Albania Defiant
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Albania Defiant
''Albania Defiant'' ( sv, Albansk utmaning) is a travel book by the Swedish authors Gun Kessle and Jan Myrdal, originally published in 1970 and translated to English in 1976 by Paul Britten Austin. It was reprinted in 1986, with six additional new chapters. In Swedish it was published by PAN/Nordstedt, in English by Monthly Review Press. The book, which is deeply sympathetic to the Party of Labour of Albania (PPSh), was written by Kessle and Myrdal – who were married until Kessle's death in 2007 – about their travels in the People's Republic of Albania. It deals with a number of issues, including the country's economy, culture and history, as well as the political leadership of Enver Hoxha. Reception The book was poorly received by several writers critical of Myrdal and the People's Republic of Albania. In ''Historical Dictionary of Scandinavian Literature and Theater'' (2006), Professor Jan Sjåvik wrote that Myrdal's "inability to perceive the horrors of Enver Hoxha's r ...
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Jan Myrdal
Jan Myrdal (19 July 1927 – 30 October 2020) was a Swedish author known for his strident Maoist, anti-imperialist and contrarian views and heterodox and highly subjective style of autobiography. Family Born in Bromma, Stockholm, in 1927, Jan Myrdal was the son of two of Sweden's most influential 20th century intellectuals, Nobel Laureates Alva Myrdal (née Reimer) and Gunnar Myrdal, and the brother of Sissela Bok and Kaj Fölster. Through his sister Sissela, Myrdal was the brother-in-law of Dean of Harvard Law School and longtime president of Harvard University, Derek Bok. Myrdal married four times. His first two wives, Maj Lidberg (1952-1956) and Nadja Wiking (1948-1952), bore him two children, Janken Myrdal (with Wiking) and Eva Myrdal (with Lidberg). Myrdal left both wives and their children at a young age, and, for most of his life, he would live with his third wife (1926–2007). A graphic artist and photographer, she illustrated many of his works. After Kessle's death, ...
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Stockholm
Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people live in the Stockholm Municipality, municipality, with 1.6 million in the Stockholm urban area, urban area, and 2.4 million in the Metropolitan Stockholm, metropolitan area. The city stretches across fourteen islands where Mälaren, Lake Mälaren flows into the Baltic Sea. Outside the city to the east, and along the coast, is the island chain of the Stockholm archipelago. The area has been settled since the Stone Age, in the 6th millennium BC, and was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl. It is also the county seat of Stockholm County. For several hundred years, Stockholm was the capital of Finland as well (), which then was a part of Sweden. The population of the municipality of Stockholm is expected to reach o ...
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Books About Albania
A book is a medium for recording information in the form of writing or images, typically composed of many pages (made of papyrus, parchment, vellum, or paper) bound together and protected by a cover. The technical term for this physical arrangement is ''codex'' (plural, ''codices''). In the history of hand-held physical supports for extended written compositions or records, the codex replaces its predecessor, the scroll. A single sheet in a codex is a leaf and each side of a leaf is a page. As an intellectual object, a book is prototypically a composition of such great length that it takes a considerable investment of time to compose and still considered as an investment of time to read. In a restricted sense, a book is a self-sufficient section or part of a longer composition, a usage reflecting that, in antiquity, long works had to be written on several scrolls and each scroll had to be identified by the book it contained. Each part of Aristotle's ''Physics'' is called a b ...
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Swedish Non-fiction Books
Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by the Swedish language * Swedish people or Swedes, persons with a Swedish ancestral or ethnic identity ** A national or citizen of Sweden, see demographics of Sweden ** Culture of Sweden * Swedish cuisine See also * * Swedish Church (other) * Swedish Institute (other) * Swedish invasion (other) * Swedish Open (other) Swedish Open is a tennis tournament. Swedish Open may also refer to: *Swedish Open (badminton) * Swedish Open (table tennis) *Swedish Open (squash) *Swedish Open (darts) The Swedish Open is a darts tournament established in 1969, held in Malm ... {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ...
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1970 Non-fiction Books
Year 197 ( CXCVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Magius and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 950 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 197 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * February 19 – Battle of Lugdunum: Emperor Septimius Severus defeats the self-proclaimed emperor Clodius Albinus at Lugdunum (modern Lyon). Albinus commits suicide; legionaries sack the town. * Septimius Severus returns to Rome and has about 30 of Albinus's supporters in the Senate executed. After his victory he declares himself the adopted son of the late Marcus Aurelius. * Septimius Severus forms new naval units, manning all the triremes in Italy with heavily armed troops for war in the East. His soldiers embark on an ...
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Sino-Albanian Split
The Sino-Albanian split was the gradual worsening of relations between the People's Socialist Republic of Albania and the People's Republic of China in the period 1972–1978. Both countries had supported each other in the Soviet–Albanian and Sino-Soviet splits, together declaring the necessity of defending Marxism–Leninism against what they regarded as Soviet revisionism within the international communist movement. By the early 1970s, however, Albanian disagreements with certain aspects of Chinese policy deepened as the visit of Nixon to China along with the Chinese announcement of the "Three Worlds Theory" produced strong apprehension in Albania's leadership under Enver Hoxha. Hoxha saw in these events an emerging Chinese alliance with American imperialism and abandonment of proletarian internationalism. In 1978, China broke off its trade relations with Albania, signalling an end to the informal alliance which existed between the two states. Origins In September 1956, En ...
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Hoxhaism
Hoxhaism () is a variant of anti-revisionist Marxism–Leninism that developed in the late 1970s due to a split in the anti-revisionist movement, appearing after the ideological dispute between the Chinese Communist Party and the Party of Labour of Albania in 1978. The ideology is named after Enver Hoxha, a notable Albanian communist leader, who served as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour. Overview Hoxhaism demarcates itself by a strict defense of the legacy of Joseph Stalin, the organization of the Soviet Union under Stalinism, and fierce criticism of virtually all other communist groupings as revisionist—it defines currents such as Eurocommunism as anti-communist movements. Critical of the United States, the Soviet Union, China, and Yugoslavia, Enver Hoxha labeled the latter three "social imperialist" and condemned the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, before withdrawing Albania from the Warsaw Pact in response. Hoxhaism asserts the right ...
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Swedish–Albanian Association
The Swedish–Albanian Association (Swedish: ''Svensk-albanska föreningen'') was a Swedish friendship association, founded during the Cold War to support the People's Socialist Republic of Albania and the Party of Labour of Albania, and to build Swedish-Albanian cultural relations. The group, among other activities, translated and published the works of Albanian leader Enver Hoxha - among them ''Imperialismen och revolutionen'' (1979) on the subject of the Sino-Albanian split - as well as books on Albanian culture, tourist guide books, and a novella by the author Dhimitër Shuteriqi. The ''Swedish-Albanian Association's Bulletin'' and ''Albania and Us'' were two regular publications. Members of the group made several visits to Albania during the 1970s and 1980s, meeting with Albanian party officials and touring the country. In early April 1976 the postal worker and member Bosse Jansson mysteriously disappeared, after attending an association meeting. Despite losing the basis of i ...
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Martin Andreasson
Martin Andreasson (born 1 October 1970 in Malmö), is a Swedish Liberal People's Party politician, a member of the Riksdag 2002–2006. He is openly gay. He is also an active member of Swedish science fiction fandom Science fiction fandom or SF fandom is a community or fandom of people interested in science fiction in contact with one another based upon that interest. SF fandom has a life of its own, but not much in the way of formal organization (although .... References 1970 births Living people Politicians from Malmö Members of the Riksdag from the Liberals (Sweden) Members of the Riksdag 2002–2006 Gay politicians Swedish LGBT politicians Science fiction fans LGBT legislators {{Sweden-LiberalPeople-politician-stub ...
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Liberal People's Party (Sweden)
The Liberals ( sv, Liberalerna, L), known as the Liberal People's Party ( sv, Folkpartiet liberalerna) until 22 November 2015, is a conservative liberal political party in Sweden. The Liberals ideologically have shown a broad variety of liberal tendencies. Currently they are seen as following classical liberalism and economic liberalism. The party is a member of the Liberal International and Renew Europe. Historically the party was positioned in the centre of the Swedish political landscape, willing to cooperate with both the political left and the right. It has since the leaderships of Lars Leijonborg and Jan Björklund in the 2000s positioned itself more towards the right. It was a part of the Alliance (Sweden), Alliance centre-right coalition government led by Prime Minister of Sweden, Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt from 2006 to 2014. The party's policies include action toward a free market economy and pushing for Sweden to join NATO and the Eurozone, as well as investing i ...
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Jackie Jakubowski
Jackie or Jacky may refer to: People and fictional characters * Jackie (given name), a list of people and fictional characters named Jackie or Jacky ** Jackie, current ring name of female professional wrestler Jacqueline Moore ** Jackie Lee (Irish singer) (born 1936), also known as "Jacky" * Jarrhan Jacky (born 1989), Australian rules football player Arts and entertainment Films * ''Jackie'' (1921 film), directed by John Ford * ''Jacky'' (film), a 2000 Dutch film * ''Jackie'' (2010 film), an Indian multilingual film directed by Kannada director Soori * ''Jackie'' (2012 film), a Dutch film * ''Jackie'' (2016 film), a biographical drama about Jackie Kennedy Music Albums * ''Jackie'' (Jackie DeShannon album) (1972) * ''Jackie'' (Ciara album) (2015) Songs * "Jacky" (Jacques Brel song) (1965) * "Jackie" (Elisa Fiorillo song) (1987) * "Jackie", a song from the 1987 album ''The Lion and the Cobra'' by Sinéad O'Connor * “Jackie”, a song from the 1993 rap album ''KKKill ...
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Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridgetunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic country, the third-largest country in the European Union, and the fifth-largest country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a total population of 10.5 million, and a low population density of , with around 87% of Swedes residing in urban areas in the central and southern half of the country. Sweden has a nature dominated by forests and a large amount of lakes, including some of the largest in Europe. Many long rivers run from the Scandes range through the landscape, primarily ...
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