Ahmet Fevzi Big or Ahmet Fevzi Paşa (1871-1947) was an Ottoman commander of the Ninth Army Corps of the

Ottoman Third Army The Third Army was originally established in Skopje and later defended the northeastern provinces of the Ottoman Empire. Its initial headquarters was at Salonica, where it formed the core of the military forces that supported the Young Turk Rev ...

. He was an Abkhazian immigrant from

Düzce Düzce is the capital city of Düzce Province, the eighty-first Province in Turkey. The population is 367,087 and in 2009 was 125,240, an increase from 61,878 in 1990. Overview Düzce is the eighty-first and the newest province of Turkey. ...

. He was from the Circassian Big family. His father's name was Yakub.

Career

After the Kuva-i Inzibatiye forces loyal to the Ottoman Government were defeated by

Çerkes Ethem Çerkes Ethem (1886 – 21 September 1948), known in English as Ethem the Circassian, was a Circassian Ottoman guerilla leader, social bandit, efe and soldier. He initially gained fame for establishing the Kuva-yi Seyyare and putting down mu ...

's forces in the

Revolt of Ahmet Anzavur The Revolt of Ahmet Anzavur ( tr, Ahmet Anzavur Ayaklanması) was a series of revolts led by the Ottoman gendarme officer Ahmet Anzavur against the Turkish national movement during the Turkish War of Independence. The revolt was coordinated by the ...

, he was sent to recruit

Circassians The Circassians (also referred to as Cherkess or Adyghe; Adyghe and Kabardian: Адыгэхэр, romanized: ''Adıgəxər'') are an indigenous Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation native to the historical country-region of Circassia in ...

for the nationalist

Kuva-yi Milliye The Kuva-yi Milliye ( ota, قواى مليه; 'National Forces' or 'Nationalist Forces') were irregular Turkish militia forces active in the early period of the Turkish War of Independence. These irregular forces emerged after the occupation of ...

. His efforts to persuade Circassians around the South Marmara towns of

Manyas Manyas is a town and district of Balıkesir Province in the Marmara region of Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on th ...

and

Gönen Gönen is a district of Balıkesir Province of Turkey, in the southern part of Marmara Sea. The town is mostly known for its therapeutic hot springs, leather processing and rice production. Location The town is surrounded by Bandırma in the no ...

were largely unsuccessful. He later told

Kâzım Özalp Kâzım Paşa Hazretleri Özalp (17 February 1882 – 6 June 1968) was a Turkish military officer of Albanian descent, politician, and one of the leading figures in the Turkish War of Independence. Biography Born in Köprülü (now Veles, Re ...

that the people of Manyas were waiting for an opportunity to launch a second rebellion. The

XI Corps 11 Corps, 11th Corps, Eleventh Corps, or XI Corps may refer to: * 11th Army Corps (France) * XI Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * XI Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German Army * ...

began the Ottoman Third Army's offensive in the

Caucasus Campaign The Caucasus campaign comprised armed conflicts between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, later including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus, the German Empire, the Central Caspian Dicta ...

on 7 November. On 12 November they were joined by reinforcements from the IX corps commanded by Fevzi Paşa. Together they were able to push the Russians back.

Behaeddin Shakir Baha al-Din or Bahaa ad-Din ( ar, بهاء الدين, Bahāʾ al-Dīn, splendour of the faith), or various variants like Bahauddin, Bahaeddine or (in Turkish) Bahattin, may refer to: Surname * A. K. M. Bahauddin, Bangladeshi politician and the M ...

was unable to bring the IX Corps under the control

Committee of Union and Progress The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) ( ota, اتحاد و ترقى جمعيتی, translit=İttihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti, script=Arab), later the Union and Progress Party ( ota, اتحاد و ترقى فرقه‌سی, translit=İttihad ve Tera ...

(CUP) while Fevzi Paşa remained their commander. When Fevzi Paşa opposed the Ottoman plan to attack the Russians during the winter, Shakir replaced Fevzi Paşa as IX Corps commander. Although he was appointed the commander of the XX Corps in place of Ali Fuad Pasha, he refused it at the caution of Rauf Bey and Bekir Sami Bey. Fevzi Pasha died in 1947 in Istanbul. File:Ahmediye Mosque 9017.jpg, Ahmediye Mosque from side street File:Ahmediye Mosque 9029.jpg, Ahmediye Mosque exterior File:Ahmediye Mosque 9020.jpg, Ahmediye Mosque interior

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Big, Ahmet Fevzi 1871 births 1947 deaths People from Düzce Ottoman Military Academy alumni Turkish people of Ubykh descent Ottoman military personnel of the Balkan Wars Ottoman Army generals Ottoman military personnel of World War I Turkish people of Circassian descent