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Ahmet Fevzi Big
Ahmet Fevzi Big or Ahmet Fevzi Paşa (1871-1947) was an Ottoman commander of the Ninth Army Corps of the Ottoman Third Army. He was an Abkhazian immigrant from Düzce. He was from the Circassian Big family. His father's name was Yakub. Career After the Kuva-i Inzibatiye forces loyal to the Ottoman Government were defeated by Çerkes Ethem's forces in the Revolt of Ahmet Anzavur, he was sent to recruit Circassians for the nationalist Kuva-yi Milliye. His efforts to persuade Circassians around the South Marmara towns of Manyas and Gönen were largely unsuccessful. He later told Kâzım Özalp that the people of Manyas were waiting for an opportunity to launch a second rebellion. The XI Corps began the Ottoman Third Army's offensive in the Caucasus Campaign on 7 November. On 12 November they were joined by reinforcements from the IX corps commanded by Fevzi Paşa. Together they were able to push the Russians back. Behaeddin Shakir was unable to bring the IX Corps under th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infantry
Infantry is a military specialization which engages in ground combat on foot. Infantry generally consists of light infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry & mechanized infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and marine infantry. Although disused in modern times, heavy infantry also commonly made up the bulk of many historic armies. Infantry, cavalry, and artillery have traditionally made up the core of the combat arms professions of various armies, with the infantry almost always comprising the largest portion of these forces. Etymology and terminology In English, use of the term ''infantry'' began about the 1570s, describing soldiers who march and fight on foot. The word derives from Middle French ''infanterie'', from older Italian (also Spanish) ''infanteria'' (foot soldiers too inexperienced for cavalry), from Latin '' īnfāns'' (without speech, newborn, foolish), from which English also gets '' infant''. The individual-soldier term ''infantry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Çerkes Ethem
Çerkes Ethem (1886 – 21 September 1948), known in English as Ethem the Circassian, was a Circassian Ottoman guerilla leader, social bandit, efe and soldier. He initially gained fame for establishing the Kuva-yi Seyyare and putting down multiple great-scale rebellions and gaining key major victories against the Greek armies invading Anatolia during the Turkish War of Independence. In time, as Ethem's Islamic socialist views clashed with the Turkish nationalism of the Turkish National movement, he cut ties with them to act independently, and was later attacked and defeated by İsmet İnönü. İnönü later claimed that Ethem subsequently cooperated with the Greek army, a claim which has been rejected by Ethem himself and disputed by most historians. Early life and family His family, House of Dipsheu, was originally a famous pirate and bandit clan from the Ubykhia province of Circassia, who were exiled to Ottoman Empire in the 1860s during the Circassian genocide. Ethe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rauf Orbay
Hüseyin Rauf Orbay (27 July 1881 – 16 July 1964) was an Ottoman-born Turkish naval officer, statesman and diplomat of Abkhazian origin. Biography Hüseyin Rauf was born in Constantinople in 1881 to an Abkhazian family. As an officer in the Ottoman Navy, he achieved fame for his actions as the captain of the cruiser '' Hamidiye'' during the First Balkan War.''Huseyin Ra'uf Orbey'', W.M. Hale, ''The Encyclopaedia of Islam'', Vol. VIII, ed. C.E.Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P.Heinrichs and G. Lecomte, (Brill, 1995), 174. He was Chief of Naval Staff during World War I and by October 1918 was Minister of Marine and led the delegation that signed the Armistice of Mudros. Rauf Orbay also played a role in assisting Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in a near court-martial during a feud with Djemal Pasha and Enver Pasha. On 31 October 1918, he signed the Armistice of Mudros as the Minister of Navy, which ended the Ottoman Empire's participation in World War I. When the Turkish War of Indepe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Fuat Cebesoy
Ali Fuat Cebesoy (September 23, 1882Ayfer Özçelik, ''Ali Fuad Cepesoy'', Akçağ Yayınları, 1993, , p. 1. – January 10, 1968) was a Turkish army officer and politician. Early life Ali Fuat was born in September 1882 to father Ismail Fazil Pasha and mother Zekiye Hanım. He was of German- Circassian descent, and also his maternal grandfather Mehmet Ali Pasha was of Huguenot- French descent. Ali Fuat was the grandson (on his mother's side) of Mushir Mehmet Ali PashaAli Fuat Cebesoy, ''Sınıf Arkadaşım Atatürk: Okul ve Genç Subaylık Hâtıraları'', Temel Yayınları, 2000, , p. 19. (Ludwig Karl Friedrich Detroit) who was the commander of the Danube Army (''Tuna Şark Ordusu'') during the Russo-Turkish war, participated in the Congress of Berlin as one of three representatives of the Ottoman Empire and was killed on September 7, 1878Osman Selim Kocahanoğlu, "Bir Osmanlı Ailesi ve Ali Fuad Cebesoy", ''Ali Fuat Cebesoy'un Arşivinden Askeri ve Siyasi Belgeler'', Te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XX Corps (Ottoman Empire)
The XX Corps of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish: ''20 nci Kolordu ''or'' Yirminci Kolordu'') was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during World War I. World War I Order of Battle, December 1916 In December 1916, the corps was structured as follows:İsmet Görgülü, ''On Yıllık Harbin Kadrosu: 1912 - 1922 (Balkan-Birinci Dünya ve İstiklâl Harbi)'', Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1993, p. 183. Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 154. *XX Corps (Macedonian Front, Commander: Mirliva Abdülkerim Pasha) ** 49th Division (Commander: Miralay Mahmut Bey), withdrawn to Turkey on March 19, 1917. ***144th Infantry Regiment (Commander: Kaymakam Adil Bey) ***145th Regiment (Commander: Binbaşı Ali Rıza Bey) ***146th Regiment (Commander: Kaymakam Schierholz) ***46th Artillery Regiment (Commander: Binbaşı M. Behçet Bey). ** 50th Division (Commander: Kaymakam Şükrü Naili Bey, Chief of S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Committee Of Union And Progress
The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) ( ota, اتحاد و ترقى جمعيتی, translit=İttihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti, script=Arab), later the Union and Progress Party ( ota, اتحاد و ترقى فرقهسی, translit=İttihad ve Terakki Fırkası, script=Arab), was a secret revolutionary organization and political party active between 1889 and 1926 in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey. The foremost faction within the Young Turk movement, it instigated the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, which ended absolute monarchy and began the Second Constitutional Era. From 1913 to 1918, the CUP ruled the empire as a one-party state and committed genocides against the Armenian, Greek, and Assyrian peoples as part of a broader policy of ethnic erasure during the late Ottoman period. The CUP was associated with the wider Young Turk movement, and its members have often been referred to as Young Turks, although the movement produced other political parties as well. Within t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Behaeddin Shakir
Baha al-Din or Bahaa ad-Din ( ar, بهاء الدين, Bahāʾ al-Dīn, splendour of the faith), or various variants like Bahauddin, Bahaeddine or (in Turkish) Bahattin, may refer to: Surname * A. K. M. Bahauddin, Bangladeshi politician and the Member of Parliament from Comilla *Salaheddine Bahaaeddin (born 1950), Kurdish Iraqi politician Middle name *AFM Bahauddin Nasim, Bangladeshi politician and former Member of Parliament from Madaripur Given name * Bahaedin Adab (1945–2007), Iranian Kurdish politician and engineer *Bahauddin Baha (born 1942), contemporary Afghan judge *Bahauddin Dagar (born 1970), Indian musician * Mufti Baha-ud-din Farooqi, contemporary Indian judge * Bahaddin Gaziyev (born 1965), Azerbaijani journalist *Rafic Hariri, full name: Rafic Baha El Deen Al-Hariri (1944–2005), Lebanese businessman and politician * Bahaa el-Din Ahmed Hussein el-Akkad (born 1949), Egyptian former Muslim sheikh who converted to Christianity *Qawwal Bahauddin Khan (1934–2006), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasus Campaign
The Caucasus campaign comprised armed conflicts between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, later including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus, the German Empire, the Central Caspian Dictatorship, and the British Empire, as part of the Middle Eastern theatre during World War I. The Caucasus campaign extended from the South Caucasus to the Armenian Highlands region, reaching as far as Trabzon, Bitlis, Mush and Van. The land warfare was accompanied by naval engagements in the Black Sea. The Russian military campaign started on 1 November 1914 with the Russian invasion of Turkish Armenia. In February 1917, the Russian advance was halted following the Russian Revolution. The Russian Caucasus Army soon disintegrated and was replaced by the forces of the newly established Armenian state, comprising Armenian volunteer units and irregular units which had previously been part of the Russian Army. During 1918 the region also s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XI Corps (Ottoman Empire)
The XI Corps of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish: ''11 nci Kolordu'' ''or'' ''On Birinci Kolordu'') was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms. Formation With further reorganizations of the Ottoman Army, to include the creation of corps level headquarters, by 1911 the XI Corps was headquartered in Van. The Corps before the First Balkan War in 1911 was structured as such:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 381. *XI Corps, Van ** 33rd Infantry Division, Van ***88th Infantry Regiment, Van ***89th Infantry Regiment, Başkale ***90th Infantry Regiment, Bayezit ***33rd Rifle Battalion, Van ***33rd Division Band, Van ** 34th Infantry Division, Muş ***91st Infantry Regiment, Muş ***92nd Infantry Regiment, Malazgirt ***93rd Infantry Regiment, Kara Kilise ***34th Rifle Battalion, Yemen Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kâzım Özalp
Kâzım Paşa Hazretleri Özalp (17 February 1882 – 6 June 1968) was a Turkish military officer of Albanian descent, politician, and one of the leading figures in the Turkish War of Independence. Biography Born in Köprülü (now Veles, Republic of Macedonia), in the Kosovo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire into an Albanian family, Kâzım Fikri graduated from the Ottoman military school in 1902 and completed the College of War in 1905. Kâzım Özalp was involved to 31 March Incident in 1909. He was a military commander during the Balkan wars. In 1917, he was promoted to the rank of the colonel. He was one of the military commanders who organized resistance groups against the occupation of Izmir. During the Turkish War of Independence, he fought at several fronts. In 1921, Kâzım Özalp was promoted to the rank General for his success at the Battle of Sakarya. After the Kurdish Sheikh Said Rebellion was subdued, he contributed to the Report for Reform of the East, which adv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gönen
Gönen is a district of Balıkesir Province of Turkey, in the southern part of Marmara Sea. The town is mostly known for its therapeutic hot springs, leather processing and rice production. Location The town is surrounded by Bandırma in the northeast, Biga and Yenice in the west, Marmara Sea and Gulf of Erdek and Balya in the south. Elevation is above sea level. Names and etymology The oldest known name of the town is Asepsus (Ασεψούς in Ancient greek). This was also the name of the brook, that flows next to the city center and was crossed by the Roman Aesepus Bridge. Research shows that the subsequent name was Artemea (Αρτεμέα), a derivation of the Greek goddess Artemis. After the Ottoman conquest the name Gönen was used. The etymological source of that name is still disputed. Widely accepted possibilities are: * Non-Turkish possibilities: ** Ka-wana : A word meaning "Sheepland/Sheep Country" in Luwian ** Germenon : A word meaning "Hot Spring" ** Giunan : ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manyas
Manyas is a town and district of Balıkesir Province in the Marmara region of Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in .... The population was 6,501 in 2010. The mayor is Tancan Barçın ( CHP). Pictures from Manyas Birds' Heaven Image:Manyas1.JPG Image:Manyas2.JPG Image:Manyas3.JPG Image:Manyas4.JPG Image:Manyas5.JPG Image:Manyas_big.jpg References Populated places in Balıkesir Province Districts of Balıkesir Province {{Balıkesir-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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