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Acraea Lualabae
''Acraea lualabae'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Shaba). Description In 1912, Harry Eltringham wrote: Description in Seitz ''A. lualabae'' Neave is very similar to the two following species Acraea chaeribula">A. chaeribula'', ''Acraea acrita">A. acrita'' , scarcely differing except in the forewing having two to four discal dots in cellules 3 to 6. Both wings above orange-yellow with large black dots; apical spot of the forewing about 8 mm. in breadth, indicated beneath also; marginal band of the hindwing on both surfaces with large light spots; hindwing above blackish at the base. Congo: Lualaba. Taxonomy ''Acraea lualabae'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea lualabae'' *''Acraea acrita'' *''Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea manca'' *''Acraea pudorina'' *''Acraea utengulensis ''Acraea utengulensis'', the T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheffield Airey Neave
Sheffield Airey Neave Order of St. Michael and St. George, CMG Order of the British Empire, OBE (20 April 1879 – 31 December 1961) was a British naturalist and entomologist. Neave was the grandson of Sheffield Neave, a governor of the Bank of England and he was the father of Airey Neave. Early life Born in Kensworth in Hertfordshire on 20 April 1879, he was the son of Sheffield Henry M. Neave and his wife Gertrude Charlotte Margaret (née Airey). He was educated at Eton College, Eton and Magdalen College, Oxford. Africa Neave's first work was research into the problems related to the tsetse fly and the study of African animal life. He was part of the Geodetic Survey of Northern Rhodesia between 1904 and 1905. Between 1906 and 1908 he was part of the Katanga African trypanosomiasis, Sleeping Sickness Commission and then from 1909 to 1913 the Entomological Research Committee of Tropical Africa. While he collected in Eastern Africa, fellow collector James Jenkins Simpson collected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Eltringhamiana
''Acraea eltringhamiana'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Zambia (from the northern part of the country to Lake Bangweulu) and the south-eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. ''Acraea eltringhamiana'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea lualabae'' *'' Acraea manca'' *'' Acraea pudorina'' *''Acraea utengulensis ''Acraea utengulensis'', the Tanzanian fiery acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern and central Tanzania and Zambia. Taxonomy ''Acraea utengulensis'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The cl ...'' *''Acraea'' (group ''horta'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010, *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (subgroup ''insignis'') Pierre & Bernaud, 2013 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') group ''egina'' Pierre & Bernaud, 2014 Pierre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea (butterfly)
''Acraea'' is a genus of brush-footed butterflies (family Nymphalidae) of the subfamily Heliconiinae. It seems to be highly paraphyletic and has long been used as a "wastebin taxon" to unite about 220 species of anatomically conservative Acraeini. Some phylogenetic studies show that the genus ''Acraea'' is monophyletic if ''Bematistes'' and Neotropical ''Actinote'' are included (see Pierre & Bernaud, 2009). Most species assembled here are restricted to the Afrotropical realm, but some are found in India, Southeast Asia, and Australia.Silva-Brandão et al. (2008) Biology The eggs are laid in masses; the larvae are rather short, of almost equal thickness throughout, and possessing branched spines on each segment, young larvae group together on a protecting mass of silk; the pupa is slender, with a long abdomen, rather wide and angulated about the insertion of the wings, and suspended by the tail only. '' A. horta'', '' A. cabira'', and '' A. terpsicore'' illustrate typical life ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterflies Described In 1910
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it fli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lualaba River
The Lualaba River flows entirely within the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. It provides the greatest streamflow to the Congo River, while the source of the Congo is recognized as the Chambeshi. The Lualaba is long. Its headwaters are in the country's far southeastern corner near Musofi and Lubumbashi in Katanga Province, next to the Zambian Copperbelt. Course The source of the Lualaba River is on the Katanga plateau, at an elevation of above sea level. The river flows northward to end near Kisangani, where the name Congo River officially begins. From the Katanga plateau it drops, with waterfalls and rapids marking the descent, to the Manika plateau. As it descends through the upper Upemba Depression (Kamalondo Trough), in . Near Nzilo Falls it is dammed for hydroelectric power at the Nzilo Dam. At Bukama in Haut-Lomami District the river becomes navigable for about through a series of marshy lakes in the lower Upemba Depression, including Lake Upemba and Lake Kisale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Utengulensis
''Acraea utengulensis'', the Tanzanian fiery acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern and central Tanzania and Zambia. Taxonomy ''Acraea utengulensis'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea utengulensis'' *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *'' Acraea eltringhamiana'' *'' Acraea guluensis'' *'' Acraea lualabae'' *'' Acraea manca'' *'' Acraea pudorina'' Treated as a form of ''Acraea pudorina'' by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in Adalbert Seitz's ''Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde'' (in English: The Macrolepidoptera of the World) (1907). See the ''Acraea acrita'' species complex. Classification of Acraea by Henning, Henning & Williams, Pierre. J. & Bernaud *''Acraea'' (group ''acrita'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Rubraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (subgroup ''acrita'') Pierre & Bernaud, 2013 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Groupe ''egina'' Pierre & Bernaud, 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Pudorina
''Acraea pudorina'', the Kenyan fiery acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in central and southern Kenya and Tanzania. Description Very similar to ''Acraea acrita'' qv. Taxonomy ''Acraea pudorina'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The other clade members are: *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea lualabae'' *'' Acraea manca'' *''Acraea utengulensis ''Acraea utengulensis'', the Tanzanian fiery acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern and central Tanzania and Zambia. Taxonomy ''Acraea utengulensis'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The cl ...'' Classification of Acraea by Henning, Henning & Williams, Pierre. J. & Bernaud *''Acraea'' (group ''acrita'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Rubraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (supraspecies ''acrita'') *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Groupe ''egi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Manca
''Acraea manca'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Tanzania. Description Very similar to ''Acraea acrita'' qv. Taxonomy ''Acraea manca'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea manca'' *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea lualabae'' *''Acraea pudorina'' *''Acraea utengulensis'' Classification of Acraea by Henning, Henning & Williams, Pierre. J. & Bernaud *''Acraea'' (group ''acrita'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Rubraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (subgroup ''acrita'') Pierre & Bernaud, 2013 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Groupe ''egina'' Pierre & Bernaud, 2014 Pierre & Bernau, 2014 Classification et Liste Synonymique des Taxons du Genre ''Acraea'pdf/ref> References External links Images representing ''Acraea manca''at Bold In typography, emphasis is the strengthening of words in a text with a font in a dif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Guluensis
''Acraea guluensis'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern Uganda and southern Sudan. Taxonomy ''Acraea guluensis'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *'' Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea lualabae'' *'' Acraea manca'' *'' Acraea pudorina'' *''Acraea utengulensis'' Classification of ''Acraea'' by Henning, Henning & Williams, Pierre. J. & Bernaud *''Acraea'' (group ''acrita'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Rubraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (supraspecies ''acrita'') Pierre & Bernaud, 2013 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Groupe ''egina'' Pierre & Bernaud, 2014 Pierre & Bernau, 2014 Classification et Liste Synonymique des Taxons du Genre ''Acraea'pdf/ref> References Le Doux, C., 1932 Neue Acraeinae (Lepid. Rhopal.) aus Afrika. ''Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft'' 3:4-7. External links ''Acraea guluen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterfly
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily (zoology), superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo Holometabolism, complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Group
In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each other, further blurring any distinctions. Terms that are sometimes used synonymously but have more precise meanings are cryptic species for two or more species hidden under one species name, sibling species for two (or more) species that are each other's closest relative, and species flock for a group of closely related species that live in the same habitat. As informal taxonomic ranks, species group, species aggregate, macrospecies, and superspecies are also in use. Two or more taxa that were once considered conspecific (of the same species) may later be subdivided into infraspecific taxa (taxa within a species, such as bacterial strains or plant varieties), that is complex but it is not a species complex. A species complex is in most cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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