader_name4 = Missionary, educational, literary works , main_organ = La Civiltà Cattolica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paschasius Of Dumium
Paschasius of Dumium (fl. 6th century) was a monk of Dumium in the Suevic kingdom of Gallaecia who translated the ''Sayings of the Desert Fathers'' from Greek into Latin. Paschasius is known only from his own preface. Contrary to what many modern scholars have said, there is no evidence that he was a deacon. He learned Greek from Martin, future bishop of Braga, who arrived at Dumium around 550. Martin commissioned the translation. In his dedicatory preface, Paschasius addresses Martin as a "priest and abbot", indicating that the translation was made during Martin's abbacy, before he became a bishop in 556.According to Waddell, the preface, which is in the form of an epistle to Martin, "has no match among epistles dedicatory till one comes to Ben Jonson" (quoted in ). Since Paschasius had to learn Greek before executing the translation, it is probable that the work was completed only towards 555. He entitled it ''Interrogationes et responsiones Graecorum patrum'' ('Questions and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Of Braga
Martin of Braga (in Latin ''Martinus Bracarensis'', in Portuguese, known as ''Martinho de Dume'' 520–580 AD) was an archbishop of Bracara Augusta in Gallaecia (now Braga in Portugal), a missionary, a monastic founder, and an ecclesiastical author. According to his contemporary, the historian Gregory of Tours, Martin was ''plenus virtutibus'' ("full of virtue") and ''in tantum se litteris imbuit ut nulli secundus sui temporis haberetur'' ("he so instructed himself in learning that he was considered second to none in his lifetime").''Decem Libri Historiarum'', V.37; translated by Lewis Thorpe, ''History of the Franks'' (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1974), p. 301 He was later canonized in the Catholic Church as well as in the Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches, for his work in converting the inhabitants of Gallaecia to Chalcedonian Christianity. His feast day is 20 March. Life Born in Pannonia, in Central Europe, Martin made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where he became a monk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven noun cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative, and vocative), five declensions, four verb conjuga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John The Deacon (Egyptian Chronicler)
John the Deacon was a Monophysite Egyptian chronicler whose ''Life of the Patriarch Michael'', finished ''c.''768–70, is the most important source for Christian Nubia in the first half of the eighth century.P. L. Shinnie (1986), "Christian Nubia", ''The Cambridge History of Africa: From ''c''. 500 BC to AD 1050'', J. D. Fage and Roland Anthony Oliver, edd. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 556–88. His book, written in Coptic, was later translated into Arabic and incorporated as the second part of the ''History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria''., p. 16. John was a spiritual disciple of Bishop Moses of Awsim, one of the most revered Coptic churchmen of his age. The later historian Sawirus ibn al-Muqaffaʿ made heavy use of John's ''Life'', and although John is one of the only sources for the time and place, he is not always reliable. For instance, he records a Nubian invasion of Egypt that reached as far as Fustat in 745, after the Egyptians refused to release Michael, Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelagius
Pelagius (; c. 354–418) was a British theologian known for promoting a system of doctrines (termed Pelagianism by his opponents) which emphasized human choice in salvation and denied original sin. Pelagius and his followers abhorred the moral standards of Christians in Rome, which he blamed on the view of divine grace. Pelagius was accused of heresy at the synod of Jerusalem in 415 and his doctrines were harshly criticized by Augustine of Hippo, especially the Pelagian views about humankind's good nature and individual responsibility for choosing ascetism. Pelagius especially stressed the freedom of human will. Very little is known about the personal life and career of Pelagius. Beginnings Pelagius was active between about 390 and 418. He was said by his contemporaries, such as Augustine of Hippo, Prosper of Aquitaine, Marius Mercator, and Paul Orosius, to have been of Celtic British origin. Jerome apparently thought that Pelagius was Irish, suggesting that he was "stuffed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marius Chaîne
Abbé Marius Chaîne (10 August 1873 – 19 January 1960) was a French scholar of Ethiopic and Coptic philology. Life Marius Chaîne was born in 1873 in Tarascon, Bouches-du-Rhône. He studied at the School of Higher Studies at the Sorbonne, and the School of the Louvre in Paris. In 1897 he was ordained and joined the Society of Jesus, but abandoned it after World War I. Chaîne was a professor of Oriental languages at Saint Joseph University, Beirut; the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome; and the Pontifical Biblical Institute. He penned the article "Ethiopia" for the ''Catholic Encyclopedia''. He devoted his life to Ethiopic and Coptic philology.Ficquet 2003. Works * 1907: ''Grammaire éthiopienne''. Beyrouth: Imprimerie Catholique. Nouvelle édition 1938.online versionat the Internet Archive The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of dig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohairic
Coptic (Bohairic Coptic: , ) is a language family of closely related dialects, representing the most recent developments of the Egyptian language, and historically spoken by the Copts, starting from the third-century AD in Roman Egypt. Coptic was supplanted by Arabic as the primary spoken language of Egypt following the Muslim conquest of Egypt and was slowly replaced over the centuries. Coptic has no native speakers today, although it remains in daily use as the liturgical language of the Coptic Orthodox Church and of the Coptic Catholic Church. Innovations in grammar, phonology, and the influx of Greek loanwords distinguish Coptic from earlier periods of the Egyptian language. It is written with the Coptic alphabet, a modified form of the Greek alphabet with several additional letters borrowed from the Demotic Egyptian script. The major Coptic dialects are Sahidic, Bohairic, Akhmimic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, and Oxyrhynchite. Sahidic Coptic was spoken between the cities of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahidic
Coptic (Bohairic Coptic: , ) is a language family of closely related dialects, representing the most recent developments of the Egyptian language, and historically spoken by the Copts, starting from the third-century AD in Roman Egypt. Coptic was supplanted by Arabic as the primary spoken language of Egypt following the Muslim conquest of Egypt and was slowly replaced over the centuries. Coptic has no native speakers today, although it remains in daily use as the liturgical language of the Coptic Orthodox Church and of the Coptic Catholic Church. Innovations in grammar, phonology, and the influx of Greek loanwords distinguish Coptic from earlier periods of the Egyptian language. It is written with the Coptic alphabet, a modified form of the Greek alphabet with several additional letters borrowed from the Demotic Egyptian script. The major Coptic dialects are Sahidic, Bohairic, Akhmimic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, and Oxyrhynchite. Sahidic Coptic was spoken between the cities of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaiah Of Scetis
Isaiah the Solitary (? – 11 August 491), also known as Isaiah of Gaza, Isaias or Isaiah the Solitary, Abba Isaiah, or possibly also Isaiah of Scetis, was a Christian ascetic and monastic writer known from the ''Sayings of the Desert Fathers'' and various Palestinian Miaphysite sources. He is canonized as a saint by the Coptic Orthodox Church, with his feast day on the 11th day of the month Abib (Epip) in the Coptic calendar. His work "On Guarding the Intellect" can be found in the Philokalia. Life Isaiah the Solitary lived in asceticism on a mountain in Egypt then moved to Palestine (region), Palestine. Although he was active in Gaza (as he was quoted by Barsanuphius of Gaza), Isaiah was a product of the Egyptian monasticism which had developed in the 4th century in the Kellia (Cells) of the desert of Scetes, where he was first a monk. He lived in Egypt during the early 400s. Much of Isaiah's writings were instructive for monks and solitaries. Very few of his writings are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
